Usenokuba ubandezeleka kakhulu ngenxa yemeko ehlala ixesha elide emathunjini akho. Mhlawumbi, nokuba usebenzisa amayeza, le meko kunzima ukuyilawula. Kwimeko enjalo, ugqirha unokucebisa isisombululo sokuba ukhuphe amathumbu amakhulu anesifo ngotyando uze wenze ingxowa ekhethekileyo emzimbeni enokuqokelela inkunkuma. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yingxowa ye-ileal. Masithethe ngayo yonke into ngokulula.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni isikhwama se-ileal?
Khawuthelekelele ukuba amathumbu akho amakhulu (ikholoni) kunye ne-rectum zisusiwe ngotyando ngenxa yesifo esithile. Olu tyando lubizwa ngokuba yi-"Total Proctocolectomy". Ngoko ke emva kokuba lususiwe, udinga indawo yokuqokelela nokugcina inkunkuma (isitulo) eyenziwa emva kokugaya ukutya ngaphambi kokuba kuphume emzimbeni.
Kulapho oogqirha besebenzisa khona isiphelo samathumbu akho amancinci (i-ileum) ukwenza ingxowa encinci emzimbeni wakho. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yingxowa ye-ileal .
Eyona nzuzo inkulu yoku kukuba akufuneki unxibe ingxowa/ingxowa yangaphandle ukuze uqokelele inkunkuma ngaphandle kwesisu sakho. Ungayilawula indlela othumbu ngayo njengesiqhelo.
Ziziphi iintlobo zeemeko zonyango ekufuneka zenziwe olu tyando?
Ayingabo bonke abantu abatyanda olu hlobo. Oogqirha bacinga ngolu khetho ingakumbi xa iimeko ezithile zonyango zingenakulawuleka ngamayeza. Olu tyando, olubizwa ngokuba yi-`(Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis - IPAA)`, lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwezi meko zilandelayo:
- I-Ulcerative Colitis: Le yimeko ebangela ukudumba okuhlala ixesha elide kunye nokudumba emathunjini amakhulu. Le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo xa amayeza engasebenzi.
- I-Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP): Esi sisifo esidluliselwa kwilifa esibangela amakhulu eentsholongwane ezincinci (ii-polyps) kumathumbu amakhulu ezinokukhula zibe ngumhlaza.
- Umhlaza weColontal/Colon: Kwezinye iimeko zomhlaza.
- Umhlaza Weempundu: Kweminye imihlaza eyenzeka kwinxalenye ephezulu yempundu, kunokuba ibe kwinxalenye esezantsi.
Zingaphi iintlobo zezi pouch ezikhoyo?
Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili zezi zingxobo zangaphakathi ezenziwa ngoogqirha botyando.
| Uhlobo lwengxowa | Inkcazo elula |
|---|---|
| Ingxowa ye-J | Olu lolona hlobo lusetyenziswa kakhulu . Ingxowa yenziwa ngokugoba amathumbu amancinci abe yimo kanobumba u-'J'. Iqhagamshelwe ngqo kwi-anus, ukuze ukwazi ukukhupha indle ngokuqhelekileyo. |
| Ingxowa ye-S | Oku kwenziwe ngendlela efana nonobumba u-'S'. Kufana kakhulu ne-J-pouch. Kukwaqhagamshelwe kwi-anus. |
| Ingxowa yeKock / ingxowa yeK | Olu luhlobo olungaqhelekanga kakhulu . Lwenzelwa abantu abangenakukwazi ukuba nezinye iintlobo ezimbini. Apha, isikhwama siqhagamshelwe kwindawo evulekileyo (stoma) eyenziwe eluswini lwesisu. |
Ngoko ke, olu tyando lufanelekile kubani kwaye ngubani ongafanelekanga?
Ukuze olu tyando luphumelele, kufuneka kubekho iindawo ezithile zomzimba wakho ezisebenza kakuhle. Kwakhona, lusenokungafaneleki kubantu abaneengxaki ezithile zempilo.
| Abaviwa Abalungileyo Kolu Gqirha | Abo bangacetyiswanga ukuba batyandwe (Basenokungafaneleki) |
|---|---|
| Abo basele inxalenye yabo yenkqubo yokugaya ukutya isebenza kakuhle. | Abantu abanesifo sikaCrohn (njengoko esi sifo sinokuchaphazela nesikhwama esitsha). |
| Abantu abanezihlunu ze-anal sphincter ezisebenza kakuhle kunye nokukwazi ukulawula ukuhamba kwamathumbu abo. | Abantu abasele bengakwazi ukuzibamba ngandle . |
| Abantu abangazange bonzakale kwimithambo-luvo yesinqe. | Abantu abatyebe kakhulu (udidi lwesithathu lokutyeba) . |
| Iziphumo ziphumelela kakhulu kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-50. Kodwa abantu abasempilweni abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 nabo banokukwenza oku. | Abantu abanomhlaza ophantsi werectal. |
Yintoni onokuyilindela emva kotyando?
Olu asilotyando lwexesha elinye. Ludla ngokwenziwa ngamanqanaba amabini okanye amathathu . Emva kotyando, kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele kangangeveki.
Ekuqaleni, isikhwama sexeshana siya kubekwa ngaphandle kwesisu sakho ngelixa isikhwama esitsha sisaphila. Oku kungathatha iinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu. Emva koko, kuya kwenziwa utyando oluncinci ukuze sisuswe kwaye isikhwama sangaphakathi siqale ukusebenza. Ngeli xesha, iqela lezonyango liya kukunyamekela kakuhle. Ungoyiki ukuthetha nabo ukuba unemibuzo.
Ingaba oku kuphumelele kangakanani? Ngaba kukho iingozi?
Olu lutyando oluphumelele kakhulu. Izinga lempumelelo limalunga ne-95% . Ekuhambeni kwexesha, umgangatho wobomi bakho uya kuphucuka kakhulu. Umzekelo, umntu obene-`(Ulcerative Colitis)` akasayi kuba nomdla wokuya kwigumbi lokuhlambela ngequbuliso njengoko wayenjalo ngaphambili.
Ngokomyinge, kufuneka uzikhulule malunga nezihlandlo ezisixhenxe ngemini. Kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukukwazi ukuyilawula ngaphandle kokungxama xa kufuneka.
Nangona kunjalo, njengazo zonke iintlobo zotyando ezinkulu, kukho iingozi kunye neengxaki.
- I-Pouchitis: Le yeyona ngxaki ixhaphakileyo. Kukudumba okanye usulelo lwesikhwama esitsha esenziweyo.
- Ezinye iingxaki:
- Ukuvuza okuvela kwisingxobo emva kotyando.
- Ukuvaleka kwamathumbu amancinci.
- Ukuqhekeka kwegazi okanye ukopha.
- Ukwakheka konxibelelwano olungaqhelekanga (i-fistula) phakathi kwesingxobo kunye nesinye isitho.
- Ukungakhululeki kulusu olujikeleze i-anus ngenxa yokuhamba rhoqo kwamathumbu.
Umngcipheko wezi ngxaki uphakathi kwe-5% kunye ne-10%. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, kunokufuneka uphinde utyando okanye ukhuphe i-stoma esisigxina. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngayo yonke le nto nogqirha wakho.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha ngokukhawuleza?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha okanye ezingaqhelekanga emva kotyando. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, xelela ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza.
| Iimpawu ekufuneka uziqaphele |
|---|
| Ukudumba okanye ukuqaqamba kwesisu okuhlala ngaphezulu kweeyure ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu. |
| Ukopha. |
| (Ukuba kukho isikhwama sexeshana) utshintsho okanye ukwenzakala kwestoma. |
| Ubunzima bokukhupha indle. |
| Ukuvuza okugqithisileyo. |
| Intlungu ebuhlungu. |
| Ukucaphuka okukhulu, ukuhlanza, okanye urhudo. |
Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukubuyela kubomi obuqhelekileyo? Kuthekani ngokutya nokusela?
Ngokwesiqhelo ungabuyela emsebenzini nakwimisebenzi yakho kwiiveki ezine ukuya kwezisibhozo . Emva kokuba uphilile, ugqirha wakho uya kwenza i-pouchoscopy (ikhamera encinci ejonga ngaphakathi kwingxowa) rhoqo emva kweminyaka emibini ukuqinisekisa ukuba yonke into ilungile.
Xa kufikwa ekutyeni , kunokufuneka wenze utshintsho oluthile kwindlela otya ngayo ukuze ulungele inkqubo yakho entsha yokwetyisa ekuqaleni. Kungcono ukudibana nengcali yesondlo ukuze ufumane icebiso. Kodwa uninzi lwabantu ekugqibeleni luya kukwazi ukutya nantoni na oluyifunayo.
Ngokuphathelele ukukhulelwa , olu tyando aludli ngokuchaphazela amandla akho okufumana abantwana. Nangona kunjalo, ukuze uphephe ukonakala kwemisipha ye-rectum ngexesha lokubeleka, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba kwenziwe i-cesarean section .
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Utyando lweSingxobo se-Ileal lithuba elihle kwabo banengxaki yamathumbu amakhulu ukuba baphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo ngaphandle kwesingxobo esiswini sabo.
- Olu lutyando olunezinga eliphezulu lempumelelo (95%) kwaye luphucula kakhulu umgangatho wobomi.
- Nangona kunjalo, olu lutyando olukhulu olungenazo iingozi kunye neengxaki. Eyona ngxaki ixhaphakileyo yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-pouchitis.
- Kuthatha ixesha elithile ukuba umntu aphile emva kotyando, kwaye ukuvavanywa rhoqo ngugqirha wakho kubalulekile kwimpilo yakhe yexesha elide.
- Ukuba unemibuzo malunga noku, ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho.
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