Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva intlungu esifubeni sakho, isicaphucaphu ? Okanye ngaba unengxaki yokuphefumla xa unyuka izinyuko? Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu ezincinci zokuba imithambo yegazi (imithambo yegazi) entliziyweni yethu ivalekile kancinci. Nangona abantu abaninzi besoyika "ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo", ngenxa yokuqhubela phambili kwezonyango namhlanje, kukho iindlela zokususa ezo zivalo ngaphandle kotyando olukhulu. Yiyo loo nto sithetha ngendlela yonyango ebaluleke kakhulu neyanamhlanje namhlanje.
Yintoni i-PCI? Ngamafutshane...
I-PCI, emele i- Percutaneous Coronary Intervention , yinkqubo yezonyango elula esetyenziselwa ukususa ukuvaleka kwimithambo yentliziyo ehambisa igazi entliziyweni. Usenokuba ukhe weva ngayo njenge- "angioplasty." Elo ligama elidala layo.
Khawucinge nje ukuba umbhobho wamanzi endlwini yethu uvalekile luthuli, aze amanzi ahambe kancinci, akunjalo? Yiyo loo nto izinto ezinje ngamafutha kunye ne-cholesterol zifakwa kwimithambo yentliziyo yethu, zithintele ukuhamba kwegazi. Kunyango lwe-PCI, isixhobo esincinci kakhulu esifana nebhaluni sifakwa kumthambo ovalekileyo, sivuthelwe, kwaye umthambo uvulwe kwakhona.
Amaxesha amaninzi, ityhubhu encinci ye-mesh, ebizwa ngokuba yi -stent, ifakwa ngokusisigxina emthanjeni ukuze ingaphinde ivaleke. Uninzi lwee-stents ezisetyenziswayo namhlanje luhlobo olukhethekileyo olukhupha iyeza kancinci kancinci ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba umthambo uvaleke kwakhona. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba zii-stent ezisebenzisa iziyobisi .
Ngubani ngokwenene odinga olu nyango?
Ukuba umaleko omkhulu wamafutha kunye neoyile uqokelelana ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi yentliziyo yakho, ngokwezonyango siwubiza ngokuba yi-atherosclerosis . Lo maleko wamafutha siwubiza ngokuba yi-plaque . Le meko ithintela ukuhanjiswa kwegazi entliziyweni yakho. Kulapho unokufumana khona iimpawu ezifana nezi:
- Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukuqina (i-angina)
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla
Okubaluleke kakhulu, i-PCI ikwasetyenziswa ngokukhawuleza njengonyango olusindisa ubomi kumntu oye waba nesifo sentliziyo, kuba inokuvula ngokukhawuleza umthambo ovalekileyo kwaye inciphise umonakalo entliziyweni.
Lwenziwa njani unyango lwe-PCI? Makhe sibone inyathelo ngenyathelo
Olu nyango lwenziwa yingcali yentliziyo engenelelayo. Uza kunikwa amayeza okukwenza ulale kwaye uzole ngeli xesha. Ngoko awuyi kuva ntlungu, kodwa uza kuba uphilile engqondweni. Masichaze indlela esebenza ngayo le nkqubo.
| Amanyathelo | Kwenzekani? |
|---|---|
| 1. Ukufumana ukufikelela | Ugqirha wenza umngxuma omncinci kakhulu esihlahleni sakho okanye ethangeni elingaphezulu aze afake umbhobho omncinci (isingxobo) ngawo uye kumthambo wegazi. |
| 2. Ukuthumela i-catheter | Ngaloo mbhobho, umbhobho ocolekileyo ngakumbi, obizwa ngokuba yi-catheter, udluliselwa kumthambo ovalekileyo entliziyweni. |
| 3. Ukufunyanwa kokuvaleka | Uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwedayi (idayi yokwahluka) luyafakwa, kwaye iteknoloji ye-X-ray isetyenziswa ukujonga imifanekiso ephilayo ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. Njengefilimu. Emva koko ungabona kanye apho ibhloko ikhoyo. |
| 4. Ukuvula umthambo | Ngokufutha ibhaluni encinci encamini ye-catheter, umaleko wamafutha obambekileyo ucinezelwa eludongeni lomthambo, uvula indlela yokuhamba kwegazi. |
| 5. Ukubeka i-stent | Ukuze umthambo ungaphindi unciphe, ukuba kuyimfuneko, kufakwa i-stent kuloo ndawo. |
| 6. Ukugqiba | I-catheter iyasuswa kwaye indawo yokufaka ivalwe ngebhandishi yokucinezela okanye izitishi ezincinci. |
Le nkqubo yonke idla ngokuthatha imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwiiyure ezimbini, kuxhomekeke ekubeni imithambo yakho ivalekile kangakanani.
Ngaba wonke umntu angalufumana olu nyango?
Hayi. Wena nogqirha wakho kuya kufuneka nigqibe kunye ukuba loluphi unyango olukulungeleyo. Nokuba ufuna i-PCI, amayeza kuphela, okanye utyando olukhulu (iCoronary Artery Bypass Graft - CABG) kuya kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi. Umzekelo, inani lemithambo yegazi evalekileyo, indlela intliziyo yakho esebenza ngayo, kunye nokuba unezinye izifo.
Iingenelo, iingozi, kunye nexesha lokubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo
Njengalo naluphi na unyango lwezonyango, olu luneengenelo kunye neengozi ezincinci.
Iingenelo eziphambili zezi:
- Ukubuyiselwa kokuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni.
- Iimpawu ezifana neentlungu zesifuba kunye nokuphefumla kancinci ziyanyamalala.
- Akukho nzima njengotyando lwe-bypass kunye nexesha elifutshane lokuchacha.
Iingozi ezinokubakho:
- Ukopha okanye usulelo kwindawo yokufaka i-catheter.
- Kuvela ihlwili legazi ngaphakathi kwi-stent (kunikwe izinto zokunciphisa igazi ukuthintela oku).
- Umthambo ofanayo uyavaleka kwakhona (kodwa le ngozi ingaphantsi kwe-5% ngenxa ye-stent ebangela ukuba amayeza angasebenzi).
- Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba kubekho istroke.
Ngokwesiqhelo ungaphinda uqalise imisebenzi eqhelekileyo kwiveki emva kwe-PCI. Nangona kunjalo, kunokufuneka uyeke ukwenza izinto ezifana nokuphakamisa izinto ezinzima okwethutyana. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi (umz., i-clopidogrel, i-ticagrelor) achazwe ngugqirha wakho ixesha lonke leyeza, ngaphandle kokuphoswa lusuku olunye.
Lumka kwezi mpawu! Bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza!
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo emva konyango lwe-PCI, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane.
- Ukopha, ulwelo olufana nobovu, okanye ukudumba kwindawo yokufaka i-catheter.
- Intlungu yesifuba (i-angina) iphinda ivele.
- Umkhuhlane okanye ukubanda.
- Ukuba ndindisholo okanye ukubanda kakhulu engalweni okanye emlenzeni apho kufakwe khona i-catheter.
- Ukuba nesiyezi okanye ukuquleka (syncope) .
- Ubunzima obukhulu bokuphefumla.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-PCI yindlela yonyango yanamhlanje, ekhuselekileyo, nesebenza kakuhle esetyenziselwa ukuvula imithambo yegazi evalekileyo entliziyweni.
- Oku kunceda kakhulu ekusindiseni ubomi xa umntu ehlaselwa yintliziyo ngequbuliso.
- Nangona ukuchacha kukhawuleza emva konyango, kubalulekile ukuthatha amayeza anikwe ngugqirha, ingakumbi amayeza okunciphisa igazi, lonke ixesha.
- Ukuthintela ukuvaleka kwakhona kwemithambo yegazi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba nemikhuba emihle yokuphila efana nokuyeka ukutshaya, ukutya ukutya okunempilo, kunye nokuzilolonga.
- Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nempilo yentliziyo yakho, thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho wentliziyo uze wenze izigqibo ezifanelekileyo.
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