Ngaba wakha wacinga nzulu ngentamo yakho? Awunakucinga nokuba zingaphi izinto ezenzekayo ngaphakathi kule ntamo xa sithetha, siginya ukutya, kwaye siphefumla. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngethambo elikhethekileyo, elingaqhelekanga, kodwa elibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Elo lithambo leHyoid. Mhlawumbi awukaze uve ngeli gama ngaphambili.
Yintoni iHyoid Bone?
Ngamafutshane, ithambo le-hyoid lithambo elincinci, elimile okwe-crescent eliphambi kwentamo yakho, ngaphantsi nje kwesilevu sakho. Ukuchaneka, likwindawo engaphezulu kwe-mandible yakho kunye ne-thyroid cartilage egubungela iintambo zakho zelizwi. Ungenza uvavanyo oluncinci ukuze ufumane. Beka iminwe yakho apho isilevu sakho sidibana khona nentamo yakho uze uginye amathe amancinci. Uya kuziva umqolo onyukayo nohlayo. Elo lithambo lakho le-hyoid.
Kodwa kukho isizathu esinye esiphambili sokuba eli thambo lahluke kwezinye. Kungenxa yokuba ithambo le-hyoid lelona thambo "lidadayo" kuphela emzimbeni wethu. Ngoku mhlawumbi uyazibuza ukuba kuthetha ukuthini "ukudada". Lonke elinye ithambo emzimbeni wethu liqhagamshelwe kwelinye ithambo ngelungu. Umzekelo, ithambo lengalo liqhagamshelwe kwithambo legxalaba. Kodwa ithambo le-hyoid aliqhagamshelwanga ngokuthe ngqo nakweliphi na ithambo. Libanjwa kuphela endaweni yalo yimisipha, imisipha, kunye ne-cartilage. Kufana nokubanjwa kwinethi. Akumangalisi oko?
Yeyiphi imisebenzi ebalulekileyo eyenziwa leli thambo lincinci?
Nangona ithambo le-hyoid lincinci, ukusebenza kwalo akungomsebenzi ubalulekileyo. Eli thambo libalulekile kwimisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla.
- Ukuthetha: Xa sibiza amagama, ulwimi kunye nebhokisi yelizwi kufuneka zihambe ngokuchanekileyo. Ithambo le-hyoid lisebenza njenge-ankile yemisipha emininzi efunekayo kwezi ntshukumo.
- Ukuginya: Xa siginya iqhekeza lokutya okanye ingcosana yamanzi, inkqubo entsonkothileyo yezihlunu emqaleni isebenza kunye. Ngexesha lale nkqubo, intshukumo yethambo le-hyoid ibalulekile ukuze ulwimi lubuyele umva kwaye luvale umbhobho womoya.
- Ukuphefumla: Eli thambo likwasebenza njengoxhaso lwezihlunu ezinceda ukugcina indlela yomoya ivulekile xa siphefumla.
Ukongeza kwezi misebenzi ziphambili, ixhasa ezinye izakhiwo ezibalulekileyo entanyeni yethu.
- Ulwimi lwakho
- Imisipha ezantsi emlonyeni wakho
- Kwiintambo zakho zelizwi (iLarynx/ibhokisi yelizwi)
- I-flap encinci egquma umbhobho womoya, ebizwa ngokuba yi-epiglottis
- Umqala wakho (Pharynx)
Ukongeza kuko konke oku, ithambo le-hyoid likwasebenza njengendawo yokuncamathisela ii-ligaments ezintathu ezinkulu kunye nemisipha emininzi entanyeni.
Ithambo le-hyoid libukeka njani kwaye linjani?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, oku kumile njengonobumba u-'U'. Eli thambo linamacandelo amathathu aphambili.
1. Umzimba oyintloko: Le yeyona ndawo ingaphambili neyona ityebileyo yethambo le-hyoid. Idla ngokuba malunga neesentimitha eziyi-2.5 ububanzi kwaye ibe malunga nesentimitha enye ubukhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kumadoda, le ndawo inokuba nkulu kancinci.
2. Iimpondo ezinkulu (i-cornua enkulu): Ezi ziingalo ezimbini ezinde kumacala omabini encwadi ethi 'U'.
3. Iimpondo ezincinci (i-cornua encinci): Ezi ziiproteni ezimbini ezincinci ezikufutshane nesiqalo seempondo ezinkulu. Zinamathele kwi-stylohyoid ligament.
Ithambo le-hyoid losana olusandul’ ukuzalwa liziqwenga ezintathu zamathambo ezahlukeneyo, ezingadibaniyo. Kodwa njengoko sikhula, ngokuqhelekileyo phakathi kweminyaka engama-40 nama-60 ubudala, ezi ziqwenga zintathu ziyadibana ukuze zenze ithambo elinye eliqinileyo. Kodwa abanye abantu basenokungadibani ubomi babo bonke. Oku akusisifo okanye into engaqhelekanga. Lutshintsho nje oluqhelekileyo emizimbeni yethu.
Ziziphi iimeko ezichaphazela ithambo le-hyoid?
Ngenxa yokuba eli thambo likhuselekile kakuhle, izifo ezinxulumene nalo zinqabile kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, akunakwenzeka. Nazi ezinye zeemeko eziphambili ezinokuchaphazela ithambo le-hyoid. Makhe sijonge le theyibhile ukuze siziqonde ngokucacileyo.
| Imeko | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Isifo samathambo seHyoid | Oku kubangelwa kukudumba kwemisipha kunye nemisipha ejikeleze ithambo le-hyoid. Oku kunokubangelwa ziimeko ezifana ne-tendonitis okanye i-whiplash, eyenzeka xa imoto ibhuleka ngequbuliso ize ibangele ukuba intamo ixhuzule. |
| Ithambo le-hyoid elaphukileyo | Oku kunqabile kakhulu . Kubangela malunga ne-0.002% yazo zonke izaphuko emzimbeni womntu. Ngenxa yokuba eli thambo likhuselwe kakuhle ngaphakathi, aliphuki kwingozi eqhelekileyo. Kunokwenzeka ukuba liphuke kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu ezifana nokukrwitshwa, ukuxhonywa, amanxeba okudutyulwa, kunye neengozi ezinkulu zemoto. |
| I-Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) | Le yimeko enzima kakhulu. Yenzeka xa iiseli zamathambo zisifa ngenxa yokuchatshazelwa yimitha. Abantu abafumana unyango lwemitha yomhlaza wentloko nentamo basengozini. Idla ngokuchaphazela i-mandible, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha inokuchaphazela ithambo le-hyoid. |
| Umhlaza wethambo le-hyoid (iChondrosarcoma) | Olu luhlobo lomhlaza olungaqhelekanga kakhulu . Olu luhlobo lomhlaza oluqala kwi-cartilage. Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba umhlaza onje uvele kwindawo yentloko nentamo. Ngokweengxelo zonyango, zizigulane ezingama-23 kuphela ezilolu hlobo eziye zaxelwa kwihlabathi liphela ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Uphawu oluqhelekileyo lwabaninzi baba baguli sisiqhuma esikhula sibe sikhulu ngakumbi entanyeni. |
Ziziphi iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zezi meko?
Iimpawu zeengxaki zamathambo e-hyoid ziyafana. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, qaphela.
- Intlungu yobuso engachazwanga: Ngamanye amaxesha intlungu inokuqala entanyeni isasazeke ebusweni.
- Intlungu yentamo: Intlungu evela nzulu ngaphambili kwentamo.
- Umphimbo obuhlungu: Umphimbo obuhlungu ongapheliyo (i-pharyngitis engapheliyo).
- Ukuphazamiseka kwelizwi: Ukurhawuzelela okanye ukutshintsha kwelizwi.
- Ukuziva ngathi kukho into ebambeke emqaleni: Ukuziva ngathi kukho into ethile, njengeva, kubambeke emqaleni.
- Intlungu xa uginya: Intlungu eqatha xa uginya ukutya okanye isiselo.
- I-Obstructive sleep apnea: Le meko inokuchaphazeleka nayindawo yethambo le-hyoid.
- Ukudumba: Ukuba bekukho ingozi, ungabona ukudumba ngaphambili entanyeni.
- I-Crepitus: Ukuva okanye ukuva isandi esiqhekekayo xa ujika intamo.
- Ubunzima bokuthetha: Ubunzima bokubiza amagama ngenxa yentlungu.
- Ukuphelelwa ngamandla: Ubunzima bokuphefumla kwezinye iimeko.
- Izilonda zomlomo okanye zomqala: Izilonda okanye izilonda emlonyeni okanye emqaleni.
Okubalulekileyo kukuba, ezi mpawu ngamanye amaxesha zinokufana kakhulu neengxaki ze-TMJ, ngoko ke abanye abantu banokuchongwa gwenxa. Ukuba unyangwa isifo se-TMJ kwaye iimpawu zakho aziphucuki, kuyafaneleka ukuxoxa ngale hyoid bone nogqirha wakho.
Kwenziwa njani ukuxilongwa kwaye zithini iindlela zonyango?
Xa usiya kugqirha oneempawu ezinjalo, uza kukuhlola aze, ukuba kuyimfuneko, akuthumelele iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo.
Uvavanyo lokuxilonga
- Ii-X-reyi: Jonga ukuba akukho nakuphi na ukwaphuka okanye ukungaqheleki kwithambo.
- Ii-CT scans: Fumana imifanekiso ecacileyo neneenkcukacha ezithe vetshe yethambo kunye nezicubu ezingqongileyo.
- Iiskeni zePET: Olu vavanyo lungasetyenziselwa ukujonga umsebenzi weeseli, ingakumbi ukuba kukho umhlaza orhanelwayo.
Iindlela zonyango
Emva kokuxilongwa, ugqirha uya kugqiba ngonyango oluya kuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho. Ezi ayizozinto onokuzenza wedwa.
- Iipilisi zokunciphisa iintlungu kunye neziyobisi ezilwa nokuvuvukala (ii-NSAID): Lawula iintlungu kunye nokudumba.
- Ii-antibiotics: Ukuba kukho usulelo.
- Iinaliti ze-steroid: Ukuba ukudumba kukhulu, kulawule.
- Utyando: Ukuba ithambo laphukile, ukuba kukho umhlaza, okanye kwezinye iimeko ezinzulu.
- I-Tracheostomy: Inkqubo yotyando apho kufakwa khona ityhubhu kumbhobho womoya ngaphambili entanyeni ukuze kube lula ukuphefumla, ukuba ubunzima bokuphefumla bunzima.
Ngaba umonakalo kwithambo le-hyoid ungathintelwa?
Inyaniso kukuba, uninzi lweemeko ezichaphazela ithambo le-hyoid zizinto esingenakuzilawula. Izinto ezifana neengozi kunye neemeko zonyango ezingaqhelekanga kunzima ukuzithintela. Kodwa kukho izinto ezibalulekileyo esinokuzenza.
Oko kukuthi, ukuba unentlungu engapheliyo entanyeni okanye emqaleni, ubunzima bokuginya, utshintsho kwilizwi lakho, okanye naziphi na ezinye iimpawu ezikhankanyiweyo apha, musa ukuzityeshela kwaye ubone ugqirha ofanelekileyo ngokukhawuleza. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufumanisa isifo kwangethuba kwaye uqale unyango.
Ingcaciso encinci: Ngaba ithambo le-hyoid lifana ne-Adam's Apple?
Le yinto abantu abaninzi abadideka ngayo. Hayi. Ezi zimbini, zimbini.
I-apile ka-Adam yinxalenye ephumayo yentamo, ingakumbi kumadoda, esiyibiza ngokuba yithambo lomqala. Yeyohlobo lwe-thyroid cartilage esiyikhankanyileyo ngaphambili. Ithambo le-hyoid lifumaneka ngaphezulu kwale apile ka-Adam. Ngoko ke nangona ezi zakhiwo zimbini zisondelelene, zingamalungu amabini ahlukeneyo omzimba kwaye imisebenzi yazo yahlukile.
Ithambo le-hyoid lithambo elincinci kodwa elinamandla kakhulu elifihlwe phantsi komhlathi wethu ongezantsi, ngaphakathi komaleko okhuselayo wemisipha, ii-ligaments, kunye ne-cartilage. Lifihliwe kangangokuba asicingi nokucinga ngalo de sibe neentlungu. Nangona le meko ingaqhelekanga, ukuba unesithonga, ubunzima bokuphefumla, ubunzima bokuginya, okanye intlungu engapheliyo entanyeni nasemqaleni wakho, xelela ugqirha wakho. Uza kusebenza nawe ukwenza isicwangciso sonyango esiya kunceda ekunciphiseni iimpawu zakho kwaye sikubuyisele kwindlela yokuphila enempilo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ithambo le-hyoid lelona thambo "lidadayo" kuphela emzimbeni wethu elingadibaniyo nelinye ithambo.
- Eli thambo libaluleke kakhulu kwimisebenzi ebalulekileyo efana nokuthetha, ukuginya ukutya, nokuphefumla.
- Izifo ezinxulumene neli thambo zinqabile kakhulu, kodwa akufuneki zityeshelwe.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezifana neentlungu zentamo ezingapheliyo, umphimbo obuhlungu, ubunzima bokuginya, okanye utshintsho kwilizwi lakho, musa ukuchitha ixesha uye kugqirha.
- Ungaze uzifumanise unesifo kwi-intanethi. Soloko ufuna ingcebiso efanelekileyo kwezonyango.
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