Emva kokuba ugqirha wakho eqinisekisile ukuba une-HIV, kusenokwenzeka ukuba uxelelwe ukuba uqale ukusebenzisa olu didi lwamayeza. Ekubeni lunamagama amathathu (i-Efavirenz, i-Lamivudine, i-Tenofovir), ekuqaleni lunokubonakala ludida kancinci. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Olu ludidi olusebenzayo kakhulu lwamayeza asetyenziswa ukulawula i-HIV kwihlabathi liphela. Ke namhlanje, masithethe ngale mayeza, indlela esebenza ngayo emzimbeni, indlela yokuwasela, kunye nento ekufuneka uyilumkele ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene ngolu hlobo lokudibanisa amayeza?
Ngamafutshane, le yindibaniselwano yeentlobo ezintathu zamayeza. Sibiza la mayeza ngokuthi "amayeza okulwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo." Oko kwenziwa yile pilisi kukuthintela intsholongwane kaGawulayo emzimbeni wakho ukuba ingasasazeki ngakumbi, oko kukuthi, ilawula intsholongwane ukuba ingaphindaphindani.
Cinga ngentsholongwane kaGawulayo njengotshaba oluhlasela inkqubo yokuzikhusela yomzimba wakho (inkqubo yokuzikhusela). Eli yeza linciphisa amandla alo tshaba kwaye liwagcine elawulwa. Oku kuvumela inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela ukuba isebenze ngamandla kwakhona.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo: Eli yeza aliyinyangi ngokupheleleyo i-HIV. Oko kukuthi, aliyisusi ngokupheleleyo intsholongwane emzimbeni. Kodwa lilawula ukusasazeka kwentsholongwane emzimbeni kakuhle, likunceda uphile ubomi obude, obusempilweni, nobuqhelekileyo.
Enye into ekufuneka uyikhumbule kukuba nokuba usela eli yeza, umngcipheko wokudlulisela i-HIV komnye umntu awupheli ngokupheleleyo. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka nokulandela iindlela zesondo ezikhuselekileyo. Kwakhona, eli yeza alikhuseli kwezinye izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (ii-STI).
Izinto ekufuneka uzixelele ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale eli yeza
Ngaphambi kokuba ugqirha wakho akunike eli yeza, kuya kufuneka azi imbali yakho epheleleyo yempilo. Ngoko ke ukuba unenye yezi meko zidweliswe ngezantsi, qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho. Musa ukufihla nantoni na, kuba ibaluleke kakhulu kukhuseleko lwakho.
| Isifo okanye ezinye izinto | Kutheni oko kubalulekile? |
|---|---|
| Iingxaki zamathambo (umz., i-osteoporosis) | Isithako esikweli yeza, iTenofovir, ngamanye amaxesha sinokuchaphazela uxinano lwamathambo. |
| Isifo sentliziyo | Kwezinye iimeko, isingqisho sentliziyo sinokuchaphazeleka. |
| Imbali yeengxaki zempilo yengqondo (ezifana nokudakumba, ixhala) okanye ukusebenzisa kakubi iziyobisi | Isithako se-Efavirenz sinokuchaphazela impilo yengqondo. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela oku ukuba ukhe waba neengxaki ngaphambili. |
| I-Pancreatitis | Eli yeza alinakubangela i-pancreatitis. Umngcipheko uphezulu ukuba ukhe wayisebenzisa ngaphambili. |
| Ukuxhuzula okanye ukuxhuzula (Ukuxhuzula) | Ngenxa yokuba eli yeza linokuchaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo, kufuneka uqaphele ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba uxhuzule. |
| Ukunganyamezelani kwamanye amayeza, ukutya okanye izinto | Kubalulekile ukusazisa ukuba unayo nayiphi na i-allergies kwizithako zale yeza okanye nantoni na enye. |
| Ukuba uzama ukukhulelwa okanye ukhulelwe | Ufanele uthethe nogqirha wakho malunga nokhuseleko lwale mithi ngexesha lokukhulelwa. |
| Ukuba umntwana uncanciswa | Eli yeza linokudluliselwa kumntwana ngobisi lwebele, ngoko ke thetha nogqirha wakho ngalo mba. |
Yeyiphi indlela engcono yokusela amayeza?
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyilandele ngokuchanekileyo. Ukuze ufumane okuninzi kwiyeza, kufuneka ulithathe kanye njengoko kubhaliwe.
- Yisele ngamanzi: Ginya le pilisi yonke ngeglasi yamanzi.
- Yitya ungenanto esiswini: Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Kufuneka uthathe iyezaYithathe ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokutya, okanye iiyure ezi-2 emva kokutya. Iyeza lifunxwa ngcono ngumzimba xa lithathwa ungatyanga.
- Yisele ngaphambi kokulala: Ngokwesiqhelo, ukusela eli yeza ngaphambi kokulala kuthetha ukuba naluphi na uvalo okanye ukozela okunokubangelwa liyeza kuya kwenzeka ngelixa ulele, ngoko ke akuyi kuphazamisana nemisebenzi yakho yasemini.
- Musa ukutsiba iidosi nangasiphi na isizathu: Sela amayeza akho ngexesha elifanayo yonke imihla, kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele. Ukutsiba iidosi kunokubangela ukuba intsholongwane ye-HIV imelane namayeza. Oku kungenza kungekuphela nje eli yeza kodwa namanye amayeza e-HIV angasebenzi emzimbeni wakho. Oku kuyingozi kakhulu.
- Musa ukuyeka de ugqirha wakho akuxelele ukuba: Nokuba uzive uphilile kangakanani na, qhubeka nokuthatha olu nyango de ugqirha wakho akuxelele ukuba uyeke.
Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba ugqithisile ?
Ukuba ucinga ukuba uthathe iipilisi ezingaphezulu kunokuba ucinga, ungalibazisi. Yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (i-ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane nawe ngoko nangoko. Okanye utsalele umnxeba iZiko loLwazi lweePoison kwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke saseColombo ukuze ufumane ingcebiso.
Yintoni omawuyenze ukuba uphoswe yidosi yeyeza?
Sonke siyazilibala ngamanye amaxesha. Musa ukukhathazeka ukuba uphoswe yidosi.
- Thatha idosi oyiphosileyo ngokukhawuleza nje ukuba uyakhumbula.
- Nangona kunjalo, ukuba sele kusondele ixesha lomthamo wakho olandelayo xa ukhumbula, yeka umthamo ophosiweyo uze uthathe umthamo olandelayo ngexesha elicwangcisiweyo.
- Musa ukuthatha iidosi eziphindwe kabini ukuze ubuyisele idosi oyiphosileyo.
Izinto ezikhethekileyo ekufuneka uziqaphele xa usebenzisa amayeza
Udinga ukunyamekela impilo yakho ngakumbi ngelixa usebenzisa eli yeza.
- Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kwezonyango: Ugqirha wakho uya kukucela ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwegazi. Yenza zonke ezo vavanyo ngexesha. Ziya kukunceda ubone indlela amayeza achaphazela ngayo umzimba wakho, ukuba intsholongwane iyalawuleka na, nokuba amalungu akho anjengesibindi sakho kunye nezintso asebenza kakuhle na.
- Iimpendulo ezinzulu zesikhumba: Abanye abantu banokuba neempendulo eziqatha zesikhumba kwiiveki okanye kwiinyanga ezimbalwa emva kokuqalisa eli yeza. Ukuba unomkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba, amabala abomvu okanye amfusa eluswini lwakho, amadyungudyungu, ulusu oluxobukayo, okanye ii-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo ebusweni bakho, emilebeni, entanyeni, okanye emakhwapheni, bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuqhuba nokusebenzisa oomatshini: Eli yeza linokubangela isiyezi kunye nobunzima bokugxila kwabanye abantu. Ngoko ke, kuphephe ukuqhuba okanye ukusebenzisa oomatshini ude wazi kakuhle ukuba eli yeza likuchaphazela njani.
- Ukusetyenziswa kotywala:Ukusela eli yeza kunye notywala kunokunyusa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nesiyezi kunye nokozela. Kwakhona akulunganga kwisibindi sakho.
- IHepatitis B: Ukuba une-HIV kunye neHepatitis B, ukuyeka eli yeza ngequbuliso kunokwenza iimpawu zakho zeHepatitis B zibe mandundu. Ngoko ke, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuyeka eli yeza.
- Ukuthintela Ukukhulelwa: Ukuba usebenzisa iipilisi zokulawula ukukhulelwa (eziqulethe i-estrogen kunye ne-progestin), ukuthatha eli yeza kunokunciphisa ukusebenza kwazo. Ngoko ke, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokusebenzisa olunye uhlobo lokulawula ukukhulelwa, njengeekhondom, ukongeza ekusebenziseni zona.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zeyeza
Njengayo nayiphi na iyeza, oku kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu ozifumanayo. Ezinye ziyingozi, ngelixa ezinye ziqhelekile. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi ezi zinto kwaye ufune iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba ubona into eyingozi.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu ekufuneka zixelwe kugqirha ngoko nangoko
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezingezantsi, bonana nogqirha okanye uye esibhedlele ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
| Imiphumela | Indlela oziva ngayo |
|---|---|
| Iimpendulo ze-Allergic | Ukurhawuzelela kwesikhumba, ukurhawuzelela, ukudumba kobuso, imilebe, ulwimi okanye umqala, ubunzima bokuphefumla. |
| Ukulimala kwesibindi | Intlungu kwicala eliphezulu lasekunene lesisu, ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya, isicaphucaphu, indle ekhanyayo, umchamo otyheli okanye omdaka omnyama, ukutyheli kwamehlo okanye ulusu, kunye nokudinwa kakhulu. |
| Utshintsho lwengqondo kunye nokuziphatha | Uxinzelelo olukhulu, ukungazinzi, ukudideka, ukubona izinto ezingekhoyo, umsindo, iingcinga zokuzibulala, ukudakumba. |
| I-Pancreatitis | Intlungu ebuhlungu esiswini ephuma emqolo, intlungu eba mandundu xa usitya okanye uchukumisa isisu, umkhuhlane, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokuhlanza. |
| Ukulimala Kwezintso | Ukuncipha kokuphuma komchamo, ukudumba kwamaqatha, izandla, okanye iinyawo. |
| I-Lactic Acidosis (ukwanda kwe-lactic acid egazini) | Intlungu okanye ukuqina kwemisipha, iintlungu zesisu, ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukungonwabi ngokubanzi kunye nokudinwa. |
| Iingxaki zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo | Ukuba ndindisholo okanye iintlungu emalungeni, ubuthathaka bemisipha, utshintsho embonweni, ubunzima bokuthetha, ubunzima bokuhamba, ukuxhuzula. |
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo kodwa kufuneka zixelwe kugqirha ukuba ziyaqhubeka
Ezi zifo zihlala ziphela emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, kodwa ukuba ziyaqhubeka okanye zikukhathaza kakhulu, thetha nogqirha wakho.
- Umqolo obuhlungu
- Urhudo
- Intloko ebuhlungu
- Isicaphucaphu
- Intlungu yesisu
- Ukungalali okanye amaphupha angaqhelekanga
Amanye amayeza angafanele asetyenziswe kunye nale yeza kwaye anokubangela iingxaki
Le yinxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu. Kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ngazo zonke ezinye iziyobisi ozisebenzisayo (kuquka iivithamini kunye namayeza esintu). Amanye amayeza anokuchaphazela eli yeza le-HIV aze abangele iingxaki ezinkulu.
Amayeza angafanele asetyenziswe kunye:
- Naliphi na elinye iyeza eliqulethe izithako ezikweli yeza (efavirenz, emtricitabine, lamivudine, tenofovir)
- I-Disopyramide
- I-Elbasvir; i-grazoprevir
- I-Rifapentine
- I-Voriconazole
Amanye amayeza anokubangela iingxaki (xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba uwasebenzisa la mayeza):
- Amayeza okwehlisa i-cholesterol (umz., i-Atorvastatin, i-Simvastatin)
- Ii-antibiotics (umz. iClarithromycin, iRifampin)
- Amayeza okulwa nefungus (umz. iKetoconazole, iItraconazole)
- Amayeza esifo sentliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (umz. iDiltiazem, iVerapamil)
- Amayeza okulwa nokuxhuzula (umz. iCarbamazepine, iPhenytoin)
- Amayeza okugula ngengqondo (umz. iBupropion, iSertraline)
- Izithomalalisi zentlungu (i-NSAIDS) (umz. i-Ibuprofen, i-Naproxen)
- I-Warfarin (i-blood thinner)
- Amayeza e-HIV okanye ezinye izifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane
Olu luhlu aluphelelanga, ngoko ke kungcono ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngazo zonke amayeza owasebenzisayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Eli yeza lilawula ukusasazeka kwentsholongwane kaGawulayo emzimbeni wakho. Alinyangi esi sifo, kodwa likunceda uphile ubomi obusempilweni.
- Sela iyeza ungenanto esiswini , ngexesha elifanayo yonke imihla, njengoko ugqirha etshilo. Ungaze ulibale idosi.
- Xelela ugqirha wakho ngezinye izifo onazo kunye nezinye amayeza owasebenzisayo.
- Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu, ezinje ngokungezwani nolusu kakhulu, iingxaki zesibindi, okanye utshintsho olukhulu engqondweni, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuba uziva unesizungu okanye udandathekile ngelixa usebenzisa eli yeza, thetha nogqirha wakho, ilungu losapho, okanye umhlobo othembekileyo. Awuwedwa.
- Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, ungaphila ngempumelelo ne-HIV.
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