Ngaba kukho umntu osondeleyo kuwe otshintshileyo ngequbuliso? Isenokuba yingxaki yokuphambana.

Khawucinge ukuba umntu omthandayo, mhlawumbi umama, utata, okanye umakhulu/utatomkhulu wakho, ulele esibhedlele ngenxa yokugula. Umntu othethe naye waza wamazi izolo ngequbuliso akakwazi, ukhwaza ngoloyiko, akazi ukuba lixesha lini, okanye ukuba ukuphi, kwaye uziphatha ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Ubuya kuziva usoyika kakhulu kwaye wothukile, akunjalo? Kwizonyango, olu hlobo lokudideka kwengqondo ngequbuliso lubizwa ngokuba yi-delirium. Oku akunqabile njengoko unokucinga. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Delirium?

I-Delirium kukuphazamiseka ngequbuliso kokusebenza kwengqondo . Yimeko enokuthi ikhule ngokukhawuleza kwiiyure okanye iintsuku ezimbalwa. Ibangela ukuba amandla omntu okucinga, ukukhumbula, ukugxila, nokuqonda okumngqongileyo aphazamiseke okwethutyana.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-delirium?

I-Delirium inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezintathu eziphambili, ngokusekelwe kwindlela umguli aziphatha ngayo.

Zithini iimpawu ze-delirium?

Iimpawu ze-delirium zingahluka kumntu nomntu. Zisenokufika zihambe, kwaye zinokuba mandundu ebusuku .

Iimpawu eziphambili ezibonakalayo:

• Ukuncipha kolwazi ngeendawo ezikungqongileyo: Ukulibala ukuba ziphi (esibhedlele okanye ekhaya), ukuba loluphi usuku, nokuba loluphi ixesha.
• Ukungakwazi ukugxila: Ubunzima bokugxila kwinto enye, ukuqhubeka nencoko, nokuphendula imibuzo ngokuchanekileyo.
• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo: Ukulibala iziganeko zakutshanje, ezifana namagama amalungu osapho.
• Ukudideka kweengcinga: Iincoko ziyabhideka. Ukutsiba ukusuka kwesinye isihloko ukuya kwesinye.
• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha:
• Ukubona okanye ukuva izinto ezingekhoyo ngokwenene (imibono) .
• Ukukholelwa kakhulu kwizinto ezingeyonyani, umzekelo, ukucinga ukuba umntu uzama ukukutyhefa (ukukhohlisa) .
• Ukungaphumli kakhulu, ukucaphuka, nokucaphuka .
• Okanye, ukuze uthule kakhulu, ube livila, kwaye ulale.
• Utshintsho kwiimvakalelo: Ukuziva unomsindo ngequbuliso, usoyika, uxhalabile, okanye wonwabile kakhulu. Ezi mvakalelo zitshintsha ngokukhawuleza.
• Utshintsho kwiindlela zokulala: Ukulala emini nokuvuka ebusuku. Ukulala kuyaphazamiseka ngokupheleleyo.

Zithini izizathu ze-delirium?

I-Delirium ayibangelwa luxinzelelo esilufumanayo kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Ibangelwa luxinzelelo lomzimba olunzima kakhulu ukuba umzimba okanye ingqondo ingakwazi ukuluthwala. Xa ingqondo ingenayo ioksijini, izondlo, okanye ibhalansi yeekhemikhali ezifunekayo, ingqondo iyayeka ukusebenza kakuhle.

Ezinye zezizathu eziqhelekileyo:

• Usulelo olunzima: ingakumbi usulelo lomchamo, usulelo lwemiphunga (i-pneumonia).
• Utyando olukhulu: Ingakumbi emva kotyando lwentliziyo okanye utyando lwesinqe.
• Amayeza:Ukusela amayeza athile okudambisa iintlungu, iipilisi zokulala, amayeza okungezwani komzimba, okanye amayeza amaninzi ngaxeshanye.
• Utywala okanye iziyobisi: zisebenzise okanye uziyeke ngokupheleleyo.
• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni okanye ukunqongophala kwezondlo.
• Ukwenzakala entloko ngenxa yengozi.
• Iimeko ezingxamisekileyo ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo.
• Ukungalingani kwamanqanaba etyuwa (i-sodium, i-potassium) emzimbeni.
• Intlungu ebuhlungu.
• Ukuqhinwa okanye ukungakwazi ukuchama.
• Indawo esibhedlele: Ukuba kwindawo ongayiqhelanga, kwigumbi elingenafestile, kunye nokuphazamiseka kokulala rhoqo.

I-Delirium ikwanokwenzeka ngakumbi ekupheleni kobomi, ingakumbi kwabo bafumana unyango lokudambisa iintlungu.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yile meko?

Nangona i-delirium inokwenzeka nangaliphi na ixesha, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.

• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala.
• Abantu ababekhe baba nengxaki yokukhumbula efana ne- dementia ngaphambili.
• Abantu abangaboni kakuhle okanye abangeva kakuhle.
• Abantu ababekhe baba ne-delirium ngaphambili.
• Abo baye benza utyando olukhulu.
• Abantu abasebenzisa amayeza amaninzi ngaxeshanye.
• Abantu abanemizimba ebuthathaka kakhulu nebhityileyo.

Ugqirha uyifumana njani le nto?

Akukho vavanyo lunye lokuxilonga i-delirium. Ugqirha uya kuyixilonga ngokuqwalasela izinto ezininzi kunye.

1. Ukubuza usapho lwesigulana ngotshintsho oluye lwenzeka kwimeko yaso yengqondo: Indlela oluye lwenzeka ngayo utshintsho oluye lwenzeka ngokukhawuleza kwimeko yaso yengqondo, ukuba zeziphi utshintsho oluye lwenzeka kwindlela esiziphatha ngayo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukucacisa ngokucacileyo oko ukubonayo kugqirha.

2. Ukuhlola isigulana: Ungabuza imibuzo embalwa elula ukuvavanya ingqalelo yesigulana, inkumbulo, kunye nobuchule bokucinga. (Umzekelo: Ngowuphi umhla namhlanje? Uphi? Ungabala ubuye nge-10?)

3. Uvavanyo lomzimba: Umzimba ujongwa ukuba awunasosulelo okanye ezinye iimpawu.

4. Uvavanyo: Kuyenziwa uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo ukuze kufunyanwe unobangela oyintloko.

• Uvavanyo lwegazi (jonga ukuba azikho na izifo, amanqanaba amathe)
• Uvavanyo lomchamo (jonga usulelo lomchamo)
• I-X-reyi yesifuba
• Uvavanyo lwe-ECG (ujonga ukusebenza kwentliziyo)
• Ngamanye amaxesha i-brain scan (CT/MRI scan)

Iphathwa njani i-delirium?

Injongo ephambili yonyango kukufumana nokunyanga ingxaki esisiseko yomzimba ebangela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo . Umzekelo, amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane osulelo okanye ityuwa yokuphelisa ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.

Ukongeza, iindlela ziyasetyenziswa ukunceda ukunika intuthuzelo kwisigulana kwaye zigcine sizolile kwaye sikhuselekile.

Unyango olungelulo olusebenzisa amayeza

• Yenza indawo ezolileyo nezolileyo: Yehlisa isandi sethelevishini, cima izibane ezikhanyayo, kwaye unciphise inani labantu abasondela kwisigulana ngaxeshanye.
• Soloko uthetha nesigulana: Thetha ngokuzolileyo, ngamazwi alula. Ukuthi izinto ezinje, "Usesibhedlele, uza kuphila, silapha ngenxa yakho" kunokunceda ukunciphisa uloyiko lwesigulana.
• Nika ulwazi ngendawo engqongileyo: Beka iwotshi enkulu kunye nekhalenda apho isigulane sinokuzibona khona. Gcina iifestile zivuliwe emini.
• Ukuba kufutshane nosapho: Ukubona ubuso obuqhelekileyo nokuva amazwi abantu obathandayo kukunika isiqabu esikhulu kumguli.
• Ukusebenzisa iiglasi kunye nezixhobo zokuva: Ukuba unengxaki yokubona okanye yokuva, kubalulekile ukuba unikeze izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho.
• Nika ukutya okunesondlo esifanelekileyo kunye nolwelo.
• Ukuba kunokwenzeka, hambahamba kancinci njengoko ugqirha wakho ekucebisile: Le meko inokuba mandundu xa uhlala kwindawo enye.

Unyango ngamayeza

Okwangoku akukho mayeza athile avunyiweyo okuthintela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba isigulana siphazamisekile kakhulu kwaye sisengozini yokuzilimaza okanye yokuzilimaza abanye, ugqirha angakunika idosi ephantsi kakhulu yohlobo lwe -sedative (antipsychotic) okwethutyana elifutshane.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba uphile ngokupheleleyo emva kokuphazamiseka kwengqondo?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-delirium iyaphela ngokupheleleyo kwiintsuku okanye iiveki ezimbalwa emva kokuba unobangela unyangiwe. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu, ingakumbi abo balupheleyo okanye abaneengxaki ezingaphantsi ezifana ne-dementia, banokuthatha iinyanga ezininzi ukuba baphile. Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokubakho ukuphazamiseka okuncinci kwimemori okanye kwizakhono zokucinga.

I-Delirium yinto eyoyikisayo, kokubili kumguli nakwintsapho ebajongileyo. Kodwa ngokuqatshelwa kwangoko kunye nonyango olufanelekileyo, umntu omthandayo angaphila.