Ngaba udiniwe kukuvakalelwa lusizi, uxhalabile, kwaye ungakwazi ukugxila kwinto ethile? Ngamanye amaxesha kunokuvakala ngathi ulwa nezi mvakalelo wedwa. Kodwa awuwedwa. Ukudakumba yimeko enokunyangeka. Ukufumana uncedo kuyo akubobuthathaka, ngamandla amakhulu onokuzinika wona. Ngoko makhe sibone ukuba loluphi unyango olufumanekayo kuyo.
Ulukhetha njani unyango olukufaneleyo?
Xa unyanga uxinzelelo, akukho sicwangciso sonyango esifanela bonke. Kufana nokuthunga isuti, kufuneka ilungiselelwe wena. Ugqirha wakho uza kukumisela isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo ngokusekwe kuhlobo loxinzelelo onalo kunye nobunzima balo.
Ngokwesiqhelo kukho iinxalenye eziphambili ezininzi kwesi sicwangciso sonyango:
- Unyango lwengqondo: Oku kuquka ukuthetha ngeengxaki zakho nomcebisi wezempilo yengqondo oqeqeshiweyo.
- Amayeza: Amayeza abizwa ngokuba zii-antidepressants.
- Ukuzilolonga: Ukuzilolonga komzimba kunempembelelo entle kakhulu engqondweni.
Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zinto zodwa zisenokunganikeli ncedo lwaneleyo. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ukuba kunjalo, ugqirha wakho unokuqwalasela nonyango lokuvuselela ingqondo, olufana ne-`(Electroconvulsive Therapy - ECT)`.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukunyamezela. Kungathatha ixesha ukufumana amayeza afanelekileyo kunye nomlinganiselo ofanelekileyo kuwe. Kwakhona, zama ukufumana ugqirha okanye ingcali yezonyango okulula ukuthetha naye nokuqonda kakuhle. Ukuba nomonde nengqondo evulekileyo njengoko uqhubeka nolu hambo kuya kukunceda kakhulu ekuchacheni ngokukhawuleza.
Zisebenza njani ii-antidepressants?
Sibiza olu hlobo lwamayeza ukuba anciphise uxinzelelo . Anceda ekunciphiseni usizi, ukuphelelwa lithemba, kunye nokuxhalaba kwaye aphucule indlela ovakalelwa ngayo.
Ngamafutshane, inento yokwenza neekhemikhali ezithunyelwa kwingqondo yethu. Kukho iikhemikhali ezintathu eziphambili ezinceda ekulawuleni imo yethu. Ziyi -serotonin, i-norepinephrine, kunye ne-dopamine . Uphando lufumanise ukuba kwingqondo yomntu onesifo sokudakumba, iisekethe ezisebenzisa ezi khemikhali azisebenzi kakuhle. Ii-antidepressants zisebenza ngokulawula umsebenzi wezi khemikhali ukuya kwinqanaba elithile kwaye zenze ezo sekethe zisebenze kakuhle kwakhona. Yiyo loo nto yenza imo yakho ibe ngcono.
Kufuneka ndithathe eli yeza ixesha elingakanani?
Rhoqo, ugqirha wakho uya kukucebisa ukuba uqhubeke nokusela amayeza akho okwethutyana emva kokuba uzive ungcono. Oku kwenzelwa ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokubuya kweempawu zakho. Ixesha omele ulithathe amayeza akho lixhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho, ukuba ziphucuke kangakanani na, kunye nokuba ukhe waba noxinzelelo ngaphambili. Ngoko ke ungayeki ukuthatha amayeza akho de ugqirha wakho akuxelele ukuba wenze njalo.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zemithi yokudakumba?
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemithi yokudakumba. Ukuba uthatha nawaphi na amanye amayeza, iivithamini, izongezo, okanye imifuno, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ngazo, kuba amanye amayeza anokunxibelelana.
Masiqonde ezi ntlobo ziphambili zamayeza kwitheyibhile engezantsi.
| Uhlobo lweyeza | Indlela esebenza ngayo ngokulula | Imizekelo |
|---|---|---|
| Ii-SSRI (Ii-Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) | Uhlobo olucetyiswa kakhulu ngoogqirha. Luphucula ukusetyenziswa kwekhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-serotonin engqondweni. | I-Fluoxetine, iSertraline, iCitalopram, i-Escitalopram |
| Ii-SNRI (Ii-Serotonin kunye ne-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors) | Ichaphazela ukusebenza kweekhemikhali zobuchopho ezibizwa ngokuba yi-serotonin kunye ne-norepinephrine. | IVenlafaxine, iDuloxetine, iDesvenlafaxine |
| Ii-Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs) | La luhlobo lwamayeza oludala kancinci. Nangona esebenza kakuhle njengee-SNRI, awanikwa kuqala kuba anobungozi obukhulu beziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. | I-Amitriptyline, i-Imipramine |
| Ii-MAOI (Ii-Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors) | Ezi zezona mithi zokuqala zokudakumba ezisetyenziswayo. Zinikwa kuphela ukuba amanye amayeza akancedanga. Ngelixa usebenzisa la mayeza, kufuneka uziphephe ngokupheleleyo ukutya okuthile, okufana netshizi kunye nenyama egugileyo, kunye namayeza athile (afana neentlungu zentlungu). | I-Phenelzine, i-Isocarboxazid, i-Selegiline (i-patch) |
Unyango lwengqondo lunamandla amakhulu.
Ngaphandle kwamayeza, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha nangaphezulu, unyango lokuthetha lunyango olusebenzayo kakhulu lokudakumba. Lukwabizwa ngokuba yi-"Talk Therapy." Oku kuquka ukudibana nogqirha wengqondo, ingcali yezengqondo, okanye omnye umcebisi wezempilo yengqondo oqeqeshiweyo ukuze uthethe ngeemvakalelo zakho.
Injongo yolu nyango kuku:
- Ukukunceda uqonde ukuba yintoni ebangela ukudakumba kwakho.
- Ukufundisa indlela yokulawula iimvakalelo zakho nokujongana nazo.
- Ukufundisa iindlela ezintsha zokujongana nemingeni yobomi.
Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango lokuthetha
Olu nyango lungenziwa ngendlela ekufaneleyo.
- Unyango lomntu ngamnye: Nguwe kuphela kunye nogqirha othatha inxaxheba.
- Unyango lwamaqela: Ukuthetha nabanye abajongene neengxaki ezifanayo nezakho yindlela entle yokuziva unamandla kwaye uqonde ukuba awuwedwa.
- Unyango lwezibini: Lunceda iqabane lakho liqonde imeko yakho.
- Unyango losapho: Lukufundisa indlela intsapho yakho enokuxhasa ngayo.
Phakathi kweendlela eziphambili zonyango , iCognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) kunye neInterpersonal Therapy zezona zidumileyo. I-CBT ikunceda uchonge iindlela zakho zokucinga ezimbi kwaye uzitshintshe.
Ziziphi ezinye iindlela zonyango?
Ukongeza kumayeza kunye nonyango lokuthetha, kukho ezinye iindlela zonyango ezahlukeneyo.
Ukuzilolonga
Ukuzilolonga lunyango oluhle kakhulu lokudakumba okuncinci. Ukuzilolonga imizuzu engama-45-60, iintsuku ezi-3-5 ngeveki, kunokunceda ukunciphisa iimpawu. Kodwa khumbula, unokufuna amayeza okanye unyango kunye nokuzilolonga.
Iindlela zokuNyanga zoKuvuselela Ubuchopho
Ezi zisetyenziselwa iimeko ezinzima kakhulu zokudakumba ezingakhange ziphendule naluphi na olunye unyango.
- Unyango lwe-Electroconvulsive (ECT): Nangona igama lisenokuvakala lisoyikisa, olu lunyango olukhuselekileyo noluphucukileyo. Lwenziwa ngelixa uphumle ngokupheleleyo kwaye ulele. Ugqirha uthumela umothuko wombane omfutshane kakhulu, ongenabuhlungu engqondweni yakho. Usetyenziselwa ukubonelela ngeziphumo ezikhawulezayo kwizigulana ezisengozini yokuzenzakalisa kuba ezinye iindlela zonyango zithatha ixesha elide ukusebenza.
- Ukukhuthazwa kweMagnetic okuThunyelwa yiTranscranial (TMS): Oku kuquka ukubeka i-magnetic coil phezu kwekhakayi kunye nokuvuselela iindawo zengqondo ezilawula imeko yeemvakalelo. Akudingi i-anesthesia.
- Ukukhuthazwa kweNerve yeVagus (VNS): Isixhobo esincinci sifakwa ngotyando phantsi kwesikhumba sesifuba, nto leyo evuselela umthambo wevagus entanyeni.
Zonke ezi ndlela zonyango zenziwa phantsi kweliso loogqirha abaziingcali. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba uyabadinga na okanye awubadingi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukudakumba akubobuthathaka, sisifo esinokunyangeka.
- Kungathatha ixesha ukufumana unyango olufanelekileyo (amayeza, unyango) kuwe, ngoko ke yiba nomonde.
- Ungaze uqale, uyeke, okanye utshintshe umthamo wamayeza ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha wakho.
- Xelela ugqirha wakho malunga neminye imithi okanye izongezo ozisebenzisayo.
- Unyango oluthethwayo kunye nomthambo zizinto ezibalulekileyo kunyango njengamayeza.
- Ukucela uncedo kuyakunika amandla. Kukho abantu abanokukunceda. Awuwedwa.
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