Ngaba kukho ingxaki entlokweni yakho? Masifunde ngqo nge-encephalitis!

Ngaba wakha weva ngesifo esiyingozi esibangela ukuba ingqondo isuleleke kwaye idumbe? Mhlawumbi omnye wabahlobo bakho okanye amalungu osapho lwakho ukhe waba naso. Le yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi-encephalitis kwezonyango. Enyanisweni sisifo esibi kancinci, kwaye asisisifo esiqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku, kuba ukuba siqatshelwe kwangethuba, sinokunyangwa.

Yintoni i-Encephalitis? Masiyiqonde ngokulula!

Ngamafutshane, i-encephalitis kukudumba okwenzeka ngaphakathi kwengqondo yethu . Kufana nokuba xa sifumana ukwenzakala kwindawo ethile emzimbeni wethu, indawo iba bomvu kwaye idumbe. Kodwa oku kwenzeka engqondweni, eliziko lolawulo lomzimba wethu. Oku kudumba kunokubeka uxinzelelo engqondweni, nto leyo enokuphazamisana nendlela esebenza ngayo ingqondo.

Kukho izizathu ezibini eziphambili zokuba le meko yenzeke. Esinye kukuba ibangelwa lusulelo . Esinye kukuba ibangelwa yingxaki kwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba , oko kukuthi, inkqubo yokuzikhusela komzimba. Nokuba yintoni na imbangela, (i-Encephalitis) yimeko enzima enokuba yingozi ebomini kwaye inokubangela iingxaki zempilo kunye neengxaki zexesha elide. Yiyo loo nto le meko idla ngokufuna ukulaliswa esibhedlele, unyango olukhethekileyo kwiiyunithi zokhathalelo oluphezulu, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha kwaneendlela zokuxhasa ubomi.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-encephalitis?

Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-Encephalitis. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili:

1. I-Encephalitis ebangelwa lusulelo (I-Infectious Encephalitis):

• (I-Viral Encephalitis): Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Le meko inokuvela emva kosulelo olwahlukeneyo lwentsholongwane, olufana nomkhuhlane. Cinga ngayo, xa abanye abantu befumana izifo ezifana ne-masisi kunye ne-mumps, iba nzima kwaye ichaphazele ingqondo, yiyo loo nto.
• (I-Arbovirus Encephalitis): Oku kukhethekile kancinci. Iintsholongwane ezibangela oku zidluliselwa zizilwanyana ezifana neengcongconi, iintakumba, kunye neenkowane. Kwilizwe lethu, akukho mfuneko yokuthetha ngezifo ezidluliselwa ziingcongconi. Njengedengue, iimeko eziyingozi ezifana nale nazo zinokwenzeka.
• I-Encephalitis yeBhaktiriya okanye yeFungal: I-Encephalitis ebangelwa zizifo zebhaktiriya okanye zefungus ayiqhelekanga kakhulu, kodwa inokwenzeka.

2. (I-Autoimmune Encephalitis):

Le yinto engaqhelekanga kakhulu eyenzekayo. Inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, ekufanele ukuba ngumkhuseli wemizimba yethu, ihlasela ngempazamo ubuchopho bethu. Kufana nokuhlasela usapho lwethu. Oku kunokubangela ukudumba kwengqondo kwaye kuchaphazele ukusebenza kwengqondo. Ngamanye amaxesha abantu abanomhlaza nabo banokufumana le meko. Oogqirha bayibiza ngokuba yi- (Paraneoplastic Syndrome) .

Zithini iimpawu ze-Encephalitis? Uyibona njani?

Iimpawu zesi sifo zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-encephalitis. Iimpawu ze-encephalitis ezibangelwa lusulelo zihlala zibonakala ngaphambi kwexesha kunezo ze-autoimmune encephalitis.

Iimpawu zokuqala ze-encephalitis ezibangelwa lusulelo:

• Ukudideka: Ukulahlekelwa zingqondo, ukuziva ungaqondi okwenzekayo.
• Ukozela: Ukuziva ulele ngalo lonke ixesha.
• Ukudinwa: Ukudinwa kakhulu ukuba ndingenza nantoni na.
• Intloko ebuhlungu: Intloko ebuhlungu inokubakho.
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu: Umzimba uba shushu kwaye ube nomkhuhlane ophezulu.
• Ukulahlekelwa zingqondo: Ngamanye amaxesha, ukulahlekelwa zingqondo kunokwenzeka.
• Ukuqina kwentamo okuncinci ukuya kokuphakathi: Kunzima ukugoba intamo, kwaye ivakala iqinile.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza: Ukuphazamiseka kwesisu, ukuziva ngathi uhlanza.
• Ukuxhuzula: Kunokwenzeka ukuba uhlaselwe sisifo sokuxhuzula.

(Autoimmune Encephalitis) luhlobo olukhula kancinci kancinci. Ezinye zeempawu ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla zinokwenzeka nakule meko. Nangona kunjalo, ukongeza, ezinye iimpawu ezinxulumene nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo nazo ziyaboniswa. Nazi:

• Iingxaki zenkumbulo: Ukulibala izinto, ukuba nobunzima bokukhumbula izinto ezindala.
• Utshintsho olubonakalayo kubuntu: Ukuba nomsindo ngequbuliso, ungabi ngumntu ofanayo nowangaphambili.
• Iingxaki zentetho: Intetho engacacanga, ubunzima bokuthetha.
• Ubuthathaka okanye ukungakwazi ukuhamba kwezinye iindawo zomzimba wakho: Kusenokuvakala ngathi ilungu lomzimba liyaphelelwa ngamandla.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo: Zombini iintlobo ze-encephalitis, uhlobo olusulelayo kunye nohlobo lwe-autoimmune, zinokuba yingozi ebomini. Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unezi mpawu, mse esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza. Okanye utsalele umnxeba ku-911. Oku akuyonto yokuyithatha lula.

Ifunyaniswa njani i-encephalitis? Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo?

Xa ubona ugqirha onezi mpawu, baya kuqala bakuhlole ngokwasemzimbeni. Baza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho kunye nokuba sele zikho ixesha elingakanani. Emva koko banokwenza uvavanyo oluthile, olufana nolu:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Oku kungabandakanya (i-CBC - Complete Blood Count) , oluvavanyo olujonga iintlobo zeeseli egazini, kunye ne- (CMP - Comprehensive Metabolic Panel) , oluvavanyo olujonga iikhemikhali ezibalulekileyo emzimbeni.
• Uvavanyo lokufota: Olu vavanyo lunceda ukubona ngaphakathi kwengqondo.
• Iskeni (CT - Computed Tomography)
• Iskeni (i-MRI - iMagnetic Resonance Imaging)
• Ngamanye amaxesha iskeni ekhethekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi- (MEG - Magnetoencephalography) .
• Ukubhoboza iLumbar: Oku kuquka ukuthatha ulwelo oluncinci (ulwelo lomgogodla lwe-cerebral) emgogodleni wakho uze uluhlolisise. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba kukho usulelo okanye ukudumba engqondweni.
• Uvavanyo lwe-neurological: Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo olujonga indlela esebenza ngayo inkqubo yakho ye-nervous.

Olu vavanyo luvumela oogqirha ukuba bafumanise ukuba unesifo se-encephalitis na kwaye yintoni unobangela.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-encephalitis?

Oogqirha banyanga unobangela wesifo kwaye balawule iimpawu eziye zavela. Uninzi lwabantu abane-encephalitis banyangwa esibhedlele. Oku kubavumela ukuba bajonge iimpawu zabo baze bathathe amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza ukuba ziya zisiba mandundu. Unyango luquka:

• Amayeza okuthintela ukuxhuzula: La mayeza anikwa ukulawula ukuxhuzula kwiimeko ezifana ne-autoimmune encephalitis.
• Amayeza okulwa neentsholongwane: Ukuba kufunyenwe ukuba i-encephalitis ibangelwa yintsholongwane, amayeza anjenge -Acyclovir (Zovirax®) ayanikwa.
• Uncedo lokuphefumla: Ukuba imeko (encephalitis) iba mandundu, ukuphefumla kunokuba nzima. Kwimeko enjalo, unokufuna ukunika ioksijini eyongezelelweyo okanye uqhagamshele kumatshini obizwa ngokuba yi (mechanical ventilation) ukuze ukuncede uphefumle.
• Ii-Corticosteroids: Zombini i-encephalitis yentsholongwane kunye ne-autoimmune ibangela ukudumba engqondweni. La mayeza ohlobo lwe-steroid anciphisa ukudumba kwaye anciphise uxinzelelo engqondweni.
• Isondlo sangaphakathi: Ukuba imeko (encephalitis) iba mandundu uze ulahlekelwe zingqondo, awukwazi ukutya. Kwimeko enjalo, isondlo sinikwa ngetyhubhu (ukondla ngetyhubhu).
• I-immune globulin: Olu lunyango olukhethekileyo olunikwa i-Autoimmune Encephalitis.
• Ulwelo olufakwa kwimithambo yegazi (IV): Oku kunceda ekuthinteleni ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
• Inkxaso yempilo yengqondo: I-Encephalitis inokubangela iingxaki zenkumbulo kunye notshintsho lobuntu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iingcebiso kwingcali yezengqondo ngeli xesha.
• Unyango lomzimba: Esi sifo sinokubangela ukulahleka kolungelelwano emzimbeni. Ezi zinokulungiswa ngoncedo lonyango lomzimba.
• I-Plasmapheresis: Olu lolunye unyango olukhethekileyo lwe-Autoimmune Encephalitis.
• Unyango lokuthetha:Ukuba unengxaki yokuthetha ngenxa yeziphumo kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo ezibangelwa yi-encephalitis, ungacela uncedo kugqirha wengqondo.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha kwi-encephalitis?

(I-Encephalitis) Iimpawu zingathatha iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiinyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu. Kungathatha ezinye iinyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu ukuze umntu aphile ngokupheleleyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba le yinkqubo yexesha elide, yokuchacha kwesigulana.

Ngaba i-Encephalitis inganyangeka ngokupheleleyo?

I-Encephalitis inokunyangwa ngamayeza anyanga unobangela oyintloko, njengentsholongwane. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, i-encephalitis inokubangela iingxaki zexesha elide. Oku kunokufuna unyango oluqhubekayo. Umzekelo, iingxaki zokuziphatha, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, okanye ubunzima bokuthetha bunokuqhubeka.

Ingakanani iminyaka yobomi bomntu onesifo se-encephalitis?

Kuxhomekeke ngokwenene kumntu ngamnye. Nangona uninzi lwabantu abafumana i-encephalitis bephila, inokuba sisifo esisongela ubomi. Olunye uphando lubonise ukuba malunga ne-5% yabantu abanyangwa esibhedlele ngenxa ye-encephalitis bayafa. Ngokubanzi, ixesha ophila ngalo emva kokuphola kwi-encephalitis lixhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nezi:

• Unobangela oyintloko: I-Encephalitis ebangelwa ziintsholongwane eziqhelekileyo ezifana neHerpes Simplex idla ngokubangela iingxaki ezingabalulekanga kangako kwaye ngenxa yoko ayinampembelelo ingako kubomi bayo.
• Inqanaba lokudumba: Ukuba kukho ukudumba okukhulu okuchaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo, kunokuchaphazela ubomi bayo bonke.
• Ubudala kunye nempilo iyonke: Abantwana abancinci banethuba elingcono lokuchacha kunabantu abadala. Ukuchacha kunzima ngakumbi kwabo banezifo esele zikhona kunye neenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka.
• Ukuxilongwa kwangethuba kunye nonyango: Okukhona unyango luqalwa ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona iziphumo zingcono. Amathuba okuba ubomi obude bube sempilweni anciphe.

Ukuba une-encephalitis (isifo se-encephalitis), okanye ukuba unyamekela umntu onaso, buza ugqirha ukuba ulindele ntoni.

Ngaba i-encephalitis ebangelwa lusulelo inokuthintelwa?

Usulelo lweentsholongwane kunye neentsholongwane ezithwalwa zizinambuzane zezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela i-encephalitis. Ngoko ke, kukho izinto onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho.

• Ukugonywa: Qinisekisa ukuba ufumana yonke imigonyo yakho ngexesha. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba zeziphi imigonyo ecetyiswayo kuwe.
• Ukhuseleko kwiingcongconi:
• Nxiba impahla yokuzikhusela: Ehlotyeni, nxiba iihempe ezikhaphukhaphu ezineemikhono emide kunye neebhulukhwe ezinde. Nxiba umnqwazi ogquma iindlebe zombini.
• Sebenzisa isixovuli sezinambuzane: Khetha isixovuli sezinambuzane esine -DEET . Landela imiyalelo ekwileyibhile ngokuchanekileyo.
• Gcina indawo okuyo yomile: Iingcongconi zibeka amaqanda azo kwiindawo apho amanzi angami khona. Musa ukuvumela amanzi aqokelele kwiindawo ezifana neembiza zeentyatyambo kunye neembiza zenkunkuma ezivulekileyo. Yomisa ezo ndawo uze ufake isibulali-zinambuzane.
• Sebenzisa izikrini kunye neefeni: Ukuvavanya iifestile kuya kunciphisa inani leengcongconi ezingena ekhayeni lakho. Ukuba kukho iingcongconi ngaphakathi ekhayeni lakho, ukusebenzisa ifeni kuya kwenza kube nzima ukuba iingcongconi zihlale kwindawo enye, kunciphisa inani leengcongconi ezilumayo.

Ndingayinyamekela njani impilo yam? (Ngexesha lokuchacha)

Kuthatha ixesha ukuba ingqondo iphiliswe emva kwe-encephalitis. Ngoko ke kufana nokubaleka i-marathon, kufuneka uyithathe kancinci. Nazi ezinye iingcebiso ezinokukunceda kuhambo lwakho lokuchacha:

• Zilungiselele: Ungaziva udiniwe kakhulu kangangeenyanga emva kokuba une-encephalitis. Ngoko ke, gxila kwizinto ezifuna ukubekwa phambili, njengosapho lwakho, kwaye uthathe ikhefu kwezinye izinto.
• Phumla: Lala ngexesha elibekiweyo, yehlisa i-caffeine kunye notywala, njl. Ziqhelise ukulala kamnandi ebusuku.
• Gcina ukutya okunempilo: Faka inyama engenamafutha amaninzi, iinkozo ezipheleleyo, imifuno eluhlaza enamagqabi, kunye neziqhamo ekutyeni kwakho. Ukutya kweMeditera kunokuba lukhetho olufanelekileyo.
• Yenza umthambo rhoqo: Ukuzilolonga rhoqo kunokukunceda uhlangabezane nemingeni ezayo emva kwe-encephalitis.
• Yabelana ngemeko yakho: Usenokuba usachacha, kodwa ungabonakala uphilile ngaphandle. Xelela abahlobo bakho kunye nosapho lwakho ukuba kutheni uthatha kancinci.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba une-encephalitis, xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho olunokubonisa ukuba imeko yakho iya isiba mandundu. Kwakhona, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinje ngokudideka, utshintsho olukhulu kubuntu bakho, ubunzima bokuthetha, ubuthathaka, okanye ukungakwazi ukuhambisa amalungu akho omzimba.

I-Encephalitis sisifo esibi kakhulu esinokuba nemiphumo ehlala ixesha elide. Kungathatha iinyanga, kwaneminyaka, ukuba siphile ngokupheleleyo. Ngokungafaniyo nokwenzakala emzimbeni, ingqondo ayisiyonto esinokuyibona okanye siyive njengoko iphola. Xa usalwa nokudinwa kunye neengxaki zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo, abanye banokucinga ukuba uphilile ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba ukwimeko efanayo, zinike ixesha lokuchazela abanye indlela i-encephalitis esakuchaphazela ngayo.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngoko ke, ngoku mhlawumbi uyaqonda ukuba i-Encephalitis yimeko embi kakhulu echaphazela ingqondo. Kodwa, musa ukoyika. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi oku.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha kwangoko xa iimpawu zibonakala. Okukhona uqaphela ngokukhawuleza kwaye uqala unyango, kokukhona amathuba akho okuphila aphezulu.

• Khumbula, izinto ezilula ezifana nokuzikhusela kwiingcongconi kunye nokugonywa ngokufanelekileyo kunokunceda ekuthinteleni ezi zifo ziyingozi.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nomonde, uziphulaphule, kwaye ulandele iingcebiso zonyango ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho.
• Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unemibuzo engaphezulu malunga noku, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha.

Masibe sempilweni sonke!

i- encephalitis, ukudumba kobuchopho, ukudumba kobuchopho, i-viral encephalitis, i-autoimmune encephalitis, iimpawu, unyango