Sonke siye safumana iingxaki zesisu kunye norhudo emva kokutya ngaphandle. Kodwa ezinye izifo zokutya azilula kangako ukunyanga. Namhlanje sithetha ngohlobo lwesifo sokutya esinokuba yingozi kakhulu, kwaye sibulale abo kufuneka balumke kakhulu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiListeriosis.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iListeriosis?
I-Listeriosis sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa yintsholongwane i- Listeria monocytogenes . Luhlobo lwetyhefu yokutya. Abantu abaninzi bayibiza ngokuba yi-"listeria" ngamafutshane.
Uninzi lwabantu abasempilweni bafumana olu sulelo ngeempawu ezincinci, ezinje ngomkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu, urhudo, okanye ukuhlanza. Kodwa ukuba unenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka okanye ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala , usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana iingxaki ezisongela ubomi.
Okubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqaphele kukuba ukuba ungumama okhulelweyo , olu sulelo lunokudluliselwa kumntwana wakho ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye ngexesha lokubeleka. Oku kunokukhokelela ekuphunyelweni zisisu, ukuzalwa kwabantwana abaswelekileyo, kunye neengxaki zempilo ezinzulu, ubomi bonke bomntwana.
Zithini iimpawu zale ntsholongwane?
I-Listeriosis inokubangela iimpawu ezahlukeneyo kubantu abahlukeneyo. Usenokungabi nazo zonke ezi mpawu. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi ezi mpawu.
| Iimpawu zeListeriosis | |
|---|---|
| Iimpawu ezidla ngokubonakala kuqala | |
| Ifiva | Umkhuhlane ofana ne-fever blister |
| Ndiziva ndibanda kwaye ndingcangcazela | Ukungcangcazela komzimba |
| Intloko ebuhlungu | Intloko ebuhlungu |
| Ukudumba (urhudo) | Indle enamanzi ephuma kwilungu lobufazi |
| Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza | Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza |
| Intlungu yemisipha kunye namalungu | Ukuziva ngathi umzimba wakho ubuhlungu |
| Ndiziva ndidiniwe | Ndiziva ndidiniwe kakhulu ukuba ndingenza nantoni na |
| Ukuba usulelo lusasazeka kwaye imeko iba mandundu (i-Invasive Listeriosis) | |
| Ukudideka | Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo ngequbuliso, ukungakwazi ukuqonda okwenzekayo |
| Ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi yomzimba | Ukuhamba njenge-walrus |
| Ukuqina kwentamo | Ukuqina kwentamo kunye nentlungu eyenza kube nzima ukugoba |
| Ukuxhuzula | Imeko yokuxhuzula okufana nokuqina komzimba |
Zingakanani ixesha iimpawu zikhona?
Le yingxaki ebalulekileyo. Iimpawu zingabonakala kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiiveki ezimbini emva kokutya ukutya okuqulethe intsholongwane. Abanye abantu basenokungaziboni iimpawu ukuya kuthi ga kwinyanga. Ukuba umfazi okhulelweyo ufumana olu sulelo, usenokuba neempawu ezincinci kakhulu okanye angabi nazo kwaphela iimpawu.Ewe, kodwa kusekho umngcipheko wokudlulisela usulelo kumntwana osesiswini.
Le ntsholongwane yeListeria ingena njani emizimbeni yethu?
Ngamafutshane, esi sifo sibangelwa kukutya ukutya okanye isiselo esingcolisiweyo esiqulethe le ntsholongwane. Le ntsholongwane ingaphila ngokwemvelo emhlabeni, emanzini, nakwindlela yokugaya ukutya kwezinye izilwanyana. Ngoko ke, ingongezwa kwizinto ezifana nemifuno neziqhamo ezivela emhlabeni okanye kumgquba. Ezi zingcoliswa ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa ukutya kwezilwanyana.
Enye yezinto ezikhethekileyo zale ntsholongwane kukuba inokukhula nokuba kubushushu obuphantsi befriji. Yiyo loo nto ezinye ukutya ezikwifriji nazo ziyingozi.
Ziziphi ukutya okunokwenzeka ukuba ziqulathe i-listeria?
Kufuneka ulumke ngakumbi ngokutya okulandelayo.
- Inyama elungisiweyo: Inyama efrijini kwaye ityiwa ngaphandle kokufudumeza, njengee-hot dog, ii-cold cuts, kunye ne-deli meat.
- Iintlama ezenziwe ngenyama: Umzekelo, i-pâté kunye ne-meat spreads ezityiwa kwisonka.
- Intlanzi etshayiweyo: Intlanzi, efana ne-lox, etshayiweyo kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi endaweni yokuba iphekwe.
- Iitshizi ezithambileyo: Iitshizi ezithambileyo ezenziwe ngobisi olungagayiwanga, ezifana neBrie, iCamembert, kunye nequeso fresco.
- Ubisi olungenazintsholongwane kunye neemveliso zobisi: Ukwenziwa kwe-pasteurization yinkqubo ebulala iintsholongwane. Ubisi olungafakwanga zintsholongwane, itshizi, kunye ne-ayisikhrim zimizekelo yokutya okungafakwanga zintsholongwane.
- Iziselo zeziqhamo ezingafakwanga iintsholongwane: Iziselo ezifana ne-apple cider.
- Imifuno neziqhamo ezityiwa ziluhlaza ngaphandle kokuhlanjwa: Ingakumbi iziqhamo ezinexolo elifana ne-watermelon kunye ne-cantaloupe, kufuneka uhlambe kakuhle ixolo ngaphambi kokuba ulinqumle. Oku kungenxa yokuba iintsholongwane zingaba khona kwixolo zize zingene ngaphakathi ngemela xa zinqunyulwa.
- Izityalo ezihlumayo: Zizinto ezityiwa ziluhlaza, njengezityalo ezihlumayo zeembotyi eziluhlaza.
- I-sushi eluhlaza yenziwe ngentlanzi eluhlaza.
Esi sifo asisasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye ngokudibana nje okuqhelekileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba asisuleli.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu koku?
Abantu abasengozini enkulu yokugula kakhulu okanye ukufa ngenxa ye-listeriosis baquka:
- Oomama abakhulelweyo: Amajoni abo omzimba atshintsha kancinci ngexesha lokukhulelwa, nto leyo ebenza babe sesichengeni sosulelo.
- Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala: Ngenxa yokuba buthathaka kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela njengoko sikhula.
- Abantu abane-immune system ebuthathaka: Ngenxa yeemeko zempilo ezifana nesifo seswekile, umhlaza, isifo sezintso, okanye abo basebenzisa amayeza okunciphisa amajoni omzimba.
- Iintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa: Kuba amajoni azo omzimba awakakhuli ngokupheleleyo.
Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-listeriosis?
Olu sulelo lwebhaktiriya, oluqala kwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya, lunokusasazeka luye kwezinye iindawo zomzimba ngegazi, nto leyo ebangela iingxaki ezinkulu.
| Ingxaki | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-Meningitis okanye i-Encephalitis | Usulelo lwe-membranes egqume ubuchopho kunye nomqolo okanye ingqondo ngokwayo. |
| I-Septicemia | Iintsholongwane zingena egazini zize zisasazeke emzimbeni wonke. Zikwabizwa ngokuba "yityhefu yegazi." |
| I-Sepsis | Ukonakala kwamalungu omzimba ngenxa yempendulo egqithisileyo yomzimba kwisifo. |
| Iingxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa | Ukuphuma kwesisu, ukuzalwa komntwana eswelekile, okanye ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha. |
| Ezinye izifo | Intliziyo (endocarditis), amathambo (osteomyelitis), inyumoniya, kunye nosulelo lomchamo. |
| Ukufa | Ukuba usulelo lusasazeka emzimbeni wonke, lunokukhokelela ekufeni ukuba alunyangwa. |
Umntwana osuleleke yi-listeriosis ekuzalweni kwakhe okanye umntu osulelo lwakhe lusasazeka engqondweni unokuba neengxaki zempilo ezihlala ixesha elide , ezifana nokulibaziseka kokukhula, ukungaboni, ukukhubazeka, kunye nokuxhuzula.
Ungazi njani ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba unesi sifo?
Ukuba iimpawu zakho zibuhlungu nje besisu, uninzi lwabantu aluyi kukuvavanya. Kodwa ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela oku emva kokubuza ngeempawu zakho kunye nento oyityileyo kutshanje, banokukuqinisekisa ngovavanyo.
Ubukho bale ntsholongwane bunokubonwa ngenkqubo yegazi okanye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ngokuhlola ulwelo lwe-cerebrospinal (CSF) olujikeleze ingqondo kunye nomqolo. Kwimeko kamama okhulelweyo, oku kunokuqinisekiswa ngokuhlola inxalenye ye-placenta emva kokubeleka.
Iphathwa njani?
Ekubeni olu sulelelo lubangelwa yintsholongwane, lunyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane . Kubalulekile ukuthatha amayeza njengoko ugqirha wakho ewayalele ixesha elide. Akuyonto ilungileyo ukuyeka ukuwathatha kwangoko nje ukuba uzive ungcono. Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela ukuba usulelo lubuye.
Ukuba usempilweni, awukhulelwanga, kwaye awukho semngciphekweni weengxaki ezinkulu, unokukwazi ukuchacha kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphandle konyango. Kodwa oko kuxhomekeke kugqirha wakho.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Qiniseka ukuba ufuna ingcebiso kagqirha kwezi meko zilandelayo:
- Ukuba ukhulelwe, uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-65 ubudala, okanye unenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka kwaye uneempawu ze-listeriosis.
- Ukuba kutshanje ufumanise ukuba into oyityileyo ibuyiselwe umva ngenxa ye-listeria, ingakumbi ukuba ukhulelwe.
- Ukuba umntwana wakho omncinci ubonakalisa iimpawu ze-listeriosis.
- Ukuba iimpawu aziphucuki emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane.
Ukuba imeko imbi kakhulu, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho iimpawu ezinje ngokudideka, ukuxhuzula, kunye nokuqina kwentamo, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
Sifanele senze ntoni ukuze sizikhusele koku?
Eyona ndlela ingcono yokuphepha oku kukuxhalabela ukhuseleko lokutya.
- Ziphephe ubisi neemveliso ezingafakwanga iintsholongwane. Xa uthenga nantoni na evenkileni, khangela ilebheli uze ubone ukuba ibhalwe "i-pasteurized."
- Hlamba izandla, iibhodi zokusikela, iimela, kunye nemiphezulu yekhitshi kakuhle ngesepha ngaphambi nasemva kokulungisa ukutya.
- Hlamba imifuno neziqhamo eziluhlaza, ingakumbi iziqhamo ezineexolo ezifana nevatala, ngebrashi phantsi kwamanzi abalekayo.
- Pheka ii-hot dog, amaqanda, kunye neentlanzi zaselwandle zide ziphekwe kakuhle. Ubushushu bangaphakathi kufuneka bube ngama-74 degrees Celsius (165°F).
- Ukuba ukhulelwe, musa ukutya izinto ezifakwe efrijini ezifana ne-pâté kunye ne-meat spreads. Ukuba utya inyama yasemini, yifudumale ide itshaye.
- Coca inyama neentlanzi ezichithekileyo efrijini ngoko nangoko. Gcina inyama eluhlaza kwindawo ephantsi.
Khumbula, iintsholongwane zeListeria ziyatshatyalaliswa xa ukutya kushushu (kuphekiwe) ngokufanelekileyo.
Kumntu oqhelekileyo, ukutyhefeka kokutya kunokuba sisifo esingephi esihlala usuku olunye okanye ezimbini size siphele. Kodwa iintsholongwane ezifana neListeria ngamanye amaxesha zinokubangela iingxaki zempilo ezinzulu. Ukuba ukwiqela elisengozini, lumka ngakumbi ukhuseleko lokutya kwaye uthethe nogqirha wakho ukuba uneengxaki.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Listeriosis yintsholongwane esasazeka ngokutya okungcolileyo.
- Abafazi abakhulelweyo, abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 ubudala, abo baneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka, kunye neentsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa basengozini enkulu yokugula kakhulu ngenxa yesi sifo.
- Umkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba, isicaphucaphu, kunye norhudo ziimpawu eziqhelekileyo. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ukuqina kwentamo, ukudideka, kunye nokuxhuzula kunokwenzeka.
- Iimveliso zobisi ezingagayiwanga, itshizi ethambileyo, inyama ecutshungulweyo, kunye nemifuno neziqhamo ezingahlanjwanga kakuhle kukutya okuyingozi.
- Olu sulelo lunokuthintelwa ngokupheka ukutya kakuhle nangokulandela iindlela zokhuseleko lokutya.
- Ukuba ungomnye weqela elisengozini kwaye uneempawu, bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
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