Ngamanye amaxesha iintlungu esizivayo ziba nzima kangangokuba azinakulawulwa ngeepilisi zokudambisa iintlungu eziqhelekileyo. Kwakhona, abanye abantu bayasokola ukwahlukana nomlutha onzima njengokusebenzisa iziyobisi. I-Methadone liyeza elinamandla kakhulu elicetyiswa ngoogqirha kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo ezinjalo. Ekubeni inikwa njengenaliti, siza kuthetha ngayo ngokucacileyo namhlanje.
Yintoni iMethadone?
Ngamafutshane, iMethadone liyeza elisetyenziselwa iinjongo ezimbini eziphambili.
1. Lawula iintlungu eziqatha: Inikwa xa ezinye iintlungu zingakwazi ukulawula iintlungu okanye xa umzimba ungakwazi ukuzinyamezela. Isebenza ngokuthintela imiqondiso yentlungu ukuba ingafiki engqondweni.
2. Ukunyanga Ingxaki Yokusebenzisa I-Opioid: Eli yeza linikwa abantu abaxhomekeke kwiziyobisi ezifana ne-heroin ukuze babancede bayeke. Lisebenza ngokunciphisa iimpawu zokurhoxa kunye nokunqwenela eli yeza.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba xa usebenzisa oku njengonyango lomlutha, iziphumo ezilungileyo ziyafumaneka xa zidityaniswe neengcebiso kunye nonyango lokuziphatha.
I-Methadone liyeza elikwiqela leziyobisi ze -opioid kwaye kufuneka lithathwe kuphela phantsi kweliso likagqirha.
Izinto ekufuneka uzixelele ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba usebenzise eli yeza
Kulungile, oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokuba unikwe i-methadone, ugqirha wakho kuya kufuneka azi imbali yakho epheleleyo yempilo. Ingakumbi ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi meko zingezantsi, kufuneka umxelele ngayo.
| Imeko/umkhwa wempilo | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ingqondo kunye nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo | Iimeko ezifana nomhlaza wobuchopho, ukwenzakala entloko, okanye ukuxhuzula. |
| Intliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi | Isifo sentliziyo, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi. |
| Inkqubo yokuphefumla | Isifo semiphunga, i-asthma, okanye ezinye iingxaki zokuphefumla. |
| Isibindi kunye nezintso | Isifo sesibindi okanye sezintso. |
| Ezinye iimeko zonyango | Isifo se-thyroid, ukusebenza okuphantsi kwe-adrenal gland, kunye neengxaki zamathumbu. |
| Imikhwa kunye nempilo yengqondo | Ukusela utywala rhoqo, ukukhotyokiswa zezinye iziyobisi, ukugula ngengqondo. |
| Amanye amayeza athathwayo | Ukuba usele amayeza e-MAOI (umz. iParnate) kwiintsuku ezili-14 ezidlulileyo. |
| Iziganeko ezikhethekileyo | Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye uzama ukukhulelwa, ukuba uncancisa, okanye ukuba ukhe waba ne-allergy kwi-methadone okanye naliphi na elinye iyeza okanye ukutya. |
Isetyenziswa njani le gonyo?
Olu gonyo lufakwa phantsi kwesikhumba, kwisihlunu, okanye emthanjeni. Luhlala lunikwa esibhedlele okanye eklinikhi.
Kwakhona, ukuba kufuneka usebenzise eli yeza ekhaya, uya kufundiswa indlela yokulilungiselela nokulithatha ngokufanelekileyo. Lisebenzise kanye njengoko kuyalelwe, kuphela ngamaxesha afanelekileyo. Ungaze uthathe ngaphezu komlinganiselo omiselweyo nangaliphi na ixesha.
Wenza ntoni ngeenaliti ezisetyenzisiweyo?
Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Ungaze ulahle iinaliti kunye neesirinji ezisetyenzisiweyo kwinkunkuma eqhelekileyo. Zifanele zifakwe kwisikhongozeli esikhethekileyo se-sharps esinokususwa. Ukuba awunayo, buza iqela lakho lezempilo malunga nendlela yokuyifumana.
Kuthekani ukuba ndithatha amayeza amaninzi kakhulu?
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba uthathe ngaphezu komlinganiselo omiselweyo wale mayeza, yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko elikufutshane (i-ETU) ngoko nangoko. Okanye, fowunela iZiko loLwazi lweTyhefu leSizwe kwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke saseColombo .
Eli yeza limiselwe wena wedwa. Ungaze ulinike omnye umntu.
Amanye amayeza anokusebenza kunye nale mayeza
I-Methadone liyeza elinokusebenzisana namanye amayeza amaninzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba xa lisetyenziswa namanye amayeza, iziphumo zaloo mayeza okanye i-methadone zinokutshintsha, okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu zinokwenzeka.
Ngokukodwa, ungaze uthathe iMethadone namayeza alandelayo:
- Amanye amayeza osulelo lwefungus (umz. i-ketoconazole, i-voriconazole)
- Amanye amayeza okuthintela ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo (umz. i-quinidine, i-dronedarone)
- Amayeza afana neCisapride, iPimozide, neThioridazine
Ukongeza, iingxaki zinokubakho kwamanye amayeza amaninzi. Umzekelo:
- Utywala
- Amayeza okulwa ne-aleji, ukukhwehlela, kunye nomkhuhlane
- Amayeza okulwa nentsholongwane kaGawulayo okanye i-AIDS
- Amayeza okudakumba, ixhala, okanye ukungakwazi ukulala
- Amayeza okulwa nokuxhuzula (umz. i-carbamazepine, i-phenytoin)
- Amanye amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane (umz. i-clarithromycin, i-erythromycin)
- Iziphumzi zemisipha ezisetyenziswa ngexesha lotyando
- Ezinye iipilisi zokuphelisa iintlungu ze-opioid okanye iisiraphu zokukhwehlela
Olu luhlu aluphelelanga. Ngoko ke, qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo, kuquka iivithamini, amayeza emifuno, kunye nezongezo zesondlo. Kubalulekile nokuxelela ugqirha wakho ukuba uyatshaya, usela utywala, okanye usebenzisa ezinye iziyobisi.
Izinto ekufuneka uzilumkele xa usebenzisa amayeza
- Bona ugqirha wakho rhoqo: Yiya ekliniki ngeentsuku ezicwangcisiweyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba unyango lwakho luhamba kakuhle.
- Xelela ugqirha wakho ngeentlungu: Ukuba usela oku ngenxa yeentlungu, xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba iintlungu azipheli, ukuba ziya zisiba mandundu, okanye ukuba unentlungu entsha.
- Musa ukuyeka ngequbuliso: Umzimba wakho uyaqhela eli yeza. Ngoko ke ungaze uyeke ukulisebenzisa ngequbuliso ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho. Ukwenza njalo kunokubangela iimpendulo eziqatha. Ukuba uyeka, yenza njalo ngokwengcebiso kagqirha wakho, ngokunciphisa kancinci umthamo.
- Umngcipheko wokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo:Ukuba uthatha oku njengonyango lomlutha, musa ukuzama ukuthatha eli yeza ukuze woyise imiphumo yalo mayeza. Oku kunokukhokelela ekufeni.
- Ukozela nokuphapha: Eli yeza linokukwenza uzive ulele kwaye unesiyezi. Ukuphapha kwakho kusenokuphazamiseka. Ngoko ke, kuphephe ukuqhuba okanye ukusebenzisa oomatshini de wazi ukuba eli yeza likuchaphazela njani.
- Lumka xa uvuka: Ukuze uphephe isiyezi kunye nokuquleka, yima kancinci xa uvuka ekuhlaleni okanye ulele.
- Ukuqhina: Eli yeza linokubangela ukuqhina. Ukuba unengxaki yokuqunjelwa ixesha elingaphezu kweentsuku ezi-3, thetha nogqirha wakho.
- Yazi ngeNaloxone: INaloxone liyeza elisindisa ubomi elinokunikwa xa kukho i-opioid overdose. Qaphela iimpawu zokusela kakhulu (ukuphefumla kancinci , ukozela kakhulu, ukungakwazi ukuvuka). Ukuba unikwe eli yeza, xelela usapho lwakho kunye nabantu obathandayo apho likhoyo kunye nendlela yokulisebenzisa. Emva kokunika i-naloxone, umntu olinike lona kufuneka atsalele i-ambulensi yongxamiseko.
Zeziphi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga endinokuzifumana?
Njengayo nayiphi na imithi, i-methadone inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Ezinye zimbi kakhulu, ezinye zixhaphakile.
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ekufuneka zixelwe kugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko | |
|---|---|
| Iimpendulo ze-Allergic | Ukurhawuzelela kwesikhumba, ukurhawuzelela, ukudumba kobuso, imilebe, ulwimi okanye umqala. |
| Ukudakumba kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo ephakathi (uxinzelelo lwe-CNS) | Ukuphefumla kancinci okanye kancinci, ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukozela kakhulu, ukudideka, kunye nobunzima bokuvuka. |
| Utshintsho kwisantya sentliziyo | Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza okanye ngokungangqalanga, isiyezi, ukuquleka, iintlungu zesifuba. |
| Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi | Ukudinwa, ukuquleka, ukubona izinto ezingaqondakaliyo. |
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo ekufuneka zixelwe kugqirha ukuba ziyaqhubeka | |
| Ukuqhinwa | Ukudinwa kunye nokozela |
| Umlomo owomileyo | Intloko ebuhlungu |
| Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza | Intlungu, ukubomvu, okanye ukudumba apho kufakwe khona inaliti. |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Methadone liyeza elinamandla kakhulu elisetyenziselwa ukunyanga iintlungu ezinzima kunye nokuxhomekeka kwi-opioid. Lifanele lisetyenziswe kuphela phantsi kweliso likagqirha.
- Xelela ugqirha wakho ngazo naziphi na ezinye izifo onazo kunye namayeza owasebenzisayo.
- Ungaze wabelane ngeli yeza nabanye abantu, kwaye uligcine kwindawo ekhuselekileyo kude nabantwana nezilwanyana zasekhaya.
- Qaphela iimpawu zokusebenzisa kakhulu iziyobisi (ukuphefumla kancinci, ukozela kakhulu). Ukuba ubona nayiphi na kwezi, yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) ngokukhawuleza.
- Musa ukuyeka ukuthatha eli yeza ngequbuliso ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
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