Ngaba kukho umntu osondeleyo kuwe, mhlawumbi umama wakho, utata wakho, okanye iqabane lakho, oqale ukuziphatha ngendlela eyahlukileyo ngequbuliso? Ngaba ngequbuliso unomsindo? Okanye ngaba wenza izigqibo ezingenangqondo neziguquguqukayo? Uninzi lwethu, xa sibona ezi mpawu, sicinga ngoko nangoko ukuba esi sisifo sika-Alzheimer. Yinyani, sisifo esiqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, nangona kukho ukufana nesifo sika-Alzheimer, kukho esinye isifo esahlukileyo, kodwa esingaxhaphakanga kangako. Namhlanje sithetha ngeSifo sikaPick.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni isifo sikaPick?
Isifo sikaPick luhlobo lwe-dementia . Njengoko usazi, i-dementia yimeko echaphazela izinto ezifana nenkumbulo, ukucinga, kunye nokuziphatha. Ifana kakhulu nesifo sika-Alzheimer, kodwa ayixhaphakanga kangako. Esi sifo sichaphazela kakhulu iindawo zengqondo ezilawula iimvakalelo zethu, ukuziphatha, ubuntu, kunye nokukwazi kwethu ukuthetha . Oogqirha bakwabiza ngokuba yi-'Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD).' Oko kuthetha ukuba iindawo zangaphambili nezecala lobuchopho zonakele.
Khawuthelekelele ukuba ingqondo yethu inenkqubo yemizila kaloliwe ehambisa izondlo ngasemva nangasemva. Ukuze le mizila ihlale ithe tye, njengemizila kaloliwe, uhlobo oluthile lweproteni luyanceda. Ezi sizibiza ngokuba ziiproteni ze-tau .
Kwingqondo yomntu onesifo sikaPick, ezi protein ze-tau azisebenzi kakuhle. Ziyahlangana kwaye zenze amaqoqo. Sizibiza ngokuba zii-proteni clumps ezingaqhelekanga. Ezi Pick bodies zibangela ukuba imizila kaloliwe idibane kwaye iphume. Emva koko iiseli zengqondo azifumani izondlo ezizifunayo, kwaye ziyafa kancinci kancinci. Umonakalo owenzeka engqondweni ngale ndlela awunakuguqulwa, uhlala uhleli.
Esi sifo sidla ngokufunyaniswa siphakathi kweminyaka engama-40 ukuya kwengama-75 ubudala. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha sinokukhula kumntu oneminyaka engama-20 ubudala.
Ngaba kukho isizathu esithile sesi sifo?
Le yingxaki abantu abaninzi abanayo. Enyanisweni, malunga nama-25% abantu abanale sifo, okanye malunga nomnye kwabane, basifumana kubazali babo . Oko kuthetha ukuba kukho utyekelo lwemfuza oluvela kwiintsapho.
Kodwa oogqirha abakafumani isizathu sokuba amanye ama-75% ayiphuhlise. Uphando lusaqhubeka.
Zeziphi iimpawu esifanele sizixhalabele?
Ezi protein clumps, ezibizwa ngokuba yiPick bodies, zenzeka ikakhulu kwi-frontal lobe kunye ne-temporal lobes yengqondo. Ezi ziindawo ezilawula indlela esiziphatha ngayo, ubuntu bethu kunye nentetho yethu. Ke ngoko, iimpawu zibonakala kakhulu kwezi ndawo.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba kwisifo sikaPick, utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha kunye nobuntu luqala ukubonakala kuqala, endaweni yokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo njengakwisifo sika-Alzheimer.
Masiwahlule la macandelo abe ngamacandelo amabini ukuze siwaqonde kakuhle.
| Iindidi eziphambili zeempawu | |
|---|---|
| 1. Utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha kunye nobuntu | |
| Ukuba ndlongondlongo kwabanye | Umntu owayekade enoxolo kakhulu ngequbuliso uqala ukulwa nabanye aze abe nomsindo. |
| Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla | Baphelelwa ngumdla kwimisebenzi yemihla ngemihla kunye nezinto abazithandayo. Babonisa isimo sengqondo sokuthi "hayi" kuyo yonke into. |
| Ukwenza izigqibo ngaphandle kocwangco | Benza izigqibo ngokungxama nangokungxama bengacingi nganto okanye bengakhathali ngemiphumo. |
| Ukulahlekelwa luvelwano | Abakwazi ukuqonda okanye ukubonisa uvelwano ngentlungu nokubandezeleka kwabanye. Baziphatha njengomntu ongenabubele. |
| Ukuziphatha okungaguqukiyo | Ukuthetha okanye ukwenza izinto ezingafanelekanga kuluntu okanye kwindawo ohlala kuyo. Ungaziphethe kakuhle ngaphandle kweentloni. |
| Ukutya kakhulu | Abanye abantu balambile kakhulu, ingakumbi xa kufikwa ekutyeni okunencasa. |
| 2. Iingxaki zokuthetha nolwimi | |
| Ukulibala amagama | Amagama ezinto eziqhelekileyo ezifana nesitulo, itafile, kunye nepeni awafiki engqondweni. |
| Utshintsho lwebali | Xa bethetha, abakwazi ukufumana amagama afanelekileyo, bayayeka phakathi, baze bathintithe. |
| Ubunzima bokuqonda okubhaliweyo | Kwanesivakalisi esilula kwincwadi okanye kwiphephandaba kunokuba nzima ukusifunda nokusiqonda. |
Ukongeza kwezi mpawu ziphambili, ezi mpawu zilandelayo zinokubonwa ngamanye amaxesha:
- Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo (njengoko isifo siqhubeka)
- Ubunzima bokuhamba
- Ubuthathaka okanye ukuqina kwemisipha
- Ubunzima bokulawula umchamo
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwesifo sikaPick nesifo sika-Alzheimer?
Abantu abaninzi bayabhidanisa ezi zinto zimbini kuba zombini ziintlobo zesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho umahluko ocacileyo. Ukwazi la mahluko kunokunceda ekuxilongweni kwangethuba.
| Uphawu | Isifo sikaPick | Isifo sika-Alzheimer |
|---|---|---|
| Uphawu oluphambili loqobo | Utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha kunye nobuntu | Ukulibala izinto zakutshanje |
| Ubudala xa uxilongwa | Ngokwesiqhelo xa usemncinci (40-60) | Ngokwesiqhelo bakhulile (65+) |
| Iingxaki zolwimi | Iingxaki zokuqonda amagama nokuthetha ziqala kwasekuqaleni | Kwenzeka xa isifo sisanda |
| Ukungaboni | Ayibonwa rhoqo | Inokwenzeka kamva kwesi sifo |
| Iindlela ezididayo | Amathuba okuba ungalahleki kwiindawo eziqhelekileyo | Uphawu oluqhelekileyo kakhulu. |
Indlela yokuxilonga esi sifo?
Xa usiya kugqirha wakho malunga nezi mpawu, uya kuqala aphulaphule ngononophelo iimpawu zakho. Emva koko, baya kwenza uvavanyo oluthile olukhethekileyo ukujonga inkumbulo yesigulana, indlela esiziphatha ngayo, kunye nezakhono zolwimi. Olu vavanyo ludla ngokuquka imibuzo kunye novavanyo olufana nokuzoba.
Ukongeza, ugqirha unokucebisa ezinye iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa isifo.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Uvavanyo lwe-DNA lungenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho ijini enxulumene nesifo sikaPick.
- Iiskeni zobuchopho:
- I-MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) Scan: Oku kunceda ukuthatha imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zobuchopho ukuze kubonwe ukuba umphambili kunye namacala obuchopho anciphile na.
- I-SPECT okanye i-PET scan: Ezi scan zinceda ukubona ukuba zeziphi iindawo zobuchopho ezingasebenzi kakhulu okanye ezingasebenzi kangako.
- Ukubhaqwa Kweempundu: Kunokuthathwa isampulu yolwelo lomqolo kwaye kuhlolwe inqanaba leeproteni ze-tau.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Le yeyona nto inzima ukuyiva. Inyaniso kukuba, akukho nyango lwesifo sikaPick . Kwaye akukho nyango lokucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo. Esi sifo siqhubeka kancinci. Abanye abantu baphila nesi sifo iminyaka eli-10 nangaphezulu.
Nangona kunjalo, oko akuthethi ukuba akukho nto unokuyenza. Kukho unyango olunokunceda ukulawula iimpawu kwaye lwenze ubomi bube lula kumguli nakubanakekeli bakhe.
- Unyango lokuziphatha: Unyango lokuziphatha lunokunceda ekulawuleni ukuziphatha okunobundlobongela nokuyingozi.
- Amayeza: Ugqirha wakho angakunika amayeza, afana namayeza athile okudakumba, ukulawula iimpawu ezinjengokuxhalaba, ubundlongondlongo, kunye nokudakumba.
Konke oku kufanele kugqitywe ngugqirha wakho. Nguye ogqibayo ukuba loluphi unyango olufanelekileyo kwisigulana nendlela olufanele lunikwe ngayo. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ungaze wenze izigqibo wedwa kwaye wenze ngokweengcebiso zonyango.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo sikaPick sisifo esahlukileyo se-dementia kunesifo sika-Alzheimer, apho utshintsho kwindlela yokuziphatha nentetho luqala ukubonakala ngaphambi kokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo.
- Ukuba ubona utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kubuntu bomntu osondeleyo kuwe, njengomsindo, okanye ukuziphatha okubi, musa ukulutyeshela.
- Nangona esi sifo singenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, kukho iindlela zonyango zokulawula iimpawu kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wobomi besigulana.
- Ukuba umntu omthandayo unezi mpawu, kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kugqirha ofanelekileyo ngokukhawuleza. Ukuxilongwa ngokuchanekileyo kuya kukhokelela kulawulo olufanelekileyo.
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