Oko kufuneka ukwazi malunga novavanyo lwe-MBI (i-Molecular Breast Imaging)

Kuqhelekile ukuba abafazi abaninzi bazive besoyika kwaye bexhalabile xa besiva igama elithi umhlaza webele. Kunjalo nangovavanyo olwenziwayo ngenxa yawo. Mhlawumbi ingxelo yakho ye-mammogram ithi 'izicubu zebele ezixineneyo', okanye ugqirha wakho uthe kukho into eyahlukileyo kwingxelo, unemibuzo emininzi ezayo engqondweni yakho. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngovavanyo olukhethekileyo olunokunceda ngamaxesha anjalo kwaye sifumane ulwazi oluthe kratya. Olu luvavanyo lweMolecular Breast Imaging, okanye uvavanyo lwe-MBI ngamafutshane.

Ngamafutshane, yintoni olu vavanyo lwe-MBI?

Kulungile, masichaze oku ngokulula. I-MBI luhlobo olukhethekileyo lovavanyo olukwicandelo lezonyango elibizwa ngokuba yi-nuclear medicine. Musa ukoyika xa usiva igama elithi "nuclear medicine." Oku kuquka ukufaka into encinci kakhulu, ekhuselekileyo ene-radioactive (esiyibiza ngokuba yi-tracer) emzimbeni wakho kwaye uyisebenzisele ukukhangela iiseli zomhlaza.

Cinga ngeeseli zomhlaza njengeeseli ezihlala zilambile kwaye zinomnqweno wokutya. Xa sinika umzimba loo tracer, ezi seli zomhlaza zinomnqweno wokutya zifunxa loo tracer ngokukhawuleza nangaphezulu kunezinye iiseli eziphilileyo eziqhelekileyo. Emva koko, xa siyijonga ngekhamera ekhethekileyo, iindawo apho loo tracer iqokelele khona kakhulu, oko kukuthi, iindawo apho kunokubakho iiseli zomhlaza, zibonakala ngathi kukhanyisiwe isibane. Yileyo ndlela esichonga ngayo iindawo ezikrokrisayo.

Uya kuludinga nini uvavanyo lwe-MBI?

Ayinguye wonke umntu oya kufuna uvavanyo lwe-MBI. Kukho iimeko ezithile ezikhethekileyo apho ugqirha wakho angacebisa olu vavanyo.

• Ukuba sele ufumana unyango lomhlaza webele: Olu vavanyo lunceda ekuboneni ukuba unyango lwakho lusebenza kangakanani na kunye nokuba iiseli zomhlaza ziyasuswa na.
• Ukuba unezicubu zebele ezixineneyo: Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Xa unezicubu zebele ezixineneyo, i-mammogram eqhelekileyo ngamanye amaxesha inokungaziboni iithumba ezincinci kuba zombini umhlaza kunye nezicubu eziphilileyo zibonakala zimhlophe. Nangona kunjalo, i-MBI inokuba luncedo kakhulu ekufumaneni umhlaza kwaba bantu kuba ziiseli zomhlaza kuphela ezibonakala zikhanya.
• Ukuba kukho indawo ekrokrisayo kwi-mammogram yakho okanye kwi-ultrasound scan report: I-MBI inokukunceda ufumane umfanekiso ocacileyo waloo ndawo ikrokrisayo kwaye iqinisekise ngakumbi ukuba ngumhlaza okanye akunjalo.
• Ukuba ufunyenwe unomhlaza webele: Olu vavanyo lukwasetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukuba iiseli zomhlaza zisasazeke na kwezinye iindawo zebele ukongeza kumhlaza ngokwawo.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-MBI kunye ne-3D Mammogram?

Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abanawo. "Kutheni i-mammogram inganelanga? Yintoni umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwezi zimbini?" Masibone oku ngokucacileyo kwitheyibhile.

Ndingazilungiselela njani ngaphambi kovavanyo lwe-MBI?

Kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzenze ngaphambi kolu vavanyo. Ukulandela ezi zinto kanye kunokunyusa ukuchaneka kovavanyo.

• Ukutya Neziselo: Kuphephe ukutya okumanzi nokutya okuqinileyo njengobisi ubuncinane iiyure ezintathu ngaphambi kovavanyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-tracer ifunxwa ngcono ziiseli zebele xa ulambile.
• Amanzi: Kodwa akulunganga ukuvumela umzimba wakho uphelelwe ngamanzi emzimbeni. Ngoko ke sela ulwelo oluninzi olucacileyo olufana namanzi kunye nejusi.
• Izifo ezifana nesifo seswekile: Ukuba unesinye isifo esifana nesifo seswekile, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ngokuzila ukutya.
• Umjikelo wenyanga: Ukuba kunokwenzeka, zama ukucwangcisa olu vavanyo phakathi kweentsuku zesi-7 nese-14 zomjikelo wakho wenyanga. (Usuku lokuqala lwenyanga yakho lubalwa njengosuku loku-1.) Nangona kungcono ukwenza uvavanyo ngeli xesha, lungenziwa nangaliphi na ixesha xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo?

Ukwazi kwangaphambili into omawuyilindele ngomhla wovavanyo kuya kunceda ekunciphiseni ixhala lakho.

1. Okokuqala, uza kusiwa kwigumbi labucala, ucelwe ukuba ukhulule zonke iimpahla kunye nezacholo ukusuka esinqeni ukuya phezulu, uze unxibe ilokhwe yesibhedlele.

2. Emva koko uza kusiwa kwigumbi elinekhamera ye-gamma uze uhlale esitulweni esiphambi komatshini.

3. Okulandelayo, i-cannula encinci (umgca we-IV) ifakwa kumthambo osengalweni yakho, apho i-radioactive tracer ifakwa khona emzimbeni wakho.

4. Kufuneka ulinde malunga nemizuzu emi-3 ukuya kwemi-5 ukuze i-tracer ingene kwizicubu zebele.

5. Emva koko i-scan iyaqala. Oku kungathatha imizuzu engama-20 ukuya kwengama-40. Ngeli xesha, njengakwi-mammogram, ibele liya kucinezelwa kancinci ngomatshini. Kodwa akufuneki kube buhlungu.

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kovavanyo?

Emva kokuba iskeni igqityiwe, umgca we-IV ongalweni yakho uya kususwa. Uya kukwazi ukunxiba ngendlela eqhelekileyo uze ugoduke. Iqela lakho lezonyango liya kukucebisa ngento omawuyenze ngokulandelayo, ngosuku oza kufumana ngalo iziphumo zakho, kunye nonyango olongezelelweyo.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iingozi kolu vavanyo?

Njengakuyo nayiphi na uvavanyo lwezonyango, kukho iingozi ezincinci ezibandakanyekayo, kwaye kubalulekile ukuba uzazi.

Ukuvezwa kwimitha

Musa ukoyika ukuva igama elithi "radioactive." Ngexesha le-MBI, uchaphazeleka kumlinganiselo omncinci kakhulu wemitha . Oku kuthathwa njengomlinganiselo okhuselekileyo, ofana nomlinganiselo oza kubonakaliswa kuwo ngexesha le-mammogram eqhelekileyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, iingenelo zokufumanisa umhlaza kwangethuba zingaphezulu kakhulu kuneengozi zalo mlinganiselo mncinane wemitha.

Iimpendulo ze-Allergic

Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba abanye abantu babe ne-aleji kwi-tracer. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ukurhawuzelelwa lusu, ukurhawuzelelwa, okanye ukurhawuzelelwa.
• Isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla okanye isingqisho sentliziyo esingaqhelekanga (ezi zinqabile kakhulu, zisenzeka kwipesenti encinci yabantu, malunga ne-0.01% - 0.04%).

Yintoni esinokuyifunda kwiziphumo?

Ingcali ye-radiology iza kuhlola imifanekiso yakho ye-MBI.

• Isiphumo Esiqhelekileyo: Ukuba akukho ndawo ikhanyayo kwiskeni, kudla ngokuthathwa njengesiphumo "esiqhelekileyo". Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba uza kuyenza nini i-mammogram yakho elandelayo.
• Ukuba kukho iindawo ezikrokrisayo: Ukuba indawo ekwiskeni ibonakala ikhanya, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho iiseli ezikhula ngokukhawuleza kuloo ndawo. Ayizizo zonke ezo ndawo eziya kuba ngumhlaza. Kodwa ukuze ufumane ngokuqinisekileyo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba kwenziwe i-biopsy yaloo ndawo. Oko kuthetha ukuthatha iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lethishu kuloo ndawo ikrokrisayo uze ulihlole phantsi kwe-microscope. Leyo yindlela yokuqiniseka ngokupheleleyo ukuba ezo seli zinomhlaza okanye akunjalo.

Luchane kangakanani uvavanyo lwe-MBI?

Izifundo zibonise ukuba uvavanyo lwe-MBI luvavanyo oluchanekileyo kakhulu.

• I-MBI isetyenzisiwe ukufumanisa umhlaza webele kwi-90% yezigulane ezirhaneleka ukuba zinomhlaza webele.
• Olu vavanyo lukwazile ukubona i-82% yomhlaza omncinci kakhulu, omncinci kune-10 millimeters.
• Oku kuchaneka kufana noko kwenziwa kwi-MRI yebele.
• Okubaluleke kakhulu, uphando lubonisa ukuba uvavanyo lwe-MBI lunceda ekufumaneni umhlaza webele izihlandlo ezibini ukuya kwezithathu ngaphezu kwe-mammogram yodwa .

Iimammogram eziqhelekileyo yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokubona umhlaza webele kwangethuba. Kodwa xa i-mammogram iyodwa ingabonisi mfanekiso ucacileyo, uvavanyo lwe-MBI sisixhobo esinamandla esibonelela ngolwazi olongezelelweyo noluxabisekileyo. Kukho ezinye iimvavanyo, ezifana ne-ultrasound yebele kunye ne-MRI yebele. Uvavanyo ngalunye luneengenelo kunye neengxaki zalo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba wena nogqirha wakho nithethe kunye ukuze nikhethe iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokuhlola imeko yakho, kwaye ukuba kukho umhlaza, unokufunyaniswa kwaye unyangwe ngokukhawuleza.