Ngaba wakha wambona umntu ngequbuliso "eshukuma"? Wonke umntu uyoyika xa ebona izinto ezifana nokushukuma komzimba nokulahlekelwa zingqondo, akunjalo? Sidla ngokuyibiza le meko ngokuthi yi-epilepsy. Ngoko ke, yintoni kanye kanye i-epilepsy? Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Ingaba kuyingozi? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngazo zonke ezi zinto ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene ngaphakathi kwengqondo?
Ukuze siqonde oku, masithathe umzekelo omncinci. Khawucinge ukuba ingqondo yethu ifana nenkqubo yombane endlwini. Iiseli (ii-neurons) ebuchotsheni zithumelana imiyalezo ngemiqondiso emincinci yombane. Yonke into yenzeka ngendlela ehlelekileyo nenesingqisho.
Nangona kunjalo, engqondweni yomntu onesifo sokuwa, le nkqubo yokubonisa umbane ngequbuliso 'iba yi-short-circuits'. Iiseli kwindawo enye okanye ezingaphezulu zobuchopho ngequbuliso ziqala ukudubula ngokungalawulekiyo, zibangele imiqondiso yombane egqithisileyo. Njengesivuthuvuthu sombane. Kulapho ke siba nesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-seizure . Oku kuphazamiseka kombane kubangela ukuba umntu alahlekelwe zingqondo, ashukume, aze atshintshe indlela aziphethe ngayo.
Ngamafutshane, isifo sokuwa asisosifo nje kuphela. Sisifo esingapheliyo esenzeka kwimisebenzi yombane yengqondo. Ukuwa kanye akuthethi ukuba umntu unesifo sokuwa. Ukuba kukho iziqendu eziphindaphindayo zesifo sokuwa, kusenokwenzeka ukuba sisifo sokuwa.
Ziziphi iintlobo zesifo sokuwa ezikhoyo?
Xa uninzi lwethu lucinga 'ngokuqina', sicinga ngemeko enzima apho siwela phantsi, sixhuzule, size siphume amathe. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba kukho iintlobo ezininzi zokuxhuzula? Ezi zinokwahlulwa zibe ziindidi ezimbini eziphambili: enye isekelwe kwindawo apho ukuxhuzula kuqala khona engqondweni.
| Udidi lokubanjwa | Inkcazo kunye neempawu |
|---|---|
| 1. Ukuxhuzula Okujoliswe Kwingcinga Ephambili | Ezi ziqala kwindawo ethile kwicala elithile lobuchopho. Kukwakho neentlobo ezimbini zale nto. Ukubanjwa Okuqaphelekayo: • Ngeli xesha, isigulana sisezingqondweni kwaye sinokuziva izinto ezenzekayo kufutshane naso. • Ukurhawuzelela, njengakwingalo okanye umlenze omnye. • Ngequbuliso uziva ivumba okanye incasa engaqhelekanga. • Ukuziva ngathi ubona ukukhanya phambi kwamehlo akho, isiyezi. Ukuhluthwa kolwazi olujongene nokuphazamiseka kwengqondo: • Ngeli xesha, usenokulahlekelwa zingqondo kancinci, okanye ungazazi izinto ezikungqongileyo. • Ukujonga ngaphandle kwento. • Ukuphinda-phinda izinto ezifanayo, njengokutsala imilebe, ukuhlikihla izandla, okanye ukuqhwanyaza amehlo. |
| 2. Ukuxhuzula okusasazeka kuyo yonke ingqondo ngaxeshanye (Ukuxhuzula okuqhelekileyo) | Ezi zichaphazela amacala omabini obuchopho ngaxeshanye. Iintlobo esizibonayo zihlala ziphantsi kolu didi. Ukuxhuzula kokungabikho: • Oku kudla ngokwenzeka kubantwana abancinci. Baye bayeka ngequbuliso oko bakwenzayo imizuzwana embalwa baze bajonge bengenanto. Kungathi bangene kwihlabathi lamaphupha. Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba oku kukuphupha emini. Ukuxhuzula kweTonic-Clonic: • Le yindlela 'efanelekileyo' esiyaziyo sonke (igama lakudala elithi Grand Mal). • Ngequbuliso, ulahlekelwa zingqondo uze uwele phantsi. Okokuqala, umzimba wakho uyaqina (isigaba seTonic), emva koko umzimba wakho uqala ukuxhuzula (isigaba seClonic). • Ulwimi lunokushukuma, ukuvuza amathe, kunye nomchamo/indle ezimpahleni. Oku kuhlala kuphakathi kwemizuzu eli-1 ukuya kwemi-5. Ukuxhuzula kweAtonic: • Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-'Drop Seizure'. Izihlunu zomzimba ziphelelwa ngamandla ngequbuliso uze uwe phantsi, njengopopi onentambo ephukileyo. Ukuxhuzula kweMyoclonic: • Ukuxhuzula ngequbuliso ingalo, umlenze, okanye umzimba wonke, ngokungathi ubethwe ngumbane. Oku kuhlala ixesha elifutshane, malunga nomzuzwana okanye emibini. |
Zithini izinto ezibangela ukuxhuzula?
Umntu onesifo sokuwa akahlali enesifo sokuwa. Kodwa ezinye izinto zinokwandisa umngcipheko wokuba nesi sifo. Ezi zinto sizibiza ngokuba zizinto ezibangela isifo . Ezi zinokuhluka kumntu nomntu.
- Ukutsiba amayeza: Le yeyona nto iphambili. Ukuba awuwasebenzisi amayeza owanikwe ngugqirha ngexesha, kukho amathuba aphezulu okuba uxhuzule.
- Ukungalali: Izinto ezifana nokungalali kakuhle kunye nokusebenza nzima kakhulu zinokuchaphazela ingqondo.
- Uxinzelelo: Ukuxhuzula kunokubangelwa zizinto ezifana noxinzelelo olugqithisileyo kunye nokuxhalaba.
- Ukugula kunye nomkhuhlane: Xa usulelo lungena emzimbeni kwaye umkhuhlane ukhula, ukusebenza kwengqondo kunokutshintsha.
- Ukukhanya okukhanyayo: Izibane ezikhanyayo, eminye imidlalo yevidiyo, kunye neenkqubo zikamabonwakude zinokuchaphazela abanye abantu.
- Utywala neziyobisi:Ukusetyenziswa kotywala, ingakumbi ngexesha lokurhoxa, kunokubangela ukuxhuzula.
- Utshintsho lweehomoni kubafazi: Abanye abafazi banesithuthwane esibangelwa lutshintsho lweehomoni oluhambelana nomjikelo wabo wokuya exesheni.
- Amayeza athile: Amanye amayeza omkhuhlane kunye nee-allergies (umz., lawo aqulethe i-diphenhydramine) angathintelwa kubantu abane-migraines.
Zithini izizathu ze-migraines?
Kwiimeko ezininzi, malunga ne-70% yamatyala, akukho sizathu sithile sifumanekayo seentloko ezibuhlungu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izizathu ezininzi eziye zachongwa.
- I-genetics: Ukuba umntu kusapho une-migraine, kukho umngcipheko omncinci wokuba nabanye baya kuba nayo. Kodwa oko akuthethi ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo baya kuba nayo.
- Ukulimala entloko: Ukulimala entloko kakhulu, okufana nengozi yemoto okanye ukuwa, kungonakalisa ingqondo kwaye kubangele ukuxhuzula.
- Usulelo lobuchopho: Le meko inokubangelwa zizifo ezifana ne-encephalitis kunye ne-meningitis, eziyonakalisa ingqondo.
- I-Stroke kunye ne-Brain Tumors: Xa ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya engqondweni kuphazamiseka ngenxa ye-stroke okanye xa kuvela i-tumor yobuchopho, iiseli zobuchopho zinokonakala kwaye i-surticulty ingaqala.
- Iingxaki ngexesha lokuzalwa: I-Maasles inokubangelwa kukunqongophala kweoksijini engqondweni ngexesha lokuzalwa, okanye ziingxaki ezithile zokukhula kwengqondo.
Ifunyaniswa njani le nto?
Ukuba unesithuthwane, into yokuqala omawuyenze kukubona ugqirha. Uza kukucela wena kunye naye nabani na obone esi sithuthwane ukuba achaze okwenzekileyo.
Ukongeza, kunokwenziwa iimvavanyo ezimbini eziphambili.
1. I-EEG (i-Electroencephalography): Oku kuquka ukuncamathisela ii-sensors ezincinci entlokweni yakho kunye nokurekhoda iipateni zombane engqondweni yakho. Ukuba unesifo sokuwa, sinokubona ezinye iipateni ezingaqhelekanga.
2. IiSkeni zoBuchongo: Uvavanyo olufana neskeni ye-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) lunokujonga iimpawu zomonakalo ngaphakathi kwengqondo, ezifana nethumba, isilonda, okanye istroke.
Zithini iindlela zonyango?
I-Maasles ayiyonto yokoyika, kuba yimeko enokulawulwa kakhulu.
Amayeza okulwa nokuxhuzula
Unyango oluphambili ngamayeza okulwa nokuxhuzula. Malunga nama-70% ezigulana zinokulawula ukuxhuzula kwazo ngokupheleleyo ngamayeza. Ugqirha wakho uya kukhetha amayeza afanelekileyo kuwe ngokusekwe kuhlobo lwakho lokuxhuzula, ubudala, kunye nezinye iimeko zempilo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza akho okanye utshintshe umthamo ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
Unyango Lokutya
Kwabanye abantwana, ingakumbi abo bangasabeli kakuhle kumayeza, ugqirha unokucebisa ukutya okukhethekileyo, okufana nokutya okune-ketogenic . Oku kukutya okunamafutha amaninzi, okune-carbohydrate ephantsi.
Utyando
Kubantu abanesithuthwane esingalawulwa ngamayeza kwaye siqala kwindawo enye engqondweni, utyando lukhetho. Oku kuquka ukususa inxalenye engaqhelekanga yengqondo apho siqala khona isithuthwane. Nangona oku kungenzeki kuwo wonke umntu, kunokuba yimpumelelo enkulu kumntu ofanelekileyo.
Amaxesha apho kufuneka silumke khona
Ngokwesiqhelo, ukuxhuzula kuyaphela ngokwako kwimizuzu eli-1-2, kodwa kwezinye iimeko, kufuneka uye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
Ixesha lokuya kwi-ETU (iYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo) ngoko nangoko:
* Ukuba ukuxhuzula kuthatha imizuzu engaphezu kwemi-5.
* Ukuba ukuxhuzula okunye kuphela kuze kwenzeke okunye ngaphambi kokuba ubuyele ezingqondweni.
* Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla ngexesha lokuxhuzula.
* Ukuba ukuxhuzula kubangela ukwenzakala okukhulu.
* Ukuba umfazi okhulelweyo okanye umntu onesifo seswekile unesifo sokuxhuzula.
Ilizwi malunga ne-SUDEP
Oku kusenokuvakala kusoyikisa, kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi. I-SUDEP (Ukufa Okungachazwanga Ngesiquphe kwi-Epilepsy) kuxa umntu onesifo sokuwa esifa ngequbuliso ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo. Esi sisiganeko esingaqhelekanga kakhulu. Abantu abanesifo sokuwa esingalawulwa kakuhle basengozini enkulu. Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokunciphisa lo mngcipheko kukuthatha amayeza akho kanye njengoko ugqirha wakho ekuyalele kwaye ulawule isifo sakho sokuwa.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo sokuwa asisosifo sengqondo okanye into yokuba neentloni ngaso. Sisifo sengqondo esibangelwa ziingqondo.
- Uninzi lwabantu luyakwazi ukulawula ukuxhuzula kwabo kakuhle ngamayeza baze baphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo.
- Kubalulekile ukuthatha amayeza owanikwe ngugqirha wakho ngexesha elifanelekileyo nangedosi efanelekileyo. Ungaze uyeke ukuwathatha wedwa.
- Chonga izinto ezibangela ukuba uxhuzule kwaye uziphephe kangangoko unako (umz., ukulala, ukulawula uxinzelelo).
- Ukuba unesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo, kubalulekile ukwazisa usapho lwakho kunye nabahlobo abasondeleyo ngaso ukuze bakwazi ukukunceda xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.
- Ukuba unemibuzo, uloyiko, okanye amathandabuzo malunga noku, thetha ngayo ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho.
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