Ngaba umntwana wakho one-autism uyaya esikolweni? Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uvakalelwa kukuba unengxaki yokwenza umsebenzi wesikolo? Mhlawumbi ufuna uncedo oluncinci lokunxulumana nabanye abantwana, ukufunda into entsha, okanye ukulawula indlela aziphatha ngayo . Namhlanje sithetha ngesicwangciso semfundo ekhethekileyo esenzelwe abantwana abaneemfuno ezizodwa. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpumelelo yomntwana esikolweni.
Kalula nje, yintoni le IEP?
Kumazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi liphela, kukho iinkqubo ezisemthethweni ezisebenza ukubonelela ngemfundo elungileyo kubantwana abaneemfuno ezizodwa. Enye yezona zibalulekileyo kwezi sisicwangciso semfundo esilungiselelwe iimfuno zomntwana ngamnye. Sidla ngokubiza oku ngokuthi yiNkqubo yeMfundo yoMntu ngamnye , okanye (IEP) ngamafutshane.
Ngamafutshane, i-IEP ifana nemephu yendlela eyenzelwe umntwana wakho ngokukodwa, eyenzelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zakhe zemfundo.
Olu asiloxwebhu nje kuphela. Esi sicwangciso sichaza ngokucacileyo ukuba zeziphi iinkonzo zemfundo ekhethekileyo umntwana azidingayo, zeziphi iinjongo ekufuneka azifezekise, kunye nendlela yokufika apho. Injongo ephambili kukunceda umntwana aphuhle ngokupheleleyo kangangoko kunokwenzeka aze aphumelele esikolweni.
Ndingazi njani ukuba umntwana wam uyafaneleka ukufumana i-IEP?
Ngaphambi kokuba umntwana wakho enzelwe i-IEP, kukho inkqubo yokumisela ukuba ufuna iinkonzo zemfundo ekhethekileyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo .
1. Isicelo: Ukuze uqale le nkqubo, wena, njengomzali, okanye utitshala kwisikolo somntwana wakho, ungacela uvavanyo lomntwana wakho. Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki yokufunda, iingxaki zokuziphatha, okanye uneengxaki esikolweni ngenxa ye-Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), ungathetha nenqununu yesikolo okanye notitshala weklasi ngale nto.
2. Ukuqhuba uvavanyo: Olu vavanyo ludla ngokwenziwa liqela leengcali ezisebenzisana nesikolo. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha unokuba nengcali yangaphandle, njengogqirha wezifo zabantwana okanye ingcali yengqondo, ukuba yenze olu vavanyo. Yiyo le nto eya kuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana uyazifuna ngokwenene iinkonzo zemfundo ekhethekileyo kunye nohlobo lweenkonzo azidingayo.
3. Uvavanyo Oluzimeleyo: Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye awuvumelani novavanyo olwenziwe sisikolo, ungacela uVavanyo Oluzimeleyo.Cela. Yenziwa ngumntu ongaphandle ongengomntu onxulumene nesikolo.
Emva kolu vavanyo, ukuba kufunyaniswe ukuba umntwana wakho udinga iinkonzo zemfundo ekhethekileyo, inyathelo elilandelayo kukudala isicwangciso se-IEP.
Yenziwa njani le sicwangciso se-IEP?
Emva kovavanyo, inyathelo elilandelayo yintlanganiso ye-IEP . Oku kuyimfuneko ngokomthetho. Ekubeni zonke iinkalo zemfundo yomntwana zixoxwa kule ntlanganiso, abantu abaninzi bayathatha inxaxheba. Eli qela liyadibana ukuze ligqibe ukuba yintoni elungele umntwana.
Ngubani okwiqela le-IEP?
| Umthathi-nxaxheba | Indima kunye nokubaluleka |
|---|---|
| Wena (abazali/abagcini) | Umazi kakuhle umntwana wakho. Uyaqonda kakuhle amandla akhe, ubuthathaka bakhe kunye nezinto azithandayo. |
| Utitshala wegumbi lasekhaya | Inika ulwazi malunga nendlela umntwana aziphatha ngayo eklasini kunye nendlela afunda ngayo. |
| Utitshala wemfundo ekhethekileyo | Sinikezela ngolwazi oluyingcali malunga neendlela zokufundisa kunye nezixhobo ezifunekayo kubantwana abaneemfuno ezizodwa. |
| Ummeli wesikolo (umz. inqununu) | Kuthathwa izigqibo malunga nezixhobo kunye neenkonzo ezifumanekayo esikolweni. |
| Ezinye iingcali (ukuba kuyimfuneko) | Ingcali yokuthetha, ingcali yokuthetha ngomsebenzi, ingcali yezengqondo, ugqirha, njl. |
| Umntwana (kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka kunye nokukwazi kwakhe) | Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunika umntwana ithuba lokuveza izimvo zakhe. |
Ulungiselela njani intlanganiso ye-IEP?
Njengomzali, kubalulekile ukuba uye kule ntlanganiso ulungiselele kakuhle. Ungabuza umntwana wakho imibuzo elula efana nale ukuze ufumane iingcinga zakhe:
- "Sesiphi isifundo osithandayo esikolweni?"
- "Yeyiphi into eyayinzima kuwe esikolweni?"
- "Yeyiphi eyona nto ilula kuwe esikolweni?"
Kwakhona, lungiselela imibuzo oza kuyibuza iqela. Umzekelo, ungoyiki ukubuza imibuzo efana nokuthi, "Umntwana wam uza kuzuza njani koko ukucebisayo?" okanye "Zeziphi iinkonzo eziza kuba luncedo kakhulu kuye?"
Emva kokubhala isicwangciso se-IEP, kufuneka sihlolwe ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka . Oko kukuthi, inkqubela yomntwana kufuneka ijongwe kwaye isicwangciso kufuneka sihlengahlengiswe ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Ziziphi iingenelo ze-IEP kumntwana one-autism?
Indlela i-autism echaphazela ngayo imfundo yomntwana iyahluka ukusuka kumntu ukuya komnye. Ngokusebenzisa isicwangciso se-IEP esiyilwe kakuhle, umntwana unokukhula ngokwezemfundo, ngokwentlalo, nangokwendlela yokuziphatha.
Khawucinge nje, isicwangciso se-IEP somntwana one- autism sinokuba neenjongo ezifana nezi:
| Uhlobo lwethagethi | Imizekelo |
|---|---|
| Ezemfundo | Ukufunda izakhono ezintsha zezibalo ezifana nokudibanisa nokuthabatha. |
| Ezentlalo | Ukuphuhlisa izakhono ezinjengokudlala nokusebenzisana kakuhle nabanye abantwana kwimisebenzi yamaqela. |
| Ukuziphatha | Endaweni yokuziphatha okungafanelekanga njengokukhwaza nokubetha, ziqhelise ukuziphatha okufanelekileyo njengokucela uncedo. |
| Izakhono Zokuqhuba Iimoto | Ukuphuhlisa isakhono sokubhala kakuhle okanye isakhono sokwenza izinto ngokuzimela (izakhono ze-ADL). |
Injongo nganye kwezi yahlulwe yaya kumanyathelo anokulinganiswa . Kulapho ke inkqubela yomntwana inokulinganiswa ngokuchanekileyo. Umzekelo, kunokubakho injongo ecacileyo efana nale "Xa usebenza nomntu ngamnye notitshala wemfundo ekhethekileyo, umntwana kufuneka akwazi ukuthabatha amanani aneenombolo ezimbini ngokuchanekileyo kwe-90%.
Njengoko umntwana wakho ekhula, kubalulekile ukubabandakanya kwinkqubo ye-IEP, ukuba banako. Oku kuya kumnceda afunde ukuzithethelela nokuvakalisa iimfuno zakhe. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, abanye abantwana bayakwazi ukuchonga iingxaki zabo baze bazincede bazibekele iinjongo.
Okubaluleke kakhulu, i-IEP luxwebhu olusemthethweni oluqinisekisa iinkonzo umntwana wakho aza kuzifumana. Ngoko ke, ukuba umntwana wakho ufuna iinkonzo ezikhethekileyo, ezinje ngengcebiso, unyango lomsebenzi, okanye unyango lomzimba, i-IEP kufuneka ichaze ngokucacileyo ukuba ezo nkonzo ziya kunikwa ixesha elingakanani kwaye kangaphi. Ukuba uneengxaki, thetha nogqirha womntwana wakho ngazo.
Okokugqibela, njengoko umntwana efikelela kwinqanaba lokufikisa, isicwangciso se-IEP singamnceda ukuba atshintshele ekubeni ngumntu omdala. Xa emalunga neminyaka eli-16 ubudala, esi sicwangciso singabandakanya neenkonzo zotshintsho azidingayo emva kwesikolo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-IEP (Inkqubo yeMfundo yoMntu ngamnye) sisicwangciso semfundo somntu siqu esenzelwe ngokukodwa umntwana oneemfuno ezizodwa, ezifana ne-autism.
- Lo ngumzamo weqela phakathi kwabazali, ootitshala kunye neengcali. Njengomzali, ulilungu elibalulekileyo kweli qela.
- Esi sicwangciso sifanele sichonge amandla nobuthathaka bomntwana kwaye siquke iinjongo ezilinganisekayo nezicacileyo ezifanelekileyo kuye.
- Njengomzali, unelungelo lokubuza imibuzo, ukuveza izimvo zakho, kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba ngokupheleleyo kule nkqubo.
- Esi sicwangciso kufuneka sihlolwe ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka kwaye sihlaziywe ukuze sihambelane nophuhliso lomntwana.
- Injongo ephambili kukubonelela umntwana ngenkxaso ayidingayo ukuze abe ngumntu ophumelelayo nowonwabileyo esikolweni nakwixesha elizayo.
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