Khawucinge nje ukuba umntwana wakho une-allergy kwii-peanuts. Ngoko ke ngalo lonke ixesha umsa epatini okanye umsa esikolweni, uba noloyiko olukhulu engqondweni yakho. "Owu, kuthekani ukuba umntu ukunika iqhekeza lekhekhe elinee-peanuts? Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba iqhekeza elincinci lingena emlonyeni womntwana wakho ngengozi?" Olu loyiko, olu xinzelelo, mhlawumbi luqhelekile kuwe. Ngabo kuphela abaye bahlangabezana nalo abayaziyo indlela enzima ngayo ukuphila ne-allergies yokutya okunjalo. Kodwa, ngaba ukhe weva ngonyango olutsha olunokukunceda uthi ndlela-ntle kolu loyiko? Yiloo nto siza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Oral Immunotherapy (OIT)?
Nangona igama lisenokuvakala liyinkimbinkimbi, le ngcamango ilula. I-Oral Immunotherapy (OIT) lunyango lwe-allergies yokutya. Ibandakanya ukukunika ukutya okuncinci kakhulu okubangela i-allergy (ngokwezonyango okubizwa ngokuba yi-allergen) phantsi kweliso elibukhali lengcali ye-allergy.
Cinga ngale ndlela. Unikwa ukutya okubangela i-aleji, njengeyeza, phantsi kweliso likagqirha. Okokuqala, uqala ngomlinganiselo omncinci kakhulu ongenakukwazi nokuwubona. Emva koko, ngokuhamba kwexesha, wonyusa ngononophelo umthamo.
Eyona njongo iphambili yoku kukwenza "isifo" kancinci kancinci inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela komzimba ifikelele ekutyeni okubangela i-aleji. Ngokwesiqhelo, umzimba wakho uphosisa iproteni ekutyeni njenge "ntshaba eyingozi" uze uqalise ukulwa nayo. Yiyo loo nto ibangela i-aleji. Kodwa kunyango lwe-OIT, singenisa "utshaba" emzimbeni wakho kancinci kancinci, ngoko ke ekuhambeni kwexesha inkqubo yakho yokuzikhusela komzimba iyaqonda, "Owu... akangomntu uyingozi kangako." Sibiza oku ngokuthi "ukungaziva." Oko kukuthi, umzimba awusaziva kangako koko kutya.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba emva kolu nyango, ukuba ngempazamo utye ukutya okubangela i-allergy encinci, uya kukwazi ukuthintela impendulo eqatha.
Ngawaphi amalungiselelo ekufuneka enziwe ngaphambi kokuba kuqalwe unyango lwe-OIT?
Le asinto onokuyiqala nje. Kufuneka yenziwe ngendlela ecwangcisiweyo, emva kokuthetha nogqirha wakho. Ngokwesiqhelo, kuya kufuneka ugqibezele ezi zinto ngaphambi kokuba wenze oku.
| Kwenziwe ntoni | Kutheni kunjalo? |
|---|---|
| Uvavanyo lwe-aleji Uvavanyo lolusu kunye novavanyo lwegazi. | Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ngokwenene une-aleji kuloo nto yokutya, nokubona ukuba unyango luyasebenza na, ukufumana isiseko ngaphambi nasemva konyango. Ngokukodwa, inqanaba le-antibody ebizwa ngokuba yi-IgE liyalinganiswa. |
| Ukulawula kakuhle i-asthma kunye ne-eczema | Ukuba ezinye iimeko zokunganyamezelani nezi zinto azilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo, umngcipheko wokusabela okuyingozi ngexesha lonyango lwe-OIT uphezulu . |
| Ukuthenga izinto eziyimfuneko Izixhobo zokulinganisa kunye nokutya okukuthethwa ngako (njengecephe, intlama). | Kubalulekile ukuzithatha yonke imihla ngokwedosi echazwe ngugqirha wakho. Kukho iipowders ezikhethekileyo ze-allergies zamandongomane, ezifana nePalforzia®. |
| Ukufumana i-Epinephrine Auto-Injector Umzekelo: EpiPen®, Auvi-Q® | Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo neyimfuneko . Le yigonyo enokusindisa ubomi bakho ukuba une-allergy eqatha ngequbuliso (i-anaphylaxis). Awunakuqala unyango lwe-OIT ngaphandle koku . Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika i-prescription yale nto. |
Le nkqubo yonyango yenzeka njani?
Le nkqubo yonke inokwahlulwa ibe zizigaba ezibini eziphambili: "isigaba sokunyuka" kunye "nesigaba sokulungisa."
1. Isigaba sokuhlaziya
Eli lixesha elisebenza kakhulu lonyango.
- Usuku loku-1: Kuya kufuneka uqale uye eofisini kagqirha okanye ekliniki. Apho, phantsi kweliso likagqirha, uya kunikwa inani elincinci kakhulu lokutya okubangela i-allergies. Ugqirha uya kuchaza yonke into malunga nokuba kufuneka utye kangakanani kwaye ulinganise njani. Baya kuba bekulungele ukukunyanga ukuba kukho naziphi na iimpembelelo.
- Ekhaya: Emva koko, loo dosi yokuqala ebhalwe ngugqirha, kufuneka uyithathe ekhaya yonke imihla. Kungcono ukuyithatha ngexesha elifanayo kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
- Rhoqo emva kweeveki ezimbini: Uza kucelwa ukuba ubuye uye kubona ugqirha wakho rhoqo emva kweeveki ezimbini. Apho, phantsi kweliso likagqirha, umthamo wakho uza kunyuka kancinci. Emva koko uza kuya ekhaya usele umthamo omtsha yonke imihla.
Ngale ndlela, idosi inyuswa kancinci kancinci rhoqo emva kweeveki ezimbini de ugqirha afikelele kwidosi ekujoliswe kuyo.
2. Isigaba soLondolozo
Wakuba ufikelele kuloo dosi ekujoliswe kuyo, "isigaba solondolozo" siqala.
- Okwenzekayo apha kukuba uqhubeka uthatha idosi ephezulu oyithathileyo ekugqibeleni ngempumelelo yonke imihla .
- Le dosi yolondolozo kufuneka ithathwe ubuncinane iinyanga ezintandathu.
- Emva kweenyanga ezintandathu, ugqirha wakho uza kwenza olunye uvavanyo lwegazi ukuze abone ukuba inqanaba lee-antibodies emzimbeni wakho nxamnye nokutya liye lehla na.
- Ngamanye amaxesha, ungenza novavanyo lwe-"Food Challenge Test." Oku kuthetha ukuba esibhedlele, phantsi kweliso likagqirha, unikwa inani elincinci lokutya okubangela i-allergies ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho impendulo na.
- Ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zolu vavanyo, ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba kufuneka uqhubeke nokuthatha idosi yolondolozo yonke imihla, okanye ukuba ukuyithatha iintsuku ezimbalwa ngeveki kuya kwanele.
Khumbula, nokuba ngexesha lonyango, kubalulekile ukuba uhlale uphethe i-epinephrine auto-injector yakho , kuba amathuba okuba kwenzeke ngequbuliso akapheli ngokupheleleyo.
Yeyiphi imithetho ekufuneka ilandelwe ngexesha lonyango?
Ukuze olu nyango luphumelele, kwaye ukhuseleke, kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzilandele. Ukulandela ezi zinto kunokunciphisa iingozi ezininzi ezingeyomfuneko.
| Umthetho omawulandelwe | Kutheni kunjalo? |
|---|---|
| Gcina amayeza kufutshane. Soloko ugcina amayeza akho okulwa ne-allergy kunye ne-EpiPen engaphelelwa lixesha kuwe. | Kuba ukuba kwenzeka imeko engxamisekileyo, kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo akhawulezileyo. |
| Musa ukuthatha isisu esingenanto. Yitya ukutya ngaphambi kokuba uthathe idosi. | Ukusela idosi ungenanto kwandisa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye ukusabela. |
| Yithathe ngexesha. Thatha idosi yanamhlanje zingakapheli iiyure ezimbini emva kwedosi yangozolo (iiyure ezimbini ngaphambili okanye kamva). | Gcina amanqanaba azinzileyo eziyobisi emzimbeni kwaye unciphise umngcipheko weempendulo. |
| Kuphephe ukuzilolonga nokuhlamba ngamanzi ashushu. Kuphephe ukwenza umthambo onzima kunye nokuhlamba ngamanzi ashushu iiyure ezimbini ngaphambi nasemva kokuthatha idosi. | Ezi zinto zinokunyusa ukujikeleza kwegazi emzimbeni kwaye zonyuse umngcipheko wokuba ne-allergy. |
| Musa ukuthatha i-ibuprofen. Musa ukuthatha i-ibuprofen (efana ne-Advil®, i-Motrin®) yokunciphisa iintlungu kwiiyure ezi-3-4 ngaphambi nasemva kokuthatha idosi yakho. | La mayeza anokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba umntu abe ne-allergy. |
| Musa ukuthatha idosi ukuba uyagula. Kuphephe ukuthatha idosi ukuba unesifo esifana nomkhuhlane, ukukhwehlela, okanye ukuhlanza. | Xa ugula, umzimba wakho usengozini enkulu yokusabela. Kwakhona, unokudibanisa iimpawu zesifo kunye neempawu zempendulo ye-allergy. Qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba utsibe idosi. |
Wenza ntoni ukuba usabela ngequbuliso?
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo ekufuneka wonke umntu ayazi. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika imiyalelo ecacileyo malunga neempawu ekufuneka uziqaphele, ixesha lokusebenzisa i-EpiPen, kunye nexesha lokungena kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele.
Ukuba ufumana enye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo eziyingozi , musa ukulibazisa .
- Ukudumba kobuso, imilebe, ulwimi, okanye umqala
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla
- Ukuziva uxinezelekile esifubeni
- Ukuvela kwamaqhuqhuva amaninzi amakhulu (ii-hives) emzimbeni wonke
- Ukuhlanza
- Ubungqindilili ezandleni, ezinyaweni, okanye emilebeni
- Ubuthathaka bomzimba, isiyezi, ukuquleka
- Ukuziva ngathi kukho intshabalalo ezayo (ukuziva uloyiko olukhulu, ngathi "kukho into eza kwenzeka kum").
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, sebenzisa i-EpiPen yakho ngoko nangoko kwaye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane ngokukhawuleza.
Ngaba akukho mingcipheko kolu nyango?
Njengalo naluphi na unyango lwezonyango, i-OIT ineengozi ezithile.
- Umngcipheko ophambili yi-allergy enzima ebizwa ngokuba yi-"anaphylaxis" esithethe ngayo ngaphambili. Yiyo loo nto olu nyango kufuneka luhlale lwenziwa phantsi kweliso likagqirha kwaye akufuneki luzame ekhaya lodwa .
- Ukongeza, iintshukumo ezincinci ezifana namadyungudyungu amancinci eluswini kunye nokuphazamiseka okuncinci kwesisu kunokwenzeka.
- Enye ingozi engaqhelekanga kodwa enzima yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -Eosinophilic Esophagitis . Oku kukudumba komqala. Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nokuhlanza okanye ukuziva ukutya kubambekile emqaleni wakho, kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Abantwana abancinci banokwala ukutya. Le meko idla ngokuphela xa unyango lwe-OIT luyekisiwe.
Zithini iingenelo kunye namazinga empumelelo onyango lwe-OIT?
Eyona nzuzo iphambili yolu nyango kukuba lususa uxinzelelo olukhulu ebomini bakho. Eyona nto ilungileyo ngokuphila ngaphandle koloyiko lwengozi enkulu ukuba ngengozi utye isiqwenga sokutya okubangela ukuba umntu angabi naso isifo. Abanye abantu, ingakumbi abantwana abaqala unyango besebancinci , bade baqhele ukutya ukutya okuqhelekileyo ngaphandle koloyiko emva kokugqiba i-OIT.
Ngokuphathelele impumelelo, izifundo zibonisa ukuba olu nyango lusebenza kakhulu kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-4 ubudala. Umzekelo, kuphononongo lwe-OIT ye-allergy yamandongomane, ngaphezulu kwama-70% abantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-1 nengama-4 ubudala bakwazile ukutya iproteni elingana ne-peanut kernel ngaphandle kweengxaki.
Ugqirha wakho ngumntu ofanelekileyo ukugqiba ukuba oku kulungile kuwe okanye kumntwana wakho. Olu lunyango olufuna ukuzinikela okukhulu kwaye luthatha ixesha. Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngayo yonke imibuzo yakho kunye noloyiko lwakho nogqirha wakho kwaye wenze isigqibo esinolwazi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Unyango lwe-Oral Immunotherapy (OIT) alulovavanyo olwenziwa ngokwakho. Lunyango olufanele lwenziwe kuphela phantsi kweliso elipheleleyo lengcali .
- Eyona njongo iphambili yoku kukukhusela kwiimpembelelo eziyingozi ezinokwenzeka xa ukutya okubangela ukuba umntu angakuthandi ukutya kutyiwe ngempazamo.
- Oku kufuna ukuzinikela okukhulu kunye nexesha kusapho. Luhambo olude .
- Kuyo yonke inkqubo yonyango,Kubalulekile ukuba uhlale uphethe i-EpiPen kwaye wazi indlela yokuyisebenzisa.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho une-allergy yokutya, thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ufunde okungakumbi ngonyango lwe-OIT.
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