Umbuzo abantu abaninzi abaphila ne-Type 2 Diabetes abanawo ngulo, "Ngaba ndifanele ndiqhubeke ndisebenzisa eli yeza? Okanye ndilitshintshe?" Mhlawumbi nawe ukhe wazibuza ngale nto. Mhlawumbi amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho awalawulwa kakuhle, okanye mhlawumbi amayeza akho abangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Namhlanje, masithethe ngexesha onokufuna ukutshintsha amayeza akho eswekile.
Ufanele ucinge nini ngokutshintsha amayeza?
Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba ugqirha wakho agqibe ekubeni atshintshe isicwangciso sakho sonyango. Ezibini ezibaluleke kakhulu ngamanqanaba angalawulekiyo eswekile egazini kunye nemiphumo emibi evela kumayeza.
Iswekile Ephezulu Egazini
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kwisifo seswekile kukugcina amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho ekwinqanaba elithile. Kulapho kuphela apho unokunciphisa khona iingxaki ezinokubangelwa sisifo seswekile. Ukuba amanqanaba eswekile yakho akalawulwa liyeza olisebenzisayo ngoku kwaye aqhubeka nokuba phezulu, ugqirha wakho unokutshintsha idosi yeyeza okanye wongeze iyeza elitsha.
Khawucinge nje, iyeza owaqala ngalo ekuqaleni lalilawula kakuhle amanqanaba akho eswekile. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, elo yeza lodwa lisenokunganeli. Yinto eqhelekileyo leyo. Emva koko, ukuba iyeza elinye alanelanga, ugqirha uya kongeza elesibini. Ukuba amabini alanelanga, kunokongezwa elesithathu.
Iswekile Ephantsi Egazini
Amanye amayeza eswekile anokubangela ukuba amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho ehle kakhulu. Ngokwezonyango, oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-hypoglycemia . Xa oku kusenzeka, unokufumana iimpawu ezinje ngokungcangcazela, ukubila kakhulu, isiyezi, kunye nokudideka . Oku kunokuba yingozi.
Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu rhoqo, qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ngazo. Usenokukwazi ukunciphisa umthamo wamayeza akho okanye akutshintshele kwenye iyeza.
Amayeza kunye nemiphumo yawo emibi
Ukuba uneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziphazamisa ubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla okanye ezibangela iingxaki ngamanye amayeza owasebenzisayo, oko kusenokuba sisizathu sokutshintsha amayeza esifo seswekile. Kodwa khumbula, xa uqala amanye amayeza amatsha, unokufumana iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci ekuqaleni njengoko umzimba wakho uqhela aze aphele. Kodwa ukuba ziyaqhubeka okanye zinzima, thetha nogqirha wakho.
Ngoku makhe sijonge amayeza asetyenziswa kakhulu kwisifo seswekile, indlela asebenza ngayo, kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubangela.
| Udidi lweziyobisi | Inkcazo kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo |
|---|---|
| IiBiguanides Umzekelo: I-Metformin | Eli liyeza lokuqala lesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini. Lenza umzimba usebenzise i-insulin ngokufanelekileyo. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga: Isicaphucaphu, ukuqunjelwa, ukudumba, urhudo, ukungabikho kwevithamini B12. (Ezi zinokuncitshiswa ngokuthatha amayeza kunye nokutya). Imeko embi kodwa engaqhelekanga: I-Lactic Acidosis. Funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinje ngobunzima bokuphefumla, iintlungu ezingaqhelekanga zemisipha, okanye ukudinwa kakhulu. |
| IiSulfonylureas Umzekelo, iGlimepiride, iGlipizide | Inceda ipancreas ivelise i-insulin engakumbi. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga: Iswekile ephantsi egazini (i-hypoglycemia), ukunyuka kobunzima, ukurhawuzelela kolusu, umchamo omnyama. |
| I-Meglitinides Umzekelo: iRepaglinide | Oku kunceda ipancreas ukuba ivelise i-insulin, kodwa umphumo uhlala ixesha elifutshane. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga: Iswekile ephantsi egazini (iHypoglycemia), ukutyeba. |
| I-Thiazolidinediones (ii-TZD) Umzekelo: iPioglitazone | Iphucula umsebenzi we-insulin emzimbeni. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga: Ukudumba okubangelwa kukugcinwa kwamanzi emzimbeni, ukunyuka kobunzima, kunye nokunyuka kwamanqanaba e-cholesterol embi (LDL). Kukwakho neengxelo zokunxibelelana neemeko ezinzulu ezifana nokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nokuqhekeka kwamathambo. |
| Izithinteli ze-SGLT2 Umzekelo: iDapagliflozin, iEmpagliflozin | Ibangela ukuba izintso zikhuphe iswekile engaphezulu kumchamo. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga: Umngcipheko okhulayo wosulelo lomchamo kunye nemvubelo yesini. Nangona kunjalo, la mayeza afunyenwe enciphisa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo kunye nesifo sezintso. |
| Izithinteli ze-DPP-4 Umzekelo: iSitagliptin, iLinagliptin | Inceda ipancreas ukuba ikhuphe i-insulin emva kokutya. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga: Umphimbo obuhlungu, umkhuhlane, isisu esibuhlungu. Amaxesha amaninzi, iintlungu zamalungu, i-pancreatitis zinokwenzeka. |
| Iingcali ze-GLP-1 kunye ne-GIP/GLP-1 Umzekelo: Semaglutide, Tirzepatide | Ezi ziza ngohlobo lweenaliti okanye iipilisi. Zinceda ekulawuleni amanqanaba eswekile egazini kwaye zikwanceda ekunciphiseni umzimba. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga: isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, urhudo, iintlungu zesisu. |
| Unyango lwe-Insulin | Xa amanye amayeza engaphumeleli ukulawula iswekile egazini, kusenokufuneka ukuba kufakwe i-insulin. Isiphumo esiphambili: Iswekile ephantsi egazini (i-hypoglycemia). Ukongeza, intloko ebuhlungu, iintlungu/ubuhlungu kwindawo yokufakwa inaliti bunokubakho. |
Inqaku elibalulekileyo: Ezi zingentla zezinye zeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo. Uhlobo ngalunye lwamayeza lunokunxibelelana namanye amayeza owasebenzisayo (umz., uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, amayeza e-cholesterol). Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa ugqirha wakho malunga nawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo.
Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila kunye neemeko ezintsha zonyango
Kwanotshintsho kwindlela ophila ngayo lunokuba sisizathu sokutshintsha amayeza akho.
Umzekelo, ukuba unciphisa umzimba okanye uqala ukuzilolonga imihla ngemihla, uvakalelo lomzimba wakho kwi-insulin lunokwanda, kwaye kunokufuneka unciphise umthamo wamayeza akho. Ngokufanayo, ukuba utyeba okanye awusebenzi kakuhle, kunokufuneka unyuse umthamo wamayeza akho okanye wongeze elinye iyeza.
Ukongeza, ukuba unesifo esitsha (umz., isifo sezintso, isifo sesibindi, isifo sentliziyo), amayeza akho esifo seswekile asenokungahambelani namayeza owasebenzisayo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha wakho uya kutshintsha nesicwangciso sakho sonyango lwesifo seswekile.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Kuqhelekile ukuba utshintshe amayeza akho esifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini ngokuhamba kwexesha. Musa ukukhathazeka ngaloo nto.
- Ukulawulwa kakubi kweswekile yegazi, iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, okanye uphuhliso lweemeko ezintsha zonyango kunokukhokelela kutshintsho lwamayeza.
- Ukuba uneengxaki ngamayeza akho, thetha nogqirha wakho ngaloo nto.
- Ungaze uyeke okanye utshintshe umthamo wamayeza akho eswekile ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha. Kunokuba yingozi kakhulu.
- Yazisa ugqirha wakho ngazo zonke ezinye iziyobisi, iivithamini, kunye nezongezo ozithathayo.
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