Ngaba unomhlobo omde kakhulu, oneengalo nemilenze emide, nobhityileyo? Xa sibona umntu onjalo, sicinga ukuba angalungela umdlalo ofana nebhola yomnyazi. Kodwa namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko yempilo eza nezi mpawu zomzimba, esingathethi kakhulu ngazo, kodwa ezinokuba zibaluleke kakhulu. Leyo yiMarfan Syndrome. Ingayichaphazela ngakumbi intliziyo, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iMarfan Syndrome?
I-Marfan syndrome yimeko yemfuza eyenzeka kwiijini zethu. Oku kubangelwa 'yi-connective tissue' emizimbeni yethu engakhuli kakuhle. Cinga ngemizimba yethu njengesakhiwo. Yonke into ekwesi sakhiwo, njengezitena, iindonga, nophahla, ibanjwe kunye kwaye igcinwe yomelele ngesamente. Ngokufanayo, i-connective tissue 'yiglue' enceda ukubamba yonke into emizimbeni yethu, njengezitho, amathambo, kunye nemithambo yegazi, kunye kwaye ihlale yomelele.
Kumntu one-Marfan syndrome, 'intsini', okanye izicubu ezidityanisiweyo, emzimbeni zibuthathaka. Kufana nokwakha indlu ngesamente engabizi kakhulu. Oku kunokuchaphazela iindawo ezininzi, kuquka amehlo, imiphunga kunye nenkqubo yamathambo. Kodwa ezona ziphumo zimbi kakhulu zinokuba sentliziyweni yethu nakwimithambo yegazi emikhulu.
Kutheni oku kuchaphazela intliziyo kangaka? Iingxaki ezimbini eziphambili!
Izicwili ezibuthathaka ezidityanisiweyo zingonakalisa iindawo ezimbini eziphambili zentliziyo.
1. I-Aorta: Lo ngumthambo wegazi oyintloko, omkhulu kunayo yonke othwala igazi lisuka entliziyweni yethu liye emzimbeni wonke. Njengenkqubo ephambili yemibhobho ethwala amanzi esuka kwitanki yamanzi endlwini yethu ukuya kuyo yonke indawo.
2. Iivalvu zentliziyo: Ezi zifana neengcango ezincinci ngaphakathi entliziyweni. Ezi valve ziqinisekisa ukuba igazi lihamba kwicala elinye kuphela.
Ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zithini iziphumo kwezi ndawo zimbini.
1. Kwenzeka ntoni kwi-aorta?
Umntu one-Marfan syndrome unezicwili ezibuthathaka ezidityanisiweyo eludongeni lwe-aorta yakhe. Oku kunokubangela iingxaki ezimbini eziphambili:
- Ukwanda kwe-Aortic: Ngokwesiqhelo, umthambo wegazi uguquguqukayo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yobuthathaka obu, i-aorta iqala ukwanda kancinci kancinci, ingakwazi ukumelana noxinzelelo oluveliswa kukubetha kwentliziyo nganye.
- I-Aortic Aneurysm: Ngamanye amaxesha oku kwandiswa akupheli nje. Eyona ndawo ibuthathaka yomthambo iqala ukudumba njengebhaluni. Le yinto esiyibiza ngokuba yi-"Aortic Aneurysm". Le yeyona ngxaki iyingozi ye-Marfan syndrome. Kuba le bhaluni efana nebhaluni ingadumba (iqhekeke) okanye ikrazuke (iqhekeke) nangaliphi na ixesha. Yimeko engxamisekileyo esongela ubomi.
2. Kwenzeka ntoni kwiivalvu zentliziyo?
Izicwili ezibuthathaka ezidityanisiweyo zinokubangela ukuba iivalvu zentliziyo zingasebenzi kakuhle. Zinokuba buthathaka kwaye zingavaleki kakuhle. Yiyo le nto:
- Ukubuyiselwa kweValve: Ukuba ivalve ayivali kakuhle, igazi lingavuza kwakhona entliziyweni. Oku kubangela ukuba intliziyo isebenze nzima ukupompa igazi emzimbeni. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kunokukhokelela ekungasebenzini kwentliziyo. Ezona valve zixhaphakileyo yiAortic Valve kunye neMitral Valve.
- I-Mitral Valve Prolapse: Kule meko, i-mitral valve kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo iba buthathaka kwaye ayivaleki kakuhle, kodwa endaweni yoko iyagoba.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba malunga nabantu abalithoba kwabalishumi abaneMarfan syndrome baya kuba neengxaki zentliziyo okanye ze-aortic, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukukwazi oku.
Zithini ezi mpawu zesifo sentliziyo? Sizibona njani?
Kwiimeko ezininzi, kusenokungabikho zimpawu kwizigaba zokuqala. Nangona kunjalo, ezi mpawu zinokubonakala njengoko i-aorta ikhula okanye iingxaki zevalvu zisiba mandundu. Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Intlungu esifubeni okanye emqolo ongasentla | Kuyingozi kakhulu ukuba intlungu ivele ngequbuliso kwaye inzima. |
| Ukuphefumla nzima okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla | Ukudinwa okubangelwa kukuhamba kancinci okanye ukusebenza. |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo (ukuziva ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza) | Ukuziva ngathi isantya sentliziyo yakho siyatshintsha okanye isifuba sakho siyabetha ngamandla. |
| Ukuziva unesizungu okanye unentloko ebuhlungu | Ukuziva unesizungu xa umi okanye uvuka ngequbuliso. |
| Ukudinwa okungaqhelekanga kunye nobuthathaka | Ukuhlala ndiziva ndidiniwe ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
| Ukudumba kwemilenze neenyawo | Kusenokuba luphawu lokungasebenzi kakuhle kwentliziyo. |
Ugqirha ufumanisa njani esi sifo kanye kanye?
Ukuchonga isifo seMarfan kunokuba nzima kancinci kuba ayinguye wonke umntu oneempawu ezifanayo, ngoko ke ugqirha uya kujonga izinto ezininzi.
- Uvavanyo lomzimba: Ugqirha uza kujonga ubude bakho, ubude bengalo nomlenze, ubude bomnwe, imo yesifuba sakho, amehlo kunye nomqolo wakho.
- Imbali yezonyango yosapho: Ekubeni esi sisifo esizuzwa njengelifa, uya kubuzwa ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe waba nezi mpawu okanye wasweleka ngenxa yokuma kwentliziyo ngequbuliso.
- Uvavanyo olukhethekileyo: Kuyenziwa uvavanyo oluninzi ukuze kuchongwe imeko yentliziyo.
- I-Echocardiogram: Oku kufana nokuskena kwentliziyo. Ingabona ngokucacileyo izinto ezinje ngobukhulu be-aorta kunye nomsebenzi weevalvu.
- I-Electrocardiogram (EKG): Oku kunceda ukujonga umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo, oko kukuthi, ukubona ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki ngesingqisho sentliziyo.
- Uvavanyo lweMfuzo: Uvavanyo lwegazi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba unayo na inguqu yemfuza ebangela iMarfan syndrome.
- Ukuphepha imisebenzi ebangela uxinzelelo olukhulu entliziyweni. Umzekelo, imidlalo enefuthe elikhulu efana nokuphakamisa iintsimbi, iragbi, kunye nebhola ekhatywayo ayifanelekanga.
- Ukuba i-aorta iba banzi ngendlela eyingozi, kwenziwa utyando ukuze ingakrazuki (iqhekeke). Kungcono ukuyicwangcisa ngaphambi kokuba ibe yingxamiseko.
- Ugqirha angakunika amayeza anje nge-"Beta-blockers" okanye "ARBs". La mayeza asebenza ngokulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi nokunciphisa uxinzelelo kwi-aorta. Oku kunciphisa isantya sokwanda kwemithambo yegazi.
- Ukususa inxalenye eyonakeleyo ye-aorta kunye nokuyilungisa ngetyhubhu yokwenziwa (i-graft).
- Ukulungisa okanye ukutshintsha iivalvu zentliziyo ezingasebenzi kakuhle ngevalvu yokwenziwa.
- Kubalulekile ukuba kwenziwe iskeni efana ne-echocardiogram ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka ukuze kujongwe ubungakanani be-aorta. Oku kunokunceda ekuchongeni naziphi na iingxaki kwangethuba ukuba ziyavela.
- Xa ububanzi be-aorta budlula iisentimitha ezi-5.
- Ukuba umthambo ukhula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu kungekapheli nonyaka.
- Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onembali yokuqhekeka kwe-aorta.
Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onesi sifo okanye oneempawu ezifanayo, ukuxelela ugqirha wakho ngaso kuyanceda kakhulu ekufumaneni isifo.
Kulungile, ngoku zeziphi iindlela zonyango zoku?
I-Marfan syndrome ayinakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo. Kuba yinto ekhoyo kwizakhi zofuzo zethu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho unyango oluhle kakhulu lokulawula umonakalo oluwenzayo entliziyweni, ukuthintela iimeko ezinzulu, kunye nokuvumela abantu ukuba baphile ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Unyango lunokwahlulwa lube ziinxalenye ezimbini eziphambili.
| Unyango Olungelulo Utyando | Unyango lotyando |
|---|---|
Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila: | Kutheni utyando luyimfuneko?: |
Amayeza: | Iintlobo zotyando: |
Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kwezonyango: | Utyando luyacetyiswa xa: |
Iimeko ezingxamisekileyo ezifuna ukungeniswa esibhedlele ngoko nangoko! (Iimpawu Zesilumkiso)
Ezi mpawu zinokuba ziimpawu zokuqhekeka komthambo okanye ukuqhekeka komthambo. Ukuba kukho nayiphi na kwezi, yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) elikufutshane ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
| Ukuba unale mpawu, yiya kwi-ETU ngoko nangoko! | |
|---|---|
| - Intlungu engathethekiyo, esifubeni, emqolo, okanye esiswini . | - Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla. |
| - Ukulahlekelwa zingqondo. | - Ukuba ndindisholo okanye ukurhawuzelela kwinxalenye yomzimba. |
| - Ukubila kakhulu, ulusu olubandayo. | - Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza. |
Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba uphile kamnandi une-Marfan syndrome?
Ewe ngokwenene! Kwiminyaka eyadlulayo, ubomi babantu abanale meko babufutshane. Kodwa namhlanje, ngenxa yonyango oluphambili, ukuxilongwa rhoqo, kunye notyando, umntu one-Marfan syndrome unokuphila ubomi obusempilweni, nokuba sele eneminyaka engama-70 okanye engama-80, njengomntu oqhelekileyo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuhlala unxibelelana nogqirha wakho rhoqo, ulandele imiyalelo yakhe ngokuchanekileyo, uhlolwe ngexesha, kwaye usebenzise amayeza akho ngokuchanekileyo.
Ngokukodwa, ukuba umfazi one-Marfan syndrome uceba ukukhulelwa, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka adibane nogqirha wentliziyo kunye nogqirha wezifo zabesifazane ngaphambi kokuba akhulelwe. Ngenxa yokuba uxinzelelo entliziyweni luphezulu ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kufuneka kuthathwe ingqalelo ekhethekileyo.
Ngokuqonda le meko, ukuthatha amanyathelo afunekayo, nokuphila ngengqondo ephilileyo, unokukhusela intliziyo yakho kwaye uphile ubomi obude nobunempilo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Marfan syndrome sisifo esidluliselwa kwilifa esibuthathaka izicubu zomzimba ezidityanisiweyo.
- Oku kunokuba nemiphumo emibi kakhulu entliziyweni nakwimithambo yegazi ephambili, i-aorta.
- Ukwanda kwe-aorta kunye ne-aneurysm zezona ngxaki ziyingozi kakhulu.
- Kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ngexesha elicwangcisiweyo kwaye wenze iiskeni ezifana ne-echocardiogram.
- Ziphephe izinto ezibangela uxinezeleko entliziyweni, njengokuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo.
- Lumka ngeempawu ezilumkisayo, ezinje ngentlungu yesifuba engxamisekileyo neqatha.
- Ngolawulo olufanelekileyo nonyango, ungaphila ubomi obude nobuqhelekileyo ngokupheleleyo.
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