Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye unexhala xa ugqirha wakho ekuxelela ukuba unomhlaza webele kwaye udinga unyango lwemitha. Igama elithi "radiation" lidla ngokufika engqondweni njengento eyingozi. Kodwa eneneni olu lunyango olusebenzayo noluqhelekileyo olusetyenziswa ukunyanga umhlaza webele. Ngoko ke makhe sifunde ngakumbi ngalo namhlanje.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni unyango lwemitha?
Unyango lwemitha, ukuba ngokuchanekileyo, kukusebenzisa ii-X-ray ezinamandla kakhulu ukutshabalalisa okanye ukonakalisa iiseli zomhlaza ebeleni lakho. Ngokwesiqhelo, oogqirha abangoogqirha abagxile kutyando lomhlaza baqala ngokususa ithumba lomhlaza ebeleni. Nangona kunjalo, emva koko, kusenokuba kukho iiseli zomhlaza ezincinci esingenakuzibona zishiyekile kuloo ndawo. Unyango lwemitha lunikezelwa ukutshabalalisa ngokupheleleyo ezo seli zomhlaza eziseleyo kunye nokuthintela umhlaza ukuba ungabuyi .
Ngamanye amaxesha, xa umhlaza usasazeke kwezinye iindawo zomzimba (i-metastatic), olu nyango lukwasetyenziselwa ukulawula iimpawu ezifana neentlungu.
Ziziphi iindlela eziphambili zokuhambisa unyango lwemitha?
Ingcali yakho iya kugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango lwemitha olulungele wena ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezininzi, ezifana nohlobo kunye nendawo yomhlaza wakho. Kukho iindlela ezininzi eziphambili.
| Igama lendlela yonyango | Kwenzeka ntoni nje |
|---|---|
| Unyango lwemitha yemitha yangaphandle (i-EBRT) | Le yeyona ndlela isetyenziswa kakhulu. Umatshini omkhulu (i-Linear Accelerator) usebenzisa umsebe wangaphandle wemitha ukujolisa kwindawo yebele lakho apho kwakukho iiseli zomhlaza. Olu nyango ludla ngokunikezelwa iintsuku ezi-5 ngeveki kangangeveki e-1-6. |
| Unyango lwangaphakathi lwemitha (iBrachytherapy) | Okwenzekayo apha kukuba imbewu ene-radioactive ifakwe ngetyhubhu encinci (i-catheter) kwindawo apho umhlaza wawukhona. Ikhupha i-radiation imizuzu embalwa ize ikhutshwe kwakhona. Olu nyango lugqitywa ngexesha elifutshane, malunga neentsuku ezi-5, kabini ngemini. |
| Unyango lwemitha ngexesha lotyando (IORT) | Oku kwenziwa ngexesha elinye notyando. Emva kokuba ugqirha esuse ithumba, ngaphambi kokuba alivale inxeba, imitha ithunyelwa ngqo kwizicubu eziveziweyo. |
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lentlanganiso yokuqala kunye nocwangciso lonyango?
Idinga lakho lokuqala lokudibana nogqirha lusuku apho yonke into icwangcisiweyo. Kulapho unokubuza khona nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba nayo. Iqela lezonyango liza kukuchazela oku kulandelayo:
- Ishedyuli yonyango: Oku kukuxelela ukuba uza kuyidinga ixesha elingakanani unyango kwaye kangaphi. Nangona iseshoni enye idla ngokuthatha malunga nemizuzu engama-30-45, imitha inikezelwa ngexesha elifutshane, malunga nemizuzu emi-2-3.
- Ukuchaza inkqubo: Kuchaza indlela omele ubekwe ngayo ngexesha lonyango, apho iqela lezonyango liza kuba khona, kunye noko ungakwaziyo ukukwenza (umz., ukungakwazi ukushukuma).
- Ukukhusela intliziyo nemiphunga: Ngexesha lonyango, uza kufundiswa iindlela zokunceda ukunciphisa imiphumo yemitha entliziyweni nakwimiphunga yakho. Umzekelo, uza kufundiswa ukuziqhelanisa nokugcina umoya uphefumla ngokunzulu.
- Izinto onokuzenza ukuze uzive ukhululekile: Xa usiza kunyango, uya kucetyiswa ukuba unxibe impahla ekhululekileyo engangenisi ulusu lwamabele akho.
- Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye namayeza: Uxoxa ngeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho kunye nendlela yokuzilawula.
Ukulungiselela unyango (Ukulinganisa)
Ngomhla wolu tyelelo, umzimba wakho uza kube ulungele unyango. Oku kungathatha iyure okanye ngaphezulu.
1. Ukwenza i-CT scan: Ukusebenzisa i-`CT scanner`, indawo ethile eza kunyangwa iyachazwa.
2. Ukungakwazi ukuhambahamba: Uza kufakwa kwitafile yonyango ngoncedo lwesixhobo esikhethekileyo sokungakwazi ukuhambahamba. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba uza kuba kwindawo efanayo kuyo yonke iseshoni yonyango.
3. Ukuphawula: Ukuze kuchongwe iikona zendawo yonyango, amachaphaza amancinci aphawulwa ngesixhobo sokubhala itattoo. La machaphaza anokuba ngasisigxina okanye awexeshana. La machaphaza aqinisekisa ukuba imitha ijoliswe kwindawo enye ngalo lonke ixesha.
Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lonyango?
Xa usiya kunyango, ilungu leqela lezonyango liza kukubulisa lize likunike ilokhwe ekhethekileyo yokunxiba ngexesha lonyango lwakho. Emva koko,
- Uza kusiwa kwigumbi lonyango.
- Uza kubekwa kwindawo efanelekileyo etafileni yonyango. Amaxesha amaninzi, uza kubekwa ngecala ujonge phezulu. Ingalo esecaleni enomhlaza kufuneka ibanjwe ngaphezulu kwentloko yakho.
- Iqela lezonyango liza kuphuma kwigumbi lize livule umatshini. Liza kukubona ngeekhamera lize lithethe nawe.
- Xa umatshini uvuliwe , uva isandi esithi 'whoosh', kodwa awuva nto , kwaye awuboni mitha yemitha.
- Xa unyango luphelile, baza kuza bakuncede uvuke etafileni.
Khumbula, olu nyango aluwenzi umzimba wakho ube nemisebe ye-radioactive. Unganxulumana nabanye abantu ngokuqhelekileyo emva konyango.
Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo?
Unyango lwemitha alunazo iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezikhawulezileyo, kodwa kunokubakho iziphumo zexesha elifutshane nezexesha elide ngexesha nasemva konyango.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zexesha elifutshane
- Ukudinwa: Abantu abaninzi baziva bediniwe kancinci ngexesha lonyango. Oku kuyaphela kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kokuba unyango luphelile.
- Utshintsho lolusu: Ulusu kwindawo enyangiweyo lunokoma kwaye lube namaqhuqhuva. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukufunxa okumanzi (`ukufunxa okumanzi`) kunokwenzeka kwiindawo ezigobileyo phantsi kwamabele okanye phantsi kwamakhwapha.
- Ukutshintsha kombala wolusu: Ukuba ulusu lwakho lumhlophe, ungabonakala ngathi lubomvu, lufana nokutsha lilanga. Ukuba ulusu lwakho lumnyama, loo ndawo inokuba mnyama kunesiqhelo.
- Intlungu yamabele: Ngamanye amaxesha intlungu ebuhlungu okanye ebukhali isenokufika ize iphele. I-areola okanye ibele lisenokuba lithambile.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zexesha elide
- Imithambo yesigcawu (`iTelangiectasias`): Le yimithambo emincinci ebomvu ebonakala phezu kolusu. Oku kuqhelekile kwaye akukho nto ixhalabisayo.
- Utshintsho kubungakanani bebele: Ibele lisenokuba likhulu kancinci okanye libe lincinci.
- I-Lymphedema: Ukuba unyango lwe-radiation lunikezelwa kwi-lymph nodes, abanye abantu banokufumana ukudumba engalweni ekwelo cala.
- Ukudinwa okuhlala ixesha elide: Abanye abantu banokuziva bediniwe kangangeeveki emva kokuba unyango luphelile.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ngokungafaniyo ne-chemotherapy, unyango lwe-radiation alubangeli ukulahleka kweenwele entlokweni. Nangona kunjalo, iinwele ezisemakhwapheni zinokuba njalo.
Ungazinyamekela njani?
Unyango lixesha apho kufuneka uzikhathalele kakhulu.
- Nxiba impahla yekotoni ekhululekileyo: Iibras eziqinileyo kunye nempahla zinokulucaphukisa ngakumbi ulusu.
- Yiba nobubele eluswini lwakho: Hlamba ulusu lwakho ngesepha ethambileyo namanzi afudumeleyo. Buza iqela lakho lezonyango malunga nekhrimu okanye iloshini engacaphukisiyo, ethomalalisa iintlungu.
- Phumla ngokwaneleyo: Ungaziva udiniwe ngakumbi ngexesha lokugqibela lonyango. Faka amaxesha okuphumla kwimisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla.
- Yitya ukutya okunempilo: Ukutya okunesondlo kunokunceda ukugcina umzimba unamandla.
- Yenza umthambo olula: Umthambo olula njengokuhamba imizuzu engama-30 yonke imihla unokunceda ekulawuleni ukudinwa.
Imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha wakho
Xa udibana neqela lakho lezonyango, ungabuza le mibuzo.
- Loluphi uhlobo lonyango lwemitha olucetyiswayo kum kwaye ngoba?
- Luza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani olu nyango? Kufuneka ndiye kangaphi?
- Zeziphi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zexesha elifutshane endinokuzilindela ngexesha lonyango?
- Ndingenza ntoni ukuze ndinciphise iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga?
- Ngubani endifanele ndithethe naye ngemiphumo emibi endiyifumanayo? Kuza kube nini?
- Olu nyango luza kuyichaphazela njani ubomi bam bemihla ngemihla? Ngaba ndiza kukwazi ukuya emsebenzini nokuzilolonga?
- Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho ixesha elide ngenxa yolu nyango lwemitha?
- Siza kwazi nini kwaye njani ukuba olu nyango luphumelele?
Unyango ngemitha asinto yokoyika. Linyathelo elibaluleke kakhulu neliphumelelayo kuhambo lokoyisa umhlaza. Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngayo yonke into esengqondweni yakho. Basoloko bekulungele ukukunceda.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Unyango lwemitha yomhlaza webele lunyango olusebenzayo kakhulu noluqhelekileyo olusetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza eziseleyo emva kotyando kunye nokuthintela ukuba isifo singaphindi sibuye.
- Awuyi kuva ntlungu okanye nantoni na ngexesha lonyango. Uza kuva nje isandi somatshini.
- Iziphumo ezinje ngokutshintsha kolusu kunye nokudinwa ziqhelekile kwaye zinokulawulwa . Thetha neqela lakho lezonyango ngale miphumo.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphumla kakuhle, ukutya okunesondlo, kunye nokunyamekela ulusu lwakho ngobunono ngexesha lonyango.
- Ungaze unqikaze ukuxoxa nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na into oyicingayo, amathandabuzo, okanye imibuzo onayo .
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