Ngaba uziva udiniwe kwaye uphelelwa ngumphefumlo kunesiqhelo xa uhamba okanye usebenza? Okanye uvuka ebusuku unobunzima bokuphefumla? Ngaba imilenze namaqatha akho aziva evuvukile? Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba ezi ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo zokudinwa nokwaluphala, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ezi zinokuba ziimpawu ezibalulekileyo esizifumanayo entliziyweni yethu. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko eqhelekileyo kodwa engaqondwa kakuhle ebizwa ngokuba yi-'heart failure', okanye eyaziwa ngokwezonyango njenge-'(Congestive Heart Failure)'.
Kalula nje, yintoni ukusilela kwentliziyo?
Cinga ngepompo yamanzi endlwini yakho. Inika amanzi indlu yonke. Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba le moto iguga kwaye ibuthathaka? Ayikwazi ukupompa amanzi ngokufanelekileyo. Amanzi angena etankini. Mhlawumbi uxinzelelo lwamanzi kwimibhobho luyanda kwaye luvuza kwiindawo ezithile.
Intliziyo yethu inje. Yinjini yomzimba wethu. Umsebenzi ophambili wentliziyo kukupompa igazi kuzo zonke iikona zomzimba. `(Heart Failure)` akuthethi ukuba intliziyo iyema ngokupheleleyo. Okwenzekayo koku kukuba, ngesizathu esithile, amandla entliziyo okupompa igazi abuthathaka. Njengaloo njini, intliziyo ayikwazi nokupompa inani legazi elifunekayo emzimbeni.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva koko? Igazi elingenakupompa liqala ukubuthana ngasemva. Ngale ndlela, igazi libuthana kwiindawo ezifana nemiphunga, imilenze, amaqatha, nesisu. Yiyo loo nto kusetyenziswa igama elithi `(Congestive)`. Le yimeko ekhula kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba ukusilela kwentliziyo akuthethi ukuba intliziyo ayisebenzi kakuhle, kodwa kuthetha ukuba intliziyo ayisebenzi kakuhle kwaye ayisebenzi kakuhle.
Ngaba nawe unazo ezi mpawu?
Iimpawu zokusilela kwentliziyo zingahluka kumntu nomntu. Abanye abantu banokuba neempawu ezingephi, ngelixa abanye banokuba neempawu eziqatha. Iimpawu zinokuvela ngequbuliso okanye zikhule kancinci kancinci.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo | Usenokuziva unesiyezi xa usenza imisebenzi eqhelekileyo, uhamba, okanye unyuka izinyuko. Xa imeko imbi kakhulu, kunokuba nzima ukuphefumla nokuba umi ungashukumi. |
| Ukuvuka ebusuku ngenxa yokuphefumla okunzima | Xa ulele ebhedini, ulwelo luyaqokelelana emiphungeni, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuphefumla kwaye ibangele ukuvuka ngequbuliso. Ukuphakamisa intloko yakho ngeepillow ezimbini okanye ezintathu kunokunceda. |
| Ukudumba kwemilenze, amaqatha, kunye nesisu | Ngenxa yokugcinwa kolwelo emzimbeni, imilenze, ingakumbi amaqatha, iyadumba. Indawo ivakala ibuhlungu xa icinezelwa ngomnwe. Isisu sinokudumba. |
| Ukunyuka kwesisindo ngequbuliso | Ukwanda kobunzima obuyikhilogram enye okanye ezimbini kunokubakho ngequbuliso kwiintsuku ezimbalwa, kungengenxa yamafutha, kodwa ngenxa yokuqokelelana kolwelo emzimbeni. |
| Ukudinwa rhoqo kunye nobuthathaka | Ngenxa yokuba amalungu omzimba awafumani ioksijini eyaneleyo kunye negazi elinesondlo, uhlala uziva udiniwe kwaye ungakwazi ukwenza nantoni na. |
| Ukukhwehlela okomileyo | Kunokubakho ukukhwehlela okomileyo ngaphandle kwencindi, ingakumbi xa ulele phantsi. Oku kungenxa yokuqokelelana kolwelo emiphungeni. |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo | Intliziyo ebuthathaka isenokuba nentliziyo ebetha ngokukhawuleza okanye engahambelaniyo nesiqhelo kuba kufuneka isebenze nzima ukupompa igazi emzimbeni. |
Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, ungoyiki ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo "yiNtliziyo ebuthathaka". Kodwa ungaze uyityeshele. Kungcono ukubona ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza kwaye uthethe ngale nto.
Kutheni intliziyo iba buthathaka kangaka? Zithini izizathu eziphambili?
Akukho nobangela mnye kuphela wokusilela kwentliziyo, kodwa zininzi izinto ezinokubangela oko. Ezinye izifo zingonakalisa intliziyo kwaye zinciphise amandla ayo okupompa ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Nazi ezinye zezizathu eziphambili:
- Isifo semithambo yegazi kunye nohlaselo lwentliziyo: Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo. Xa imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni incitshiswa ngamanqatha, izihlunu zentliziyo azifumani ioksijini eziyidingayo. Ukuba uhlaselo lwentliziyo luyenzeka, inxalenye yentliziyo yonakala ngonaphakade ize ibe buthathaka.
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olungalawulekiyo (Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu): Xa unexinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kangangeminyaka, intliziyo yakho kufuneka isebenze nzima ukupompa igazi. Kufana nokuphakamisa ubunzima obunzima. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, izihlunu zentliziyo zinokutyeba kwaye ekugqibeleni zibe buthathaka.
- Isifo seswekile: Isifo seswekile esingalawulwayo singonakalisa ngokuthe ngqo imithambo yegazi kunye nentliziyo.
- I-Cardiomyopathy: Ezinye izifo, ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kotywala, okanye izizathu zelifa zinokubangela ukuba izihlunu zentliziyo zibe buthathaka.
- Iingxaki zeValve yentliziyo: Xa iivalve zentliziyo zingavuleki kwaye zingavaleki kakuhle, intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima ukupompa igazi.
- Iziphene Zentliziyo Ezizalwa Nazo: Abanye abantu bazalwa beneziphene ezithile zentliziyo.
- Ezinye iimeko: Isifo sezintso, iingxaki ze-thyroid, kunye namayeza athile omhlaza (i-chemotherapy) nazo zinokubangela oku.
Kukho amanqanaba amane okusilela kwentliziyo.
Oogqirha bahlula imeko ibe ngamanqanaba amane (A, B, C, D). Oku kwenza kube lula ukufumanisa ubunzulu besifo kunye nokucwangcisa unyango.
1. Inqanaba A: Aba bantu abakabi nantliziyo ibuthathaka. Kodwa banezinto ezinobungozi ezifana noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo seswekile, kunye nembali yentsapho yesifo sentliziyo. Kweli nqanaba, injongo kukulawula ezo zinto zinobungozi kunye nokuzama ukuthintela ukuba esi sifo singabikho.
2. Inqanaba B: Aba bantu banokuba notshintsho oluthile kwisimo sentliziyo yabo (umz., emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo), kodwa abakabi nazo iimpawu. Aba bantu banokulawula iimpawu zabo ngokusebenzisa amayeza kunye notshintsho kwindlela abaphila ngayo.
3. Inqanaba C: Aba bantu banesifo sentliziyo kwaye bahlangabezana neempawu (ezifana nokuphefumla kancinci kunye nokudumba kwemilenze). Injongo ephambili yonyango kukulawula iimpawu, ukwenza ubomi bube lula, kunye nokuthintela isifo ukuba singabi mandundu.
4. Inqanaba D: Eli linqanaba lokugqibela lesi sifo. Aba bantu banobunzima bokulawula iimpawu zabo ngonyango oluqhelekileyo. Basenazo iimpawu xa bebodwa. Aba bantu banokufuna unyango olukhethekileyo, mhlawumbi ukufakelwa intliziyo.
Ukuxilongwa kunye nonyango lwenziwa njani?
Xa ubona ugqirha, uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho, imbali yosapho lwakho, kunye namayeza owasebenzisayo. Emva koko, baza kukuhlola. Ukongeza, banokwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kunye nokufumanisa unobangela.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga izinto ezifana nokusebenza kwezintso kunye ne-thyroid kunye ne-anemia.
- I-X-reyi yesifuba: Jonga ubungakanani bentliziyo kunye nokuba kukho ulwelo oluqokeleleneyo emiphungeni.
- I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram): Olu vavanyo lujonga umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo kwaye lunokubona iingxaki zesingqisho sentliziyo kunye neemeko zentliziyo esele zikhona.
- I-Echocardiogram (Echo): Olu luvavanyo olubaluleke kakhulu. Lufana nokuskena kwentliziyo. Lunokulinganisa ubungakanani bentliziyo, ubukhulu bemisipha yentliziyo, umsebenzi weevalvu, kunye nendlela intliziyo epompa ngayo igazi (Ejection Fraction - EF).
- Ezinye iimvavanyo: Ngamanye amaxesha iimvavanyo ezifana `(uvavanyo loxinzelelo)` kunye `(i-Cardiac MRI)` nazo zinokufuneka.
Iindlela zonyango
Nangona kungekho ndlela ipheleleyo yokuphelisa ukusilela kwentliziyo, ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye notshintsho lwendlela yokuphila, iimpawu zinokulawulwa, isifo sinokuncitshiswa, kwaye abantu banokuphila ubomi obutofotofo nobusebenzayo.
Isicwangciso sonyango siqulathe iinxalenye ezimbini eziphambili:
1. Amayeza
Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamayeza kuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho. La mayeza asebenza ukunciphisa umthwalo womsebenzi entliziyweni yakho, alawule uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi, asuse ulwelo olugqithisileyo emzimbeni wakho, kwaye akhusele intliziyo yakho. Umzekelo, amayeza okuthintela i-ACE, ii-beta-blockers, kunye ne-diuretics (iipilisi zamanzi) zisetyenziswa rhoqo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha amayeza ugqirha wakho awakunika njengoko eyalelwe, ngaphandle kokuphoswa lusuku olunye.
2. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila
Ezi zinto zibaluleke njengamayeza.
- Ulawulo lwetyuwa: Ufanele unciphise ubungakanani betyuwa obongezayo ekutyeni kwakho. Ityuwa yonyusa ukugcinwa kolwelo emzimbeni, nto leyo enyusa umthwalo entliziyweni. Ukutya okusemathinini, iisosi, kunye nokutya okukhawulezayo kunetyuwa eninzi.
- Ulawulo lolwelo: Abanye abantu banokucetyiswa ngugqirha wabo ukuba banciphise amanzi abawaselayo ngosuku.
- Ubunzima Bemihla ngemihla: Zilinganisele ngexesha elifanayo qho kusasa uze ubhale phantsi ubunzima bakho. Ukuba ngequbuliso unyuka nge-1-2 kg kwiintsuku ezimbini okanye ezintathu, oko kuthetha ukuba ugcina ulwelo emzimbeni wakho. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Ukutya okunempilo: Yitya imifuno emininzi, iziqhamo, kunye nokutya okutyebileyo kwi-fiber. Nciphisa ioyile, iswekile, kunye nokutya okucutshungulweyo.
- Umthambo ofanelekileyo: Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nomthambo ofanelekileyo kuwe kwaye ongenzima. Nokuba yinto elula njengokuhamba ilungile.
- Yeka ukutshaya nokusela utywala: Zombini ezi zinto ziyingozi kakhulu entliziyweni.
- Olunye ulawulo lwezifo:Ukuba unezinye izifo, ezifana nesifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kubalulekile ukuzilawula kakuhle.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezidweliswe apha ngasentla okanye ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha. Ngokukodwa, qaphela oku kulandelayo:
- Ukuba kunzima ukuphefumla nokuba umi nje ungashukumi.
- Ukuba ukudumba emilenzeni okanye esiswini kuyanda ngequbuliso.
- Ukuba utyeba ngequbuliso (ngaphezulu kwe-2 kg kwiintsuku ezimbalwa).
- Ukuba uhlala uziva udiniwe kakhulu.
Ukuba ngequbuliso ufumana ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla, iintlungu esifubeni, okanye ukuphelelwa zingqondo, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.
Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo asinto yokoyika nokuyeka. Yimeko enokulawulwa, njengesifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukulandela iingcebiso zonyango ezifanelekileyo, ukusela amayeza afanelekileyo, kunye nokuphila ubomi obusempilweni. Ngoncedo lukagqirha wakho nosapho lwakho, ungayilawula kakuhle le meko.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukusilela kwentliziyo akuthethi ukuba intliziyo iyayeka, kodwa kunoko amandla ayo okupompa igazi ayancipha.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukudumba kwemilenze, kunye nokudinwa rhoqo zezona mpawu ziphambili. Musa ukuzityeshela ezi.
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, isifo seswekile, kunye nesifo sentliziyo zezona zinto zibangela esi sifo.
- Nangona le meko ingenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, inokulawulwa kakuhle kwaye ubomi obuqhelekileyo bunokukhokelwa ngamayeza kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila.
- Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo. Ungaphoswa nalusuku olunye lweyeza lakho.
- Ukunciphisa ityuwa ekutyeni kwakho, ukuzilinganisa imihla ngemihla, kunye nokuzilolonga kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho kwiimpawu zakho, yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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