Xa sicinga ngotyando lwentliziyo, uninzi lwethu lucinga ngotyando olubandakanya ukunqunyulwa okukhulu phakathi kwesifuba. Kuyoyikisa ngokwenene ukucinga ngako, akunjalo? Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba ngoku kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo nezintsha ezenziwa ngokunqunyulwa okuncinci? Enye yeteknoloji entsha nephucukileyo yirobhothi yotyando lwentliziyo. Xa usiva oku, abanye abantu banokucinga ukuba irobhothi yenza utyando ngokwayo. Akunjalo. Makhe sibone ukuba yintoni kanye kanye le.
Yintoni utyando lwentliziyo olusebenzisa irobhothi?
Ngamafutshane, olu luhlobo lotyando lwentliziyo olungenabungozi kangako . Oko kukuthi, lutyando olwenziwa ngokusikwa okuncinci kakhulu, endaweni yokusikwa okukhulu esifubeni njengotyando lwentliziyo oluvulekileyo rhoqo. Apha, ugqirha ulawula iingalo zerobhothi ezithambileyo eziqhagamshelwe kwirobhothi ukuze enze utyando.
Khawucinge nje, kukho inkqubo yeengalo zerobhothi enokusebenza ngobuchule obungaphezulu nakwindawo encinci kunezandla zogqirha. Ugqirha ulawula le ngalo yerobhothi ukuba yenze utyando. Ngenxa yobu buchwepheshe, notyando lwentliziyo oluntsonkothileyo ngoku lunokwenziwa ngokulula nangokukhuselekileyo.
Ubuchwepheshe berobhothi busetyenziswa rhoqo kwiindlela zotyando ezifana nezi:
- Ukulungiswa kwevalvu yeMitral.
- Vala iintlobo ezithile zemingxuma entliziyweni.
- Susa izimila ezingezizo ezomhlaza ezikhula entliziyweni.
Iimpawu ezikhethekileyo zale nkqubo yerobhothi zezi:
- Umbono onemilinganiselo emithathu (3D): Ugqirha angayibona indawo etyandwayo ngokucacileyo, ikhuliswe, kwaye inemilinganiselo emithathu. Kufana nokujonga ngaphakathi.
- Ukuchaneka: Izandla zerobhothi zinokwenza iintshukumo ezifanayo nezesandla somntu, isihlathi, kunye neminwe, kodwa zinokuhamba ngokuchanekileyo nangokuchaneka okukhulu.
- Ulawulo oluchanekileyo: Isandla serobhothi silandela iintshukumo zesandla sikagqirha kanye njengoko zinjalo, ngaphandle kokungcangcazela, kwaye ngokuchanekileyo okukhulu.
Olu tyando lwenzeka njani ngokwenene?
Le ayinzima kangako njengoko unokucinga. Kwigumbi lotyando apho ukhoyo, kwiimitha ezimbalwa ukusuka kuwe, ugqirha uhleli phambi kwekhonsoli enkulu. Ifana nomdlalo wevidiyo. Ugqirha ubona kuloo khonsoli umfanekiso ofanayo nekhamera efakwe emzimbeni wakho.
Nangona iingalo zerobhothi ziphezulu kwaye zisecaleni komzimba wakho, ugqirha akakho ecaleni kwakho ngqo. Ulawula iingalo zerobhothi kuloo console. Iqela lonke lotyando (njengabahlengikazi kunye neengcali zokubulala iintlungu) lisecaleni kwakho.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ugqirha otyandayo abe nolawulo olupheleleyo kulo lonke utyando.Iingalo zerobhothi azinakwenza nto zodwa. Yonke intshukumo eyenziwa ngugqirha yenziwa ziingalo zerobhothi.
Nantsi inkcazo yenyathelo ngenyathelo yoko kwenzekayo ngexesha lotyando:
1. Okokuqala, ugqirha uza kwenza imingxunya emine emincinci kakhulu phakathi kweembambo zakho. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba ziiports. Elona likhulu kula mingxunya lisetyenziswa njenge "working port".
2. Okulandelayo, izixhobo zotyando kunye nekhamera eqhotyoshelwe kwiingalo zerobhothi zifakwa ngezi zigcawu zincinci.
3. Ngoku ugqirha uhleli kwi-console, elawula izixhobo ngezandla zakhe. Uneepedali zeenyawo azisebenzisayo ukusondeza nokukhupha ikhamera.
4. Nje ukuba utyando lugqitywe ngokupheleleyo, zonke izixhobo ziyasuswa kwaye amanxeba amancinci ayavalwa.
Zeziphi izifo zentliziyo ezinyangwa ngotyando lwerobhothi?
Le teknoloji iphambili isetyenziselwa ukunyanga izifo ezahlukeneyo zentliziyo kunye neemeko ezahlukeneyo. Masiyijonge ngokusondeleyo.
| Uhlobo lotyando | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukulungiswa kwevalvu yeMitral | Ukulungisa ivalvu ye-mitral evuzayo okanye evalekileyo, ivalvu ebalulekileyo entliziyweni. |
| Ukutshintshwa kwevalvu yeMitral | Ukususa ivalvu ye-mitral eyonakele kakhulu ukuba ingalungiswa nokufaka ivalvu yokwenziwa. |
| Ukulungiswa kwemingxunya yentliziyo (ukulungiswa kwe-ASD/PFO) | Ukuvalwa komngxuma wokuzalwa phakathi kwamagumbi entliziyo (i-Atrial Septal Defect/Patent Foramen Ovale). |
| Ukususwa kweethumba zentliziyo | Ukususwa kweethumba ezingezizo ezomhlaza (umz. i-myxoma) entliziyweni. |
| I-Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) | Ukufakelwa kwemithambo yegazi ye-coronary kwenziwa ukuze kuthintelwe ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi entliziyweni. Oku kwenziwa kwizigulana ezikhethiweyo. |
Ndingalufumana olu tyando lwerobhothi?
Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abanawo. Kodwa utyando lwerobhothi alufanele wonke umntu. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba ufanelekile na kulo msebenzi. Kuya kufuneka wenze uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo.
Iimvavanyo ezihlala zenziwa zezi:
- Ukufakwa kwe-catheter kwintliziyo: Uvavanyo lokujonga ukuvaleka kunye noxinzelelo kwimithambo yegazi yentliziyo.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Jonga imeko yentliziyo kunye nemiphunga ngokubanzi.
- I-Echocardiogram: Iskeni ejonga ukusebenza kwentliziyo, imeko yeevalvu, kunye nolwakhiwo lwayo.
- I-CT scan (i-Computed Tomography - i-CT scan): Ifumana imifanekiso eneenkcukacha ezinemilinganiselo emithathu yentliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi ejikelezileyo.
Ugqirha wakho uza kumisela unyango olufanelekileyo kuwe ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zolu vavanyo, kunye nezinye izinto ezininzi, ezifana nohlobo kunye nobunzima besifo sentliziyo yakho, ezinye iimeko zakho zonyango, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.
Ndingazilungiselela njani ngaphambi kotyando?
Ukuba ugqiba ekubeni wenze utyando lwerobhothi, kukho izinto ezininzi ekufuneka uzilungiselele kwangaphambili.
- Umntu oza kukuyisa ekhaya ngemoto: Lungiselela kwangaphambili ukuba umntu akuse ekhaya ngomhla ophuma ngawo esibhedlele.
- Thetha ngamayeza: Xelela ugqirha wakho ngawo nawaphi na amayeza owasebenzisayo ngoku. Ungacelwa ukuba uyeke ukusebenzisa amanye amayeza ngaphambi kotyando. Musa ukuyeka ukusebenzisa nawaphi na amayeza ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
- Yeka ukutshaya: Yeka ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo kwiiveki ezimbalwa ngaphambi kotyando. Wakuba uyekile ukutshaya, ioksijini ijikeleza ngcono emzimbeni wakho, nto leyo enceda ukuba amanxeba akho aphole ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuzila Ukutya: Kufuneka uyeke ngokupheleleyo ukutya nokusela emva kobusuku ngaphambi kotyando, okanye de kube lixesha ugqirha wakho akuxelele ukuba wenze njalo.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengxaki zotyando lwerobhothi?
Njengayo nayiphi na inkqubo yezonyango, utyando lwentliziyo olusebenzisa irobhothi luneengenelo kunye neengxaki. Makhe sijonge zombini ezi zinto.
| Iingenelo zotyando lwentliziyo olusebenzisa irobhothi | |
|---|---|
| Amanxeba amancinci, amanxeba ambalwa | Ekubeni amabele engakhuli kakhulu, amanxeba ashiyekileyo emva kokuphola mancinci kakhulu. |
| Iintlungu ezincinci | Ngenxa yokuba imingxunya incinci, iintlungu emva kotyando zincinci kakhulu. |
| Ukuhlala ixesha elifutshane esibhedlele | Ngokwesiqhelo ungabuyela ekhaya kwiintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezine. |
| Ukopha kancinci | Ekubeni inani legazi elilahlekayo ngexesha lotyando lincinci, zimbalwa iimeko zotofelo-gazi lwangaphandle. |
| Umngcipheko ophantsi wosulelo | Ekubeni amanxeba emancinci, umngcipheko wosulelo nawo uyancitshiswa. |
| Phila kwangoko | Uza kukwazi ukubuyela kwimisebenzi yesiqhelo kwaye usebenze ngokukhawuleza. |
| Izinto ezingalunganga kunye nezinto eziqwalaselwayo | |
|---|---|
| Utyando luthatha ixesha elide kakhulu | Ngamanye amaxesha utyando lwerobhothi lunokuthatha ixesha elide kunotyando oluqhelekileyo oluvulekileyo. |
| Amathuba okutshintshela kutyando oluvulekileyo | Amaxesha ambalwa kakhulu (ngaphantsi kwe-5% yamatyala), ukuba kukho ukungakhululeki okuvelayo, ugqirha unokufuneka atshintshele kutyando oluvulekileyo ngenxa yokhuseleko lwesigulana. |
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando? Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuze umntu aphile?
Emva kotyando, uza kuthathwa usiwe kwigumbi lokhathalelo olunzulu (ICU) . Apho, imeko yakho iza kuhlolwa ngokusondeleyo. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando olwenzileyo, kusenokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa. Ngaphambi kokuba ugoduke, ungenza olunye uvavanyo lwe-echocardiogram (transthoracic echocardiogram - TTE) ukujonga ukusebenza kwentliziyo yakho.
Kungathatha iiveki ezimbini nangaphezulu ukuba umntu aphile ngokupheleleyo. Uninzi lwabantu lunokubuyela kwimisebenzi yabo yesiqhelo, efana nokuqhuba imoto nokuya emsebenzini, kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezine . Nangona kunjalo, oku kunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubunzima botyando olwenzileyo.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukugcina impilo yentliziyo yakho emva kotyando. Ukuze wenze oku, kufuneka ulandele imiyalelo kagqirha ngokuchanekileyo.
Ngenxa yoko, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka wenze ezi zinto zilandelayo:
- Yeka ukutshaya kunye neemveliso zecuba ngokupheleleyo.
- Lawula amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol.
- Lawula uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunye nesifo seswekile kakuhle.
- Zilolonge rhoqo.
- Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni obukufaneleyo.
- Yitya ukutya okunempilo okunentliziyo.
- Thatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokuvuselela intliziyo njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele.
- Ndwendwela ugqirha ngemihla emiselweyo uze uhlolwe.
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na ezi mpawu emva kokubuyela ekhaya, kufuneka wazise ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko .
- Iintlungu zesifuba
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla
- Utshintsho
- Ukopha ngenxa yokusikeka
- Ubomvu okanye ukudumba okujikeleze iindawo ezisikiweyo
- Ifiva
- Ukuhlanza okanye isicaphucaphu
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, qiniseka ukuba wazise ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza. Kusenokufuneka uhlolwe ngokukhawuleza.
Okokugqibela, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba olu tyando lufuna amava amaninzi kunye nezakhono. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhetha isibhedlele kunye nogqirha otyandayo ohlala esenza olu hlobo lotyando kwaye onamava amahle.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Utyando lwentliziyo lwerobhothi lutyando lwanamhlanje noluphucukileyo oluqhutywa ngokusikwa okuncinci ngaphandle kokwenza umsikelo omkhulu esifubeni.
- Oku kubonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi, ezinje ngokuncipha kwentlungu, ukuchacha ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokuncipha kwexesha elichithwa esibhedlele.
- Ugqirha onamava nochwephesha ulawula irobhothi kulo lonke utyando. Irobhothi ayinakusebenza yodwa.
- Olu tyando alufanelekanga kuye wonke umntu. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba lufanelekile na kuwe emva kovavanyo lwezonyango.
- Nokuba emva kotyando, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza utshintsho oluhle kwindlela ophila ngayo nokulandela iingcebiso zonyango ukuze ugcine impilo yentliziyo.
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