Ngaba nawe ucinga ngotyando lwevalvu yentliziyo? (Utyando lweValvu yeNtliziyo) Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokulula.

Intliziyo yakho yimpompo emangalisayo. Ngaphakathi kule mpompo kukho iindawo ezine ezisebenza njengeengcango. Sizibiza ngokuba "ziivalvu." Ngalo lonke ixesha intliziyo yakho ibetha, ezi ngcango ziyavuleka kwaye zivaleke, zigcina igazi lihamba kwicala elinye. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha xa ezi valve zigula okanye zingasebenzi kakuhle, ukuhamba kwegazi kuyavalwa. Ngamanye amaxesha igazi lihamba ngasemva, okanye ivalvu iyavalwa kwaye igazi alikwazi ukuhamba phambili. Kulapho oogqirha bathetha khona "ngotyando lwevalvu yentliziyo." Kuqhelekile ukuziva usoyika kancinci xa usiva la mazwi, kodwa oku kukunceda intliziyo yakho isebenze kakuhle kwakhona. Xa intliziyo yakho isebenza kakuhle, nawe uzive uphilile.

Zithini iivalvu entliziyweni?

Intliziyo yethu ineegumbi eziphambili ezine. Kukho iintlobo ezine eziphambili zeevalvu ezilawula ukuhamba kwegazi phakathi kwezi gumbi. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.

Ziziphi iintlobo zotyando ezikhoyo?

Uhlobo lotyando olufunekayo luxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Ugqirha wakho uza kuqwalasela oku kulandelayo:

• Ulwakhiwo lwentliziyo yakho.
• iminyaka yakho.
• Ezinye izifo onazo.
• Indlela ophila ngayo.

Emva kovavanyo, ugqirha uza kugqiba ukuba ingxaki ikwivalvu yakho kwaye inzima kangakanani. Emva koko, uya kukhetha utyando olulungele wena. Ngamanye amaxesha, olu tyando lwevalvu lunokwenziwa kunye nolunye utyando lwentliziyo. Umzekelo, lunokwenziwa kunye notyando lwe-bypass okanye utyando lwe-atrial fibrillation .

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zotyando.

1. Utyando lokulungisa iivalvu zentliziyo

Oku kuquka ukulungisa isiphene ngelixa ugcina ivalvu yakho kangangoko unako. Kufana nokulungisa into ephukileyo. Le ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiingxaki zevalvu ye-mitral. Kodwa ingenziwa nakwezinye iivalvu.

2. Utyando lokutshintsha ivalvu yentliziyo

Kule nkqubo, ivalvu yakho enesifo isuswa ngokupheleleyo kwaye kufakwa ivalvu entsha endaweni yayo. Le valve intsha inokuba yeyebhayoloji (yenziwe ngehagu, inkomo, okanye izicwili zomntu) okanye ibe yeyomatshini ( yenziwe ngesinyithi okanye ikhabhoni). Nokuba loluphi uhlobo olufakiweyo, umzimba wakho awuyi kuyilahla.

Kunini apho kufuneka khona utyando?

Xa amayeza anikwa isifo sevalvu engasasebenzi, oko kuthetha ukuba uyaqhubeka uneempawu ezifana nezi, kunokufuneka ucinge ngotyando.

• Iintlungu zesifuba.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Ukubeka uphawu.

Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ulinde de iimpawu zakho zibe nzima. Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha bagqiba kwelokuba kungcono ukwenza utyando ngaphambi kokuba iimpawu ziqale. Esi sisigqibo enifanele nisenze kunye, ingcali yentliziyo, kunye nogqirha wakho.

Uzilungiselela njani ngaphambi kotyando?

Kuya kufuneka wenze uvavanyo oluninzi ngosuku olungaphambi kotyando.

• I-X-ray yesifuba.
• I-Echocardiogram.
• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG).
• Iskeni ye-CT.
• Ukufakwa kwe-catheter kwintliziyo.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi.

Musa ukutya okanye ukusela nantoni na emva kobusuku bobusuku ngaphambi kotyando. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga namayeza owasebenzisayo uze ufumane ukuba yintoni kanye kanye onokuyeka ukuyisebenzisa ngaphambi kotyando.

Ngomhla wotyando, nxiba impahla ekhululekileyo nekhululekileyo. Shiya izinto zakho ezixabisekileyo kumntu oza kuhamba nawe. Ngaphambi kotyando, abasebenzi basesibhedlele baza kucoca indawo yotyando baze basuse naluphi na unwele, ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lotyando?

Awuyi kuva nto ngexesha lotyando kuba uza kunikwa iyeza lokuthomalalisa ngomthambo.

Ugqirha uza kuzama ukwenza utyando ngokusika okuncinci kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ngexesha lotyando, umsebenzi wentliziyo nemiphunga yakho udluliselwa kumatshini wokwenziwa (umatshini wentliziyo nemiphunga). Emva koko ivalvu iyalungiswa okanye itshintshwe. Xa umsebenzi ugqityiwe, intliziyo yakho iyaqaliswa kwakhona kwaye isifuba sakho siyavalwa.

Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza utyando:

• Utyando lwentliziyo oluvulekileyo lwendabuko: Kwenziwa utyando oluyi-intshi ezi-6-8 embindini wesifuba.
• Utyando olungenabungozi kangako: Oku kwenziwa ngokusikwa okuncinci okungange-intshi ezi-3-4. Oku kungenziwa nge-endoscopically okanye nge-robotically.
• I-Transcatheter: Le ndlela ayibandakanyi ukunqunyulwa esifubeni. I-catheter ifakwa ngemithambo yegazi emikhulu emqolo nasentliziyweni ukuze ithathe indawo yevalvu. Umzekelo woku yinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi -TAVR .

Olu tyando ludla ngokuthatha iiyure ezimbini ukuya kwezintlanu.

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando kunye nexesha lokuchacha

Emva kotyando, uza kungeniswa kwiYunithi yoKhathalelo oluPhezulu (ICU). Apho, imeko yakho iza kuhlolwa ngononophelo olukhulu. Emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, uza kudluliselwa kwigumbi eliqhelekileyo. Uza kuhlala esibhedlele phakathi kweentsuku ezi-5 nezi-7.

Usenokuba ufake iityhubhu esifubeni sakho ukuze kususwe ulwelo olugqithisileyo emzimbeni wakho. Usenokuba uqhagamshelwe kwiimatshini ukuze kujongwe uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nesantya sentliziyo yakho.

Oogqirha baza kukukhuthaza ukuba uqale ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza. Ungaqala ngokuhambahamba egumbini uze wonyuse umgama kancinci kancinci. Ungathunyelwa kwi- cardiac rehab, eyinkqubo yokuzilolonga ejongiweyo.

Kudla ngokuthatha iiveki ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-8 ukuze uphile ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba utyando lwakho belungenazo iindlela ezininzi, ixesha lakho lokuchacha linokuba lifutshane.

Uzinyamekela njani emva kokuba ufikile ekhaya?

• Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo. Yiya kwiikliniki ngeentsuku ezicwangcisiweyo.
• Phumla. Uza kuziva udiniwe ngokukhawuleza kwiiveki ezintathu zokuqala. Musa ukuya emsebenzini ongakwaziyo ukuwuthwala.
• Musa ukuqhuba iiveki ezimbalwa.
• Musa ukuphakamisa ubunzima obungaphezulu kwe-5-7 kg kwiiveki zokuqala ezi-6-8.
• Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba ungabuyela nini emsebenzini.

Zithini iingozi kunye neenzuzo zotyando?

Njengakwezinye iintlobo zotyando, kukho iingozi ezithile, kodwa iingenelo zotyando zingaphezulu kakhulu kuneengozi zokungabi nalo.

Ezi ngozi ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yakho, ezinye iimeko zempilo, kunye nobunzima botyando. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela oku ngokweenkcukacha.

Udinga nini ukubona ugqirha?

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu emva kokubuya ekhaya emva kotyando, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

• Ukuba ufumana iintlungu esifubeni okanye ecaleni kwesilonda .
• Ukuba uziva uxhalabile okanye uxinezelekile kakhulu ( oku kungenzeka emva kotyando).
• Ukuba unomkhuhlane (oku kungaba luphawu losulelo).
• Ukuba ubunzima bomzimba wakho bunyuka malunga neekhilogram ezi-2-3 ngaxeshanye (oku kuthetha ukuba amanzi ayaqokelelana emzimbeni).

Eminye imibuzo ebuzwa rhoqo

Ivalvu entsha ihlala ixesha elingakanani?

Kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yakho, uhlobo lotyando olwenzileyo, kunye nohlobo lwevalvu olwenzileyo. Iivalvu zoomatshini zihlala ixesha elide, kodwa iivalvu zebhayoloji zisenokufuneka zitshintshwe rhoqo emva kweminyaka eli-10-20, ingakumbi ukuba zifakwa kumntu oselula.

Ngaba kufuneka ndiqhubeke ndithatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi emva kotyando?

• Ukuba unikwe ivalvu yomatshini , ewe, kuya kufuneka uthathe amayeza okunciphisa igazi ubomi bakho bonke.
• Ukuba ubulungisiwe ivalvu okanye ivalvu yendalo , ungadinga ukusela eli yeza iiveki ezimbalwa kuphela, okanye usenokungalidingi konke konke.

Ndingaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo emva kotyando?

Ewe! Uninzi lwabantu lunokubuyela ekwenzeni izinto ababezenza ngaphambi kotyando. Ukuchacha kwakho kuya kuxhomekeka kwimpilo yakho iyonke. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika xa usiva ngotyando lwevalvu yentliziyo. Kodwa khumbula, le yinto oyenzayo ukutshintsha ubomi bakho bube ngcono. Thetha nosapho lwakho kunye nabahlobo ngayo. Yinkqubo entle yenkxaso ukuba nomntu okuxhasayo ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho.