Masifunde ngakumbi ngomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo ohlala ufunyanwa nguwe nomntwana wakho.

Sonke siyayazi ingqele eqhelekileyo. Ingakumbi kusapho olunabantwana abancinci, ingqele eqhelekileyo ligama esiliva rhoqo. Ngamanye amaxesha unokucinga, "Kutheni umntwana wam efumana ingqele engaka?" Namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba yintoni kanye kanye ingqele eqhelekileyo, kutheni isenzeka, kunye nendlela yokuyinyamekela.

Yintoni kanye kanye umkhuhlane?

Ngamafutshane, umkhuhlane lusulelo oluchaphazela inkqubo yethu yokuphefumla ephezulu, oko kukuthi, impumlo nomqala, olubangelwa yintsholongwane . Abantu abadala banokufumana umkhuhlane ngamanye amaxesha, kwaye abantwana abancinci banokufumana loo mkhuhlane ukuya kuthi ga kwizihlandlo ezisibhozo ngonyaka. Enyanisweni, umkhuhlane sesona sizathu sokuba abantwana bahlale ekhaya bengayi esikolweni baze baye kugqirha.

Kutheni sifumana umkhuhlane onje?

Uninzi lwemikhuhlane lubangelwa ziintsholongwane ezibizwa ngokuba ziirhinovirus . Ezi ziintsholongwane ezincinci kakhulu esingenakuzibona ngamehlo ethu. Ezi ntsholongwane zikhutshwa emoyeni xa umntu onomkhuhlane ekhohlela okanye ethimla. Okanye zinokufika ezandleni zethu xa sichukumisa indawo enentsholongwane kuyo. Emva koko, xa ezi ntsholongwane zifikelela kumgca othambileyo wempumlo okanye umqala, inkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba iqala ukusebenza. Le mpendulo yiyo ebangela ukuba sibe nomqala obuhlungu, intloko ebuhlungu, kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla ngempumlo yethu.

Enye into kukuba ukoma – nokuba kungaphakathi okanye ngaphandle – kunciphisa ukumelana kwemizimba yethu nezi ntsholongwane. Oku kuthetha ukuba xa imozulu yomile, sinokuba nomkhuhlane ngokulula. Ngokufanayo, ukuba uyatshaya, unokuba nomkhuhlane. Iimpawu zinokuba nzima kakhulu kwaye zihlale ixesha elide kunezinye. Ngamanye amaxesha zinokudlulela kwi -bronchitis okanye i-pneumonia . Ngoko ke ukuba phakathi kwabantu abatshayayo kunokubangela umkhuhlane ebantwaneni.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ungangenwa ngumkhuhlane kuba nje unganxibanga jakethi okanye isweta, kuba ubukwindawo enomoya, okanye kuba uphume iinwele zakho zimanzi. La ngamabali nje adlulileyo.

Zithini iimpawu zomkhuhlane?

Ngokwesiqhelo, xa umkhuhlane uqala, uvakala ngathi kukho into ekhaphukhaphu emqaleni . Emva koko impumlo iyavaleka, okanye i-mucus iqale ukubaleka, kwaye umntwana uqala ukukhala. Abantwana abancinci banokuziva bediniwe kakhulu . Basenokuba nomphimbo obuhlungu, ukukhohlela, intloko ebuhlungu, iintlungu zomzimba, kunye nokuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya. Abanye abantwana banokuba nomkhuhlane omncinci . I-mucus ephuma empumlweni isenokuba namanzi ekuqaleni, kodwa kamva inokuba tyheli okanye ibe luhlaza . Oku kuqhelekile kwaye akukho nto ibalulekileyo.

Ingaba umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo uyosulela?

Ewe, umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo sisifo esosulelayo kakhulu . Ingakumbi emva kokuba ukugula kuqalile.Ixesha elisulelayo kakhulu ziintsuku zokuqala ezimbini ukuya kwezine. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha intsholongwane inokudluliselwa kwabanye ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezimbini emva kokuba ukugula kuphelile.

Oku kudluliselwa njani?

• Ngokuqhagamshelana ngqo nomntu.
• Ukuba siphefumla amasuntswana eentsholongwane akhutshwa emoyeni xa umntu osulelekileyo ekhohlela okanye ethimla , la masuntswana eentsholongwane anokuhamba ukuya kuthi ga kwiimitha ezili-12! Khawucinge nje...
• Ukuba uchukumisa into enentsholongwane kuyo, njengesixhobo somnyango okanye ithoyi, uze uchukumise umlomo okanye impumlo yakho ngaloo sandla sinye .

Umkhuhlane uhlala ixesha elingakanani?

Iimpawu zihlala zibonakala emva kweentsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu emva kokuba intsholongwane ingenile emzimbeni. Uninzi lomkhuhlane luyaphola kwiveki . Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokuba neentsuku ezimbalwa. Kuyahluka kumntu nomntu.

Gqirha, wazi njani ukuba ngumkhuhlane nje?

Xa usisa umntwana wakho kugqirha, usenokungakwazi ukukuxelela ngqo ukuba yeyiphi intsholongwane ebangela esi sifo. Zininzi iintlobo zeentsholongwane ezibangela umkhuhlane. Kodwa ugqirha uza kuhlola umphimbo neendlebe zomntwana wakho . Basenokuthatha ne-culture yomphimbo . Oku kwenzelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimpawu azibangelwa yenye imeko efuna unyango, njenge -strep throat .

Ukuba iimpawu ziya zisiba mandundu emva kweentsuku ezintathu, isenokuba yimeko efana ne -sinusitis , i-pneumonia , okanye i-bronchitis . Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu ukuba umntwana ukufutshane nomntu otshayayo.

Ngaphandle koko, ukuba iimpawu zihlala ixesha elingaphezu kweveki, zivela ngexesha elifanayo minyaka le, okanye ukuba umntwana ufumana ezi mpawu xa echaphazeleka yi-pollen, uthuli, okanye izilwanyana, oko kusenokuba yi-allergy . Ngokufanayo, ukuba ukuphefumla kuba nzima okanye ukuphefumla kuvakala xa kukho umkhuhlane, kusenokuba yi-asthma .

Uyinyanga njani ingqele?

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba umkhuhlane sisifo esizithintelayo esihlala siphela ngokwaso ngaphandle konyango oluthile . Oku kuthetha ukuba amayeza awanakuwubulala umkhuhlane. Nangona kunjalo, ungasebenzisa amayeza ukunciphisa iimpawu, ezifana neentlungu zomzimba, iintloko ezibuhlungu, kunye nomkhuhlane. Unganika umntwana wakho i-paracetamol okanye i-ibuprofen, ngokwemiyalelo ekwiphakheji, kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka yakhe kunye nobunzima bakhe.

Kodwa nantsi into ekufuneka uyikhumbule ngokuqinisekileyo: Ungaze unike abantwana abancinci okanye abantwana abancinci i-aspirin. Ukunika i-aspirin kunokubangela isifo sikaReye.Imeko eyingozi kakhulu, engaqhelekanga enokuba yingozi ebomini inokwenzeka.

Iingcali ezininzi zonyango ngoku zithi akunangqondo ukunika abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-6 ubudala amayeza okunciphisa ukuxinana kunye ne -antihistamines ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha. Akukho bungqina buncinci bokuba la mayeza ayasebenza ngokwenene. Ukongeza, la mayeza okunciphisa ukuxinana anokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kubantwana abancinci, ingakumbi kwiintsana, ezinje ngokubona izinto ezingekhoyo, ukucaphuka, kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga .

Awunakukwazi ukuthintela ukubanjwa ngumkhuhlane?

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeentsholongwane ezibangela umkhuhlane kangangokuba akukho gonyo lisebenza kuzo zonke. Kodwa singenza izinto ezincinci ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana umkhuhlane. Jonga ukuba ungenza na ezi zinto:

• Zigcine kude nabantu abanomkhuhlane kangangoko unako. Oku kunokuba nzima kancinci kubantwana abancinci, kodwa zama konke okusemandleni akho.
• Lumka umsi otshayayo. Ukuba kukho umntu otshayayo endlwini, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubaxelela ukuba bangatshayi xa bekunye nomntwana.
• Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo kwaye kakuhle ngesepha. Ingakumbi emva kokuphefumla impumlo yakho, ngaphambi kokutya, nasemva kokubuya ngaphandle.
• Xa ukhohlela okanye uthimla, gquma umlomo wakho ngethishu okanye ngengalo yakho. Musa ukuzichukumisa izandla zakho, kuba oku kunokusasaza intsholongwane kwezinye iindawo.
• Musa ukwabelana ngeetawuli, iiglasi zokusela, okanye izixhobo zokutyela nomntu onomkhuhlane.
• Musa ukuzichukumisa iilebha okanye iithishu ezisetyenziswe ngabanye abantu.

Abanye abantu bathi ukuthatha izongezo ze-zinc kunye nezongezo ze-vitamin C kunokunciphisa ixesha lomkhuhlane kwaye kunciphise iimpawu. Kodwa oku akukaqinisekiswa. Kwakhona, ukuthatha ezi zinto ezininzi yonke imihla kunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Izifundo ngamayeza emifuno afana ne -Echinacea azizange zivelise iziphumo ezilungileyo. Kukwakho nophando oluncinci kakhulu lwesayensi malunga nokunika abantwana abancinci ezi zinto.

Ngoko ke, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba unike umntwana wakho naliphi na iyeza lezityalo okanye nayiphi na ivithamini edlula isibonelelo semihla ngemihla esicetyiswayo (RDA).

Singabazali singabanceda njani abantwana bethu?

Kukho izinto ezininzi onokuzenza ekhaya ukunceda umntwana wakho akhululeke xa enesifo somkhuhlane:

• Ukuba impumlo yakho ivalekile, faka amathontsi etyuwa – oko kukuthi, amathontsi amanzi anetyuwa – emakhaleni akho. Oku kuya kunceda ukukhulula incindi yempumlo engaphakathi kwempumlo yakho kwaye kuncede ukuba iphume.
• Ukuba umoya osegumbini womile, sebenzisa i-humidifier ukwandisa ukufuma emoyeni.
• Ukuba iphantsi lempumlo yakho liba bomvu kwaye lome emva kokuba uyihlikihlile, faka ijeli yepetroleum encinci.
• Ukuba umphimbo wakho ubuhlungu, nika amaconsi okukhwehlela okanye iilekese eziqinileyo, ezilungiselelwe abantwana abaneminyaka engaphezu kwemithandathu ubudala kuphela.
• Ukuba uneentlungu zomzimba, ungathatha ibhafu eshushu okanye ufake i-heating pad .
• Ukuba impumlo ixinene kakhulu, vula ishawa eshushu kwigumbi lokuhlambela uze umshiye umntwana apho okwethutyana de agcwale umphunga. Ukuphefumla lo mphunga kuya kunceda ukukhupha impumlo.

Kuthekani ngesuphu yenkukhu?

Sonke sivile ukuba isuphu yenkukhu ilungile kwi-mucus yakho. Akukho bungqina bokwenyani bokuba ukusela isuphu yenkukhu kuyanceda kwi-mucus yakho. Kodwa abantu bebekholelwa oku kangangeminyaka engaphezu kwama-800. Isuphu yenkukhu ine-amino acid ebizwa ngokuba yi-cysteine , ekuthiwa inceda i-mucus encinci. Olunye uphando lubonise ukuba isuphu yenkukhu inokunceda ukulawula ii-neutrophils , iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezibangela ukuxinana kwempumlo.

Nangona kunjalo, musa ukucinga kakhulu ngezinto ezinje ‘ufanele umondle umntwana wakho xa enomkhuhlane, akufanele ummondle xa enomkhuhlane.’ Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukumtyisa umntwana wakho xa elambile, kwaye umnike amanzi amaninzi kunye nejusi yeziqhamo ukunceda ekuzaliseni ulwelo alulahlayo xa enomkhuhlane okanye impumlo egobhozayo.

Ngawaphi amaxesha afanelekileyo okubonana nogqirha?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho unento engaphezulu nje komkhuhlane nje, okanye ukuba imeko yakhe iya isiba mandundu endaweni yokuba ngcono, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha. Kwakhona, mse umntwana wakho kugqirha ngoko nangoko ukuba unezinye zezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Ukuba ukhohlela nge-mucus eninzi.
• Ukuba kunzima ukuphefumla, ukuba uziva ngathi uyafuthanisela.
• Ukuba ujongeka udiniwe ngendlela engaqhelekanga.
• Ukuba awukwazi ukugcina ukutya nokusela kuncinci, ukuba uyahlanza, ukuba unengxaki yokusela nokuba ngamanzi amancinci.
• Ukuba intloko iya isiba mandundu.
• Ukuba uneentlungu ezikhulayo ebusweni okanye emqaleni.
• Ukuba umqala wakho ubuhlungu kangangokuba awukwazi ukuginya.
• Ukuba umkhuhlane ungama-39.3 degrees Celsius (103 degrees Fahrenheit) okanye ngaphezulu, okanye ukuba umkhuhlane ungama-38.0 degrees Celsius (101 degrees Fahrenheit) okanye ngaphezulu kangangeentsuku ezingaphezu kwesinye.
• Ukuba uziva iintlungu esifubeni okanye esiswini sakho.
• Ukuba ii-lymph nodes entanyeni zidumbile (oko kukuthi, ukuba zibonakala ngathi ziqhuma entanyeni).
• Ukuba uneendlebe ezibuhlungu.

Ngoko ke, zeziphi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizikhumbule kweli bali?

Ekubeni umkhuhlane uyinto ebangelwa yintsholongwane, akukho ndlela yokuwunyanga. Uzifikela kwaye uzihambele wodwa xa sele uqalile. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuqinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho uphumla ngokwaneleyo kwaye usela ulwelo oluninzi - amanzi, ijusi yeziqhamo, njl.Yeyona nto ingcono onokuyenza ukuze umntwana wakho azive ekhululekile ade aphile.

Ukuqhubeka nemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla, njengokuya esikolweni, akuyi kuyenza ibe mandundu ingqele. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba wenza njalo , usenokuba nethuba lokusasaza esi sifo kwabanye abafundi kunye nootitshala . Ke ngoko, kungcono ukumsusa okwethutyana umntwana wakho kwimisebenzi yakhe yemihla ngemihla de aphile.

Ungakhathazeki, i-eczema yimeko eqhelekileyo ebantwaneni abancinci. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukunika ingqalelo kwiimpawu, unike umntwana wakho ukuphumla okwaneleyo, kwaye ufune iingcebiso zonyango ukuba kuyimfuneko.

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