Ngaba uhlala uziva ubuthathaka kwaye amathambo akho ebuhlungu? Okanye ngaba ugqirha wakho ujonge ingxelo yegazi wathi, "Inqanaba lakho le-calcium liphezulu kancinci"? Mhlawumbi isizathu sale meko yimeko esingathethi kakhulu ngayo, kodwa ibaluleke kakhulu. Namhlanje, masithethe ngale meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-hyperparathyroidism ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.
Yintoni i-hyperparathyroidism?
Ngamafutshane, i-hyperparathyroidism iyenzeka xa elinye okanye ngaphezulu kwamadlala akho e-parathyroid eba negalelo elikhulu ekuveliseni i-parathyroid hormone (PTH) eninzi kakhulu. Oku kubangela ukuba amanqanaba e-calcium egazini lakho anyuke. Ngokwezonyango oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-hypercalcemia .
Khawuthelekelele, emva kwe-thyroid gland entanyeni yethu, kukho amadlala amane amancinci anobukhulu obufana nokhozo lwerayisi. La madlala abizwa ngokuba yi-parathyroid glands. Njengebhola elawula inqanaba lamanzi kwitanki yethu yamanzi ekhaya, umsebenzi ophambili wala madlala kukulawula amanqanaba e-calcium kunye ne-phosphate egazini lethu kumanqanaba afanelekileyo.
Nantsi indlela esebenza ngayo:
- Xa amanqanaba e-calcium egazini ehla, la madlala avelisa i-hormone i-PTH.
- Le hormone ye-PTH ithumela umqondiso emathanjeni ethu ukuba "akhuphe ikhalsiyam egazini."
- Ikwaxelela izintso ukuba "zinciphise ubungakanani bekhalsiyam ephuma kumchamo kwaye ziyigcine emzimbeni."
- Emva koko, izintso zivuselela i-vitamin D zize ziyithumele emathunjini ethu . Emva koko, amathumbu afunxa i-calcium ekutyeni esikutya kakuhle.
Le yinkqubo elungeleleneyo kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, kwi-hyperparathyroidism, i-PTH hormone iveliswa ngokugqithisileyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba amathambo akhuphe i-calcium rhoqo, nto leyo ewenza abe mancinci kwaye abe buthathaka. Ukongeza, i-calcium eyongezelelweyo eqokelelana egazini inokufakwa kwizintso (ezinokwenza amatye), imithambo yegazi, intliziyo, kunye nezinye izitho zomzimba, nto leyo ebangela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zempilo.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zale meko?
I-Hyperparathyroidism inokwahlulwa ibe ziintlobo ezintathu eziphambili, ezihlelwa ngokwendlela ezenzeka ngayo.
| Uhlobo | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-hyperparathyroidism ephambili | Ingxaki kule meko ikwi-parathyroid gland ngokwayo. Ithumba (elidla ngokuba lingelilo umhlaza) kwi-gland okanye ukwanda kwe-gland kubangela ukuba umzimba uvelise i-PTH hormone nokuba awuyidingi. |
| I-hyperparathyroidism yesibini | Asikuko ukuba kukho ingxaki yamadlala apha. Esinye isifo (esidla ngokuba yiChronic Kidney Disease) sibangela ukuba amanqanaba e-calcium emzimbeni ehle. Ngenxa yoko, amadlala e-parathyroid aqala ukusebenza ixesha elide ukuze abuyisele ukungabikho kwawo. |
| I-hyperparathyroidism ephezulu | Oku kwenzeka xa imeko yesibini inganyangwanga ixesha elide. Amadlala aqhubeka esebenza nzima kakhulu, ekhula aze avelise i-PTH hormone ngendlela engalawulekiyo. |
Zithini iimpawu?
Uninzi lwabantu abanale meko abanazo iimpawu . Amanqanaba aphezulu e-calcium egazini adla ngokufunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha lovavanyo lwegazi olwenziwe ngesinye isizathu. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu, ingakumbi xa amanqanaba abo e-calcium ephezulu kakhulu, banokufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo:
- Intlungu yamathambo namalungu
- Ubuthathaka bemisipha
- Ukudinwa nokudinwa rhoqo
- Uxinzelelo
- Ubunzima bokugxila kwinto enye
- Umnqweno wokutya
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
- Ukudideka, ukulibala izinto
- Ndiziva ndinxaniwe kakhulu kwaye ndifuna ukuchama rhoqo
- Ukuqhinwa
Khumbula, ezi mpawu zixhaphake kakhulu. Asinguye wonke umntu onazo one-hyperparathyroidism. Kodwa ukuba ezi mpawu ziyaqhubeka, kungcono ukubona ugqirha.
Yintoni ebangela oku?
Makhe sijonge izizathu zeentlobo ezintathu esizixubushe ngokwahlukeneyo ngaphambili.
Izizathu ze-Primary Hyperparathyroidism
- I-Adenoma: Le yithumba elingengomhlaza elenzeka kwi-parathyroid gland. Le yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo ebangela i-primary hyperparathyroidism.
- I-Hyperplasia: Oku kwenzeka xa elinye lamadlala e-parathyroid liba likhulu.
- Umhlaza:Umhlaza weendlala ze-parathyroid yimbangela engaqhelekanga kakhulu .
Izizathu ze-Hyperparathyroidism yesibini
Eyona nto ibangela oku yiChronic Kidney Disease (CKD) . Xa izintso zingasebenzi kakuhle, amanqanaba e-phosphate emzimbeni ayanda kwaye amanqanaba e-vitamin D ayancipha. Oku kubangela ukuba amanqanaba e-calcium egazini ehle. Ngoko ke, ukuze kulungiswe oku kungabikho kwe-calcium, amadlala e-parathyroid avelisa i-PTH hormone eninzi kakhulu.
Ukongeza, ukunqongophala okukhulu kwevithamini D (ngenxa yokungafumani ilanga okanye ukunqongophala kwezondlo) nako kunokubangela oku.
Ungayibona njani le meko?
Ugqirha wakho uza kumamela iimpawu zakho, akuhlole, aze akuthumelele uvavanyo oluthile ukuba uyayikrokrela le meko.
| Uvavanyo | Ingaba ujonge kwintoni? |
|---|---|
| Uvavanyo lwegazi | Amanqanaba e-calcium egazini, i-PTH hormone, i-vitamin D, i-phosphate, kunye nokusebenza kwezintso (i-Creatinine) ayajongwa. |
| Uvavanyo lomchamo lweeyure ezingama-24 | Ubungakanani bekhalsiyam kumchamo obuqokelelweyo kwiiyure ezingama-24 buyalinganiswa. |
| Iskeni seParathyroid | Oku kunokunceda ekuchongeni ukuba yeyiphi indlala esebenza kakhulu. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ngaphambi kotyando. |
| Iskena se-Ultrasound | Isetyenziselwa ukujonga imeko yamadlala kunye nezintso entanyeni. |
| Iskeni soxinano lwamathambo | Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba amathambo alahlekelwe yi-calcium na aze abe mancinci (i-Osteoporosis). |
Iphathwa njani?
Iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke ekubeni unesifo esiphambili okanye sesibini na kunye nobunzima besifo.
Unyango lwe-primary hyperparathyroidism
Isisombululo esilungileyo nesihlala sihleli koku kukwenza utyando (i-parathyroidectomy) ukususa i-gland okanye amadlala asebenza kakhulu. Emva kolu tyando, abantu abangaphezu kwama-90% babuyela kumanqanaba aqhelekileyo e-calcium egazini.
Ukuba ungaphantsi kweminyaka engama-50, uneempawu, une-calcium ephezulu kakhulu, unamatshe ezintso, okanye unamathambo amancinci, ugqirha wakho ngokuqinisekileyo uya kukucebisa ukuba wenze utyando.
Kwiimeko ezingezizo ezinzulu kwaye ezingadingi utyando, ugqirha wakho uya kujonga imeko yakho rhoqo. Angaphinda:
- IiBisphosphonates: La mayeza athintela ukukhutshwa kwecalcium emathanjeni kwaye ayawaqinisa.
- I-Calcimimetics: La mayeza "akhohlisa" amadlala e-parathyroid ukuba anciphise ukuveliswa kwe-hormone ye-PTH.
- Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila: Ungacetyiswa ukuba uyeke ukusebenzisa amayeza athile (umz., i-thiazide diuretics, i-lithium) kwaye wenze utshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo.
Unyango lwe-hyperparathyroidism yesibini
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo apha kukuphatha unobangela oyintloko , njengokulawula isifo sezintso kunye nokunyanga ukungabikho kwevithamini D.
- Umntu onesifo sezintso unokufuna i-dialysis okanye ukufakelwa izintso.
- Amayeza anjengee -phosphate binders anikwa ukunciphisa amanqanaba e-phosphate egazini.
- I-Vitamin D kunye ne-calcimetic drugs nazo zisetyenziselwa le njongo.
Ukuba olu nyango alukwazi ukulawula imeko, utyando lunokufuneka.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, musa ukuthatha iipilisi ze-vitamin D okanye ze-calcium wedwa. Soloko uqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho kwaye uzisebenzise kuphela njengoko uyalelwe. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zinto zinokwenza izinto zibe mbi ngakumbi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Hyperparathyroidism yimeko apho amanqanaba e-calcium egazini enyuka ngenxa yokuveliswa kakhulu kwe-hormone ye-PTH yi-parathyroid glands.
- Uninzi lwexesha, akukho zimpawu zithile. Usenokuba neempawu eziqhelekileyo ezifana nokudinwa kunye nentlungu yamathambo.
- Uhlobo oluphambili lubangelwa yingxaki ekwindlala ngokwayo, ngelixa unobangela oyintloko wohlobo lwesibini sisifo sezintso esingapheliyo.
- Esi sifo sichongwa ngegazi, uvavanyo lomchamo, kunye neeskeni.
- Unyango olungcono kakhulu lohlobo oluphambili kukususwa ngotyando kwendlala echaphazelekayo.
- Soloko uqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa naliphi na iyeza okanye ivithamini.
💬 Comments (0)
No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.
Add Your Comment