Ukuphila ne-HIV kunokuba nzima ngamanye amaxesha, kodwa uyazi ukuba ngonyango olufanelekileyo, ungaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobunempilo. Kubalulekile ukuqonda amayeza owasebenzisayo ngeli xesha lonyango. Namhlanje, sithetha ngomxube okhethekileyo wamayeza amathathu e-antiretroviral anokunceda ukulawula i-HIV. Makhe sijonge ukuba yintoni, isebenza njani, kwaye yintoni ekufuneka uyiqaphele.
Masifumanise ukuba yintoni kanye kanye le yeza.
Ngamafutshane, le yindibaniselwano yamayeza amathathu. Oko kukuthi, onke amayeza amathathu okulwa neentsholongwane , i-Emtricitabine, i-Rilpivirine, kunye ne-Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate, aqulethwe kwipilisi enye. Kwilizwe lethu, eli yeza linokufumaneka phantsi kwegama lophawu elithi `Complera`.
Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukunciphisa ubungakanani bentsholongwane kaGawulayo (umthwalo wentsholongwane) emzimbeni wakho, ukuqinisa amajoni akho omzimba, kunye nokukunceda uhlale usempilweni.
Khumbula: Eli yeza lonyango lwe-HIV, hayi unyango. Kwakhona, eli yeza linciphisa umngcipheko wokudlulisela i-HIV kwabanye, kodwa aliyithinteli ngokupheleleyo. Ke ngoko, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqhubeka nokulandela iindlela ezikhuselekileyo.
Izinto ekufuneka uzixelele ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale amayeza
Ngaphambi kokuba ugqibe kwelokuba eli yeza likulungele na, ugqirha wakho kuya kufuneka azi imbali yakho epheleleyo yempilo. Qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba unenye yezi meko zilandelayo:
| Imeko yakho | Kutheni kubalulekile ukwazisa ugqirha? |
|---|---|
| Iingxaki zamathambo (umz. i-osteoporosis) | Iyeza iTenofovir ngamanye amaxesha linokuchaphazela uxinano lwamathambo. |
| Isifo sezintso | Ekubeni la mayeza ekhutshwa emzimbeni ngezintso, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukusebenza kwezintso zakho. |
| Isifo sesibindi, ingakumbi iHepatitis B | Iimpawu zeHepatitis B zinokuba mandundu xa eli yeza liyekiswa. Ukusebenza kwesibindi nako kunokuchaphazeleka. |
| Ukudakumba okanye iingcinga zokuzibulala | Ugqirha kufuneka azi ezinye zezithako ezikweli yeza, kuba zinokubangela utshintsho kwimo yengqondo. |
| Isifo sentliziyo | Kubalulekile ukuba ugqirha azi ngeengxaki ezithile zentliziyo. |
| Ukunganyamezelani kwamanye amayeza, ukutya, okanye izinto | Oku kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba kukho into ekule yeza ebangela ukuba ungabi naso isifo. |
| Ukukhulelwa okanye ukulindela umntwana | Ufanele uxoxe nogqirha wakho ngokusetyenziswa kwale mithi ngexesha lokukhulelwa. |
| Ukuncancisa | Ukuncancisa akukhuthazwa koomama abane-HIV, ngoko ke thetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto. |
Ndingayisebenzisa njani le mithi?
Ukuze ufumane okuninzi kweli yeza, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulisebenzisa ngokuchanekileyo.
- Yithathele nokutya: Yithathele le pilisi neglasi yamanzi xa usitya . Musa ukuyithatha ungenanto esiswini. I-Rilpivirine ifunxwa ngcono ngumzimba xa ithathwa kunye nokutya.
- Yithathe ngexesha: Yenza umkhwa wakho ukusela amayeza akho ngexesha elifanayo yonke imihla. Oku kuya kunceda ukugcina amanqanaba amayeza egazini lakho ehambelana.
- Musa ukulibazisa idosi: Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kunyango lwe-HIV kukuthatha amayeza akho ngaphandle kokuphosa idosi enye. Nokuba uzive ungcono, ungayeki ukuwathatha ade ugqirha wakho akuxelele ukuba wenjenjalo.
- Kutheni kungalunganga ukutsiba iidosi? Ukuba utsiba iidosi, intsholongwane inokukhula ingangeni kweli yeza. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, kuya kuba nzima ukulawula intsholongwane ngeli yeza kunye namanye amayeza e-HIV.
Kuthekani ukuba ndiphoswa lidosi leyeza?
Ukuba ulibele ukuthatha idosi, yithathe kwangoko xa ukhumbula. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba sele kusondele ixesha lokuthatha idosi yakho elandelayo xa ukhumbula (umzekelo, ngaphantsi kweeyure ezili-12), yeka idosi oyiphosileyo uze uthathe idosi yakho elandelayo ngexesha elicwangcisiweyo. Ungaze uthathe idosi ephindwe kabini.
Kuthekani ukuba ndithatha amayeza amaninzi kakhulu?
Ukuba ucinga ukuba uthathe eli yeza kakhulu ngempazamo, ungoyiki. Tsalela umnxeba iZiko loLwazi lweeTyhefu zeSizwe kwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke saseColombo ngoko nangoko. Okanye uye kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele esikufutshane.
Amanye amayeza anokusebenzisana nalo mayeza (Ukusebenzisana kwamayeza)
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuxelela ugqirha wakho malunga nayo yonke imithi, iivithamini, kunye namayeza esintu owasebenzisayo, njengoko amanye amayeza anokuchaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kwala mayeza e-HIV.
| SUKUYISEBENZISA le yeza kunye nantoni na. | |
|---|---|
| Amayeza e-PPI ekunyangela i-gastritis | Amayeza anjenge-Esomeprazole, i-Omeprazole, i-Lansoprazole, kunye ne-Pantoprazole. La mayeza anciphisa kakhulu ukufunxwa kwamayeza e-HIV emzimbeni. |
| Amanye amayeza anikwayo xa umntu exhuzula (amayeza okuxhuzula) | Amayeza afana neCarbamazepine, iPhenobarbital, nePhenytoin. |
| I-Rifampin, i-Rifapentine | Ezi zii-antibiotics ezinikwa isifo sephepha. |
| I-wort yaseSt. John | Yimveliso yemifuno yempilo-ntle yengqondo. |
| I-Dexamethasone | (Ukuba uthatha iidosi ezingaphezu kwesinye ngexesha). |
| Ukuba uthatha ezi zinto, qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho (YAZISA UGQIRHA WAKHO) | |
| Amanye amayeza e-gastritis (i-antacids, i-H2-blockers) | Ii-antacids ezifana neDigene, iGaviscon okanye amayeza afana neFamotidine, iCimetidine. Ezi kufuneka zithathwe kwiiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi okanye emva konyango lwe-HIV. |
| Amanye amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kunye ne-antifungal | Amayeza anjengeClarithromycin kunye neKetoconazole. |
| I-Methadone | Unyango lokuxhomekeka kwiziyobisi. |
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho xa uthatha iyeza
Njengalo naliphi na iyeza, eli yeza linokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwabanye abantu. Ezinye zincinci, ngelixa ezinye zifuna ingqalelo ekhawulezileyo.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu ekufuneka zixelwe kugqirha ngoko nangoko:
- Iimpendulo eziqatha zesikhumba: umkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba, irhashalala ebomvu, ulusu olunamadyungudyungu okanye oluxobukayo. Ukudumba kobuso, imilebe, kunye namaqhuqhuva amancinci entanyeni okanye emakhwapheni.
- Iimpendulo ze-allergy: ukurhawuzelela kwesikhumba, ukurhawuzelela, ii-hives.
- Iimpawu zomonakalo wesibindi: umchamo otyheli okanye omdaka, ukutyheli kwamehlo nolusu, iintlungu kwinxalenye ephezulu ngasekunene yesisu, ukudinwa kakhulu, isicaphucaphu.
- Iimpawu zomonakalo wezintso: Ubunzima bokuchama okanye utshintsho kubungakanani bomchamo oveliswayo.
- Iimpawu zeLactic Acidosis: ubunzima bokuphefumla, iintlungu zemisipha, iintlungu zesisu ezingaqhelekanga, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, isiyezi.
- Utshintsho lwengqondo: ukudandatheka okukhulu, iingcinga zokuzibulala, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo.
- Utshintsho kwisantya sentliziyo: Ukuziva ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza okanye ngendlela engaqhelekanga.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezingezizo ezinzulu, kodwa ezifanele zixelwe kugqirha ukuba ziyaqhubeka:
- Ukuphazamiseka kokulala okanye amaphupha angaqhelekanga
- Intloko ebuhlungu
- Urhudo
- Utshintsho kumbala wolusu (ingakumbi iintende zezandla kunye neenyawo)
- Utshintsho kwindlela amafutha omzimba agcinwa ngayo (umz., ukwanda kwamafutha ajikeleze isisu, umqolo, nesinqe, ukuncitshiswa kwamalungu omzimba).
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na ezinye iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga ezingakhankanywanga kolu luhlu, thetha nogqirha wakho ngazo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Eli yeza lonyango olulawula i-HIV, kodwa aliyinyangi ngokupheleleyo.
- Sela amayeza ngexesha elifanayo yonke imihla, kunye nokutya . Ungaze uphoswe kukutya.
- Qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ngazo zonke ezinye iziyobisi, iivithamini, kunye nezinye iimeko zonyango ozisebenzisayo.
- Funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumana naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, ezinje ngeempendulo eziqatha zesikhumba, ukutyheli kwamehlo, iintlungu zesisu eziqatha, okanye utshintsho lwengqondo.
- Eli yeza limiselwe wena wedwa. Ungaze wabelane ngalo nabanye.
- Ukunxibelelana rhoqo nogqirha wakho nokuya kwiikliniki njengoko kucwangcisiwe kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo-ntle yakho.
👩🏽⚕️ Imibuzo eyongezelelweyo (Ii-FAQ)
💬 Zisetyenziselwa ntoni ii-Emtricitabine, iRilpivirine, kunye neTenofovir (Tenofovir / Odefsey, Complera)?
Olu ludibaniso lwe-ART olusebenza kakuhle kakhulu - i-Antiretroviral Therapy kunye namayeza amathathu amva nje kwipilisi enye (iSingle-tablet Regimen) afumaneka kwiikhemesti ukulwa nentsholongwane 'ye-AIDS / HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus)'! Emva kokusela le pilisi kube kanye ngemini (kunye nokutya), ithintela intsholongwane ye-HIV ukuba iphindaphindeke egazini nge-100%, ilawula intsholongwane ibe ngumthwalo wentsholongwane ongabonakaliyo.
💬 Le pilisi (iComplera/Odefsey) iyithintela njani ngokupheleleyo intsholongwane ye-HIV ekubeni iphindaphindeke (isasazeke)?
Ukuze intsholongwane iphindaphindeke, kufuneka ingene kwenye yeeseli zethu ize ikope umyalezo wayo wokuqala (i-RNA) kwi-DNA yethu. Umatshini osetyenziswa yintsholongwane koku yi-enzyme ye-Reverse Transcriptase. Le pilisi ivela kumacala omabini kwaye ifaka 'izinto ezingalunganga (i-NRTI/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir)' kunye 'namatye okuvimba (i-NNRTI/Rilpivirine)' kuloo matshini. Emva koko intsholongwane ye-HIV ayinakuphinda iphindaphindeke kwaye iba buthathaka.
💬 Zeziphi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye neengozi eziyingozi kakhulu (Isilumkiso seBlack Box) ezinokwenzeka xa uthatha le pilisi ye-HIV?
Eyona ngozi inkulu yala mayeza mathathu ivela kwiTenofovir! Oku kunokubangela ukuba amathambo esigulana anyibilike/aphuke lula (Ukulahlekelwa ngamathambo / I-Osteoporosis) kwaye izintso ziyeke ngokupheleleyo (i-Lactic acidosis / Ubuthi bezintso). Kwakhona, musa ukusela le pilisi ukuba 'ulambile ngaphandle kokutya (isisu esingenanto)' nangasiphi na isizathu! (I-Rilpivirine ayingeni emzimbeni, iyeza alisebenzi)!
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