Kuqhelekile ukuziva ulusizi kwaye uzive uphantsi ngamanye amaxesha ebomini bethu. Kwahlukile kuye wonke umntu. Kodwa ukuba olu sizi noxinzelelo luhlala luhleli, ukuba uziva ulusizi uninzi losuku, kwaye ukuba lukuchaphazela kangangokuba awukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla, lusenokuba yinto engaphezulu nje kosizi oluqhelekileyo. Kwizonyango, silubiza olu hlobo lwengxaki ngokuba yiClinical Depression. Le yimeko enokulawulwa kakuhle ngamayeza, unyango lwengqondo, kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila.
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoxinzelelo. Ezinye zinokubangelwa ziziganeko ebomini bethu. Ezinye zinokubangelwa lutshintsho lweekhemikhali ezingqondweni zethu. Nokuba yintoni na imbangela, inyathelo lokuqala ukuba uziva ngolu hlobo kukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Angakuthumela kwingcali yezempilo yengqondo. Ukuchonga uhlobo loxinzelelo oluchanekileyo onalo kubalulekile ukuze kuchongwe unyango olulungele wena.
Uxinzelelo Olukhulu
Olu lolona hlobo lunzima noluqhelekileyo lokudakumba. Usenokuba ukhe weva ugqirha wakho esithi yi-'Major Depression Disorder' okanye 'Clinical Depression.' Ukuba uziva ulusizi okanye uxhalabile uninzi lwemini, uninzi lwexesha, uninzi lwemini, uninzi lwexesha, usenokuba nale meko.
Ezi zezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo ezibonakala kwi-major depression.
| Uphawu | Icacisiwe ngokulula |
|---|---|
| Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla kwizinto obukade uzonwabela | Uphelelwa ngumdla kwizinto ezifana nokuthetha nabantu obathandayo, ukubukela iTV, okanye ukumamela umculo. |
| Ukunciphisa okanye ukuzuza ubunzima | Utshintsho lobunzima ngaphandle kokulawula ukutya. |
| Utshintsho ebuthongweni | Nokuba ndilala imini yonke, okanye andikwazi ukulala ebusuku. Ndivuka kusasa. |
| Ukusebenza komzimba nengqondo | Abanye abantu baziva bengaphumli kwaye bephazamisekile. Abanye baziva ngathi imizimba yabo ayinabomi kwaye iingqondo zabo zisebenza nzima kakhulu. |
| Ukudinwa | Ndiziva ngathi andinamandla okwenza nantoni na, ndisoloko ndidiniwe. |
| Ukuziva ungento yanto | Kuvela iimvakalelo ezigqithisileyo zokuba netyala, ezinjengokuthi "Andikhathali" kunye nokuthi "Ndimele ndibe noxanduva kuyo yonke into." |
| Ubunzima bokugxila | Kunzima ukwenza isigqibo uze wenze isigqibo, nokuba zizinto ezincinci. |
| Iingcinga zokuphelisa ubomi bakho | Ukuziva ungenathemba ngobomi, unengcinga zokuzibulala okanye ukuzama ukuzibulala. Ukuba uziva uneengcinga ezinjalo, kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko. |
Ukuba ezi mpawu zintlanu okanye ngaphezulu ziyaqhubeka kangangeeveki ezimbini nangaphezulu, ugqirha unokugqiba kwelokuba unesifo sokudakumba okukhulu.
Iintlobo ezincinci zoxinzelelo olukhulu
Indlela esi sifo esifunyanwa ngayo ngumntu wonke inokwahluka, kwaye kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zaso:
- Uxinzelelo oluxhalabileyo: Ukuziva ungaphumli kwaye uxhalabile imini yonke. Ukoyika ukuba kuza kwenzeka into embi kwaye uzive ungalawuleki.
- Ukudakumba: Usizi olunganyamezelekiyo, kunye nomnqweno wokufumana yonke into owawuyithanda ngaphambili. Awunakonwaba nokuba kukho izinto ezilungileyo. Uziva unzima kakhulu, ingakumbi kusasa. Usenokunciphisa umzimba kwaye ulahlekelwe yimdla wokutya.
- Iimpawu ezixutyiweyo: Kunye nokudakumba, kukho umgangatho ophezulu wokwenza izinto. Ukuthetha kakhulu, ukuhambahamba, nokwenza izinto ngokungxama.
Unyango lwengqondo kunye neziyobisi zokudakumba zisetyenziswa njengonyango. Ukudibanisa ezi ndlela zimbini kunokufezekisa iziphumo ezilungileyo kakhulu. Ngamanye amaxesha, kwiimeko ezinzima ezingalawulwa zezi ndlela, oogqirha banokucebisa unyango olukhethekileyo olufana ne-'Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)' kunye ne-'Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)'.
Isifo Soxinzelelo Esiqhubekayo (PDD)
Ukuba uneempawu zokudakumba ezingapheliyo kangangeminyaka emibini nangaphezulu, sizibiza ngokuba yi-PDD. Ngamafutshane, kufana nokudakumba okungapheliyo. Ngaphambili kwakubizwa ngokuba yi-'dysthymia.' Nangona kungengobunzima njengokudakumba okukhulu, kunokuhlala ixesha elide kwaye kunokukuhlutha ukonwaba ebomini.
Khawucinge nje ukuba unomkhuhlane ophantsi ngamaxesha onke. Le yindlela le meko evakalelwa ngayo. Uhlala uziva ulusizi kancinci, unzima, kwaye ungenamdla kuyo nayiphi na into.
Umntu one-PDD unokufumana iimpawu ezifana nezi:
- Utshintsho ekutyeni (ukutya kancinci okanye ngaphezulu)
- Utshintsho ebuthongweni (ukulala kakhulu okanye kancinci kakhulu)
- Ukungabi namandla, ukudinwa rhoqo
- Ukuzijongela phantsi
- Ubunzima bokugxila, ukwenza izigqibo
- Ukuziva ungenathemba ngekamva
Oku kunyangwa nangonyango lwengqondo kunye namayeza, nokuba kudibene okanye ngokwahlukeneyo.
Ukuxhuzula
Abanye abantu babiza oku ngokuba yi-'Manic Depression'. Umntu onesi sifo uba notshintsho lweemvakalelo phakathi kwezinto ezimbini ezigqithisileyo. Oko kukuthi, ngaxa lithile uba kwimeko ephezulu ye-mania enamandla aphezulu kunye nolonwabo, kwaye kwixesha elizayo ngequbuliso awele kwimeko yokudakumba okukhulu.
Ngexesha lesigaba sokudakumba, oko kukuthi, ngexesha lesigaba sokudakumba, baneempawu ezifanayo zokudakumba okukhulu esizixubushileyo ngaphambili.
Ukulawula le meko yengqondo, kunikwa amayeza abizwa ngokuba yi-'mood stabilizers'. Kukho amayeza athile athile okunyanga iziganeko zokudakumba. Kule meko, amayeza okudakumba aqhelekileyo asetyenziswa ngononophelo olukhulu, kuba ngamanye amaxesha anokwenza imeko yengqondo ibe mandundu ngakumbi (mania).
Isifo Sokuphazamiseka Kweemvakalelo Esiphazamisayo (DMDD) ebuntwaneni nasebusheni
Esi sisifo sokudakumba esenzeka ebuntwaneni (abaneminyaka eyi-6-18). Aba bantwana banomsindo ongapheliyo nongalawulekiyo. Bakwanomsindo kakhulu kwaye abaphumli ngamanye amaxesha. Le ndlela yokuziphatha inzima kangangokuba inempembelelo enkulu ekhaya, esikolweni, kwanakwibudlelwane nabahlobo. I-DMDD ifunyaniswa xa ezi mpawu zikhona kangangeenyanga ezili-12 nangaphezulu. Unyango loku luquka unyango lwengqondo, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, amayeza.
Isifo Sokuchaphazeleka Kwexesha Lonyaka (SAD)
Olu luhlobo loxinzelelo olukhulu. Luyenzeka ngotshintsho lwemozulu. Ludla ngokuvela ebusika, xa iintsuku zimfutshane kwaye ilanga lincinci. Luyanyamalala xa ihlobo liphinda lifika, xa ilanga likhanya ngakumbi.
Kukholelwa ukuba oku kungenxa yotshintsho kwiihomoni ezithi `Serotonin` kunye nethi `Melatonin`, ezilawula ubuthongo bethu kunye neemvakalelo zethu. Xa ukukhanya kwelanga kuncipha, imizimba yethu ivelisa i-`Melatonin` engaphezulu kwaye inciphise i-`Serotonin`. Olu tshintsho lubangela usizi, ukozela, kunye notshintsho lokuziphatha. Amayeza okudakumba, unyango lwengqondo, ngakumbi unyango olukhanyayo zisetyenziswa njengonyango loku.
Uxinzelelo lwengqondo
Abantu abanale meko babonakalisa "iimpawu zengqondo" ukongeza kwiimpawu zokudakumba okukhulu.
- Izinto ezingabonakaliyo: Ukubona okanye ukuva izinto ezingekhoyo ngokwenene.
- Iingcamango ezingezizo ezokwenyani: Iinkolelo eziqinileyo ngezinto ezingeyonyani.
- I-paranoia: Inkolelo ephosakeleyo yokuba abanye abantu bazama ukukulimaza.
Le yimeko embi kakhulu. Ngenxa yoku, amayeza okudakumba kunye namayeza okulwa nesifo sengqondo asetyenziswa kunye.
Uxinzelelo lwangaphambi kokubeleka kunye nolwasemva kokubeleka
Uxinzelelo lwangaphambi kokubeleka
Utshintsho lweehomoni ngexesha lokukhulelwa lunokubangela ukuba abanye abafazi babe nosizi olukhulu kunye nexhala elihlala iintsuku ezingaphezu kwezimbalwa. Oku akuqhelekanga kwaye kufuna unyango. Lo mngcipheko uphezulu kakhulu kubafazi abanembali yokugula ngengqondo, abaye bahlangabezana neziganeko ezixinzelelekileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kwaye abangenayo inkxaso evela kumaqabane abo okanye kusapho.
Uxinzelelo lwasemva kokubeleka (PPD)
Oku kubizwa ngabantu abaninzi ngokuba yi "postpartum depression." Ukuva kabuhlungu kancinci kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuba nomntwana (usana olubuhlungu) kuyinto eqhelekileyo. Kodwa ukuba unesizungu esikhulu, ukuphelelwa lithemba, kunye nexhala elihlala ixesha elingaphezu kweeveki ezimbini, isenokuba yi-PPD. Ezi mvakalelo zinokuba nzulu kangangokuba zinokwenza kube nzima kumama ukuba asondelelane nomntwana wakhe okanye asebenze ubomi bakhe bemihla ngemihla.
Ukuba uvakalelwa ngolu hlobo, awuwedwa. Le yimeko eyenzeka koomama abaninzi. Asikuko ukuba unetyala. Nceda ungazityesheli ezi mpawu. Bona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Eyona meko inzima nengaqhelekanga yi-'Postpartum Psychosis'. Kwimeko enjalo, umama unokufumana imibono ephosakeleyo kunye neengcinga zokuzilimaza yena okanye umntwana. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango. Kufuneka kufunwe uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo yesibhedlele (ETU).
Ezinye iimeko zokudakumba
- Ingxaki Yokungakwazi Ukuya Exesheni Ngaphambi Kokuya Exesheni (PMDD): Le yimeko apho abafazi bafumana iimpawu zokudakumba okukhulu kunye nezinye iimpawu (ezifana nomsindo omkhulu kunye nokuxhalaba) kwiveki okanye ezimbini ngaphambi kokuba baye exesheni. Inzima kakhulu kune-PMS eqhelekileyo.
- 'Uxinzelelo oluPhakathi': Eli asilogama lisemthethweni lezonyango. Nangona kunjalo, eli gama lisetyenziselwa ukuchaza imeko yosizi eyenzeka ngenxa yesiganeko esixinezelekileyo ebomini bethu (umz., ukufa kusapho, ukulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi, uqhawulo-mtshato, ukungaphumeleli kwiimviwo). Ingcebiso inokuba yindlela entle yokusinceda siphinde siphile kule meko.
- Uxinzelelo Olungamelaniyo Nonyango: Abanye abantu banengxaki yokulawula uxinzelelo lwabo nangona bezama unyango oluninzi. Oku akuthethi ukuba awunakunyangwa. Kuthetha nje ukuba kufuneka usebenze nzima nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane unyango olukulungeleyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukudakumba kungaphezulu nje kokuva kabuhlungu, sisifo esinzulu esifuna unyango.
- Ukuba unentlungu okanye ixhala elinganyamezelekiyo kangangeeveki ezingaphezu kwembini, okanye ukuba kwenza kube nzima ukusebenza imihla ngemihla, musa ukulibala.
- Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zoxinzelelo, kwaye ukuchonga uhlobo onalo kubalulekile ukuze ufumane unyango olufanelekileyo.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uneengcinga zokuzibulala, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Ngonyango olufanelekileyo (amayeza, ingcebiso) kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila (ukuzilolonga, ukutya okunempilo), ukudakumba kunokulawulwa ngempumelelo kwaye kuphile ngolonwabo. Inyathelo lokuqala kukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto.
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