Sonke siyazi ngezitho eziphambili emzimbeni wethu ezifana nentliziyo, imiphunga, kunye nezintso. Kodwa xa usiva igama elithi "i-spleen," usenokungabi nalwazi lungako. Kodwa eli lilungu elincinci elenza umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu ngokuzolileyo. Nangona kunjalo, nayiphi na ingozi kulo inokuba yingozi enkulu ebomini. Namhlanje sithetha nge-spleen eqhekekileyo.
Kalula nje, yintoni le spleen?
I-spleen ikwicala eliphezulu lasekhohlo lesisu sakho, ngaphantsi nje kwembambo yakho. Lilungu elincinci kakhulu elinobukhulu obufana nenqindi yakho. Umsebenzi walo ophambili kukugcina nokucoca igazi. Ligcina malunga ne-25% yeeseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye neeplatelets emzimbeni wethu nangaliphi na ixesha. Ikwanceda ekwenzeni iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezilwa nezifo.
Cinga ngayo njengesihluzo esicoca igazi. Inxalenye ethambileyo ngaphakathi kwepleen eyenza lo msebenzi igqunywe ngumaleko omncinci wemisipha. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba ithambile kakhulu, inokwenzakala lula nakweyiphi na ingozi.
Ngoko ke yintoni ukuqhekeka kwe-splenic?
Ukuba, ngenxa yengozi okanye esinye isizathu, isigqubuthelo esibhityileyo esijikeleze i-spleen sikrazukile, sibiza oko ngokuthi kukuqhekeka kwe-spleen. Xa oku kusenzeka, igazi elininzi ngaphakathi kwi-spleen liqala ukuvuza esiswini. Le yingxamiseko yezonyango enokubangela ukopha kwangaphakathi okuyingozi kakhulu , kude kube yingozi ebomini. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukwazi ngale nto kwaye ufumane unyango ngokukhawuleza.
Yintoni ebangela ukuqhekeka kwepleen?
Kwiimeko ezininzi, imbangela ephambili yokuqhekeka kwepleen kukwenzakala okukhulu kwangaphandle.
- Iingozi zeemoto: Kwezi, i-50% - 75% ibangelwa ziingozi zeemoto.
- Iingozi zemidlalo: Le ngozi iphezulu kakhulu kwimidlalo efana neragbi nebhola ekhatywayo.
- Uhlaselo: Ukukhaba, ukuhlaba, okanye ukudubula isisu ngesandla esiqinileyo.
- Ukuwa: Kufana nokuwa usuka kwindawo ephakamileyo.
Ngamanye amaxesha i-spleen ingadumba kwangoko emva kwengozi. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, i-spleen ingadumba emva kwengozi ize idumbe nasemva kweeyure.
Ngaba i-spleen ingagqabhuka ngaphandle kwengozi?
Ewe, kunqabile kakhulu, kodwa kunokwenzeka. Kubizwa ngokuba yi -spontaneous splenic rupture . Oku kwenzeka xa i-spleen ikhula, idumba, kwaye isigqubuthelo sayo sangaphandle sibuthathaka ngenxa yesinye isifo emzimbeni, nto leyo ebangela ukuba idubule ngokukhawuleza. Nazi ezinye zeemeko ezinokwenzeka:
- Umhlaza: Iimeko zomhlaza ezifana ne-lymphoma.
- Izifo: Izifo ezifana ne-mononucleosis okanye i-malaria.
- Ezinye izifo: Izifo ezingapheliyo ezifana nesifo sesibindi (iHepatitis) okanye i-pancreatitis.
Zithini iimpawu zespleen eqhumayo?
Eyona nto uyivayo xa i-spleen yakho igqabhuka yintlungu ebukhali kwinxalenye ephezulu yasekhohlo yesisu sakho . Kodwa khawucinge ukuba ukuba wenze ingozi waza waphuka ubambo, kunokuba nzima ukwahlula phakathi kwentlungu kunye nentlungu evela kwi-spleen yakho.
Olunye uphawu kukuba intlungu ingavakala ngathi iya egxalabeni lakho lasekhohlo emva kwexesha elithile. Oku kubizwa ngokuba luphawu lukaKehr ngokwezonyango. Ngamafutshane, xa i-spleen iphuma igazi, icinezela umthambo ohamba ukusuka entanyeni ukuya esifubeni (i-phrenic nerve). Yiyo loo nto intlungu ivakala ngathi iya egxalabeni lakho. Ungaziva nokuba intlungu iya isiba mandundu xa uphefumla.
Ukongeza kule ntlungu iphambili, ezinye iimpawu zinokuvela ngenxa yokopha ngaphakathi emzimbeni kunye nokwehla ngequbuliso koxinzelelo lwegazi.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukudinwa kunye nokuquleka | Ukuziva unesizungu kwaye ungakwazi ukuma. |
| Ukudideka | Ukungakwazi ukuqonda okwenzekayo, ukuba nengqondo engacacanga. |
| Umbono ofipheleyo | Umbono ofipheleyo. |
| Ubuphaphathekile kunye nokulahlekelwa zingqondo | Umbala wolusu uba mfiliba, kwaye kubonakala ngathi ulahlekelwa zingqondo. |
| Ukungazoli kunye nexhala | Imvakalelo engaqhelekanga yokungonwabi nokoyika. |
| Isicaphucaphu | Ukuziva ngathi uhlanza. |
Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba i-spleen iqhumile, yintoni omawuyenze ngoko nangoko!
Ukuba unentlungu eqatha kwinxalenye ephezulu yasekhohlo yesisu sakho emva kwengozi, okanye ukuba intlungu ibonakala ngathi isasazeka egxalabeni lakho lasekhohlo, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo lesibhedlele (ETU) ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle kokulibazisa. Fowunela i-ambulensi ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Oku akuyonto onokulinda nje ekhaya. Ukopha ngaphakathi kunokuba yimeko yokufa okanye ubomi. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza.
Xa usiya esibhedlele, xelela oogqirha ngokucacileyo ngeempawu zakho, ukwenzakala kwakho kutshanje, kunye nazo naziphi na ezinye iimeko zempilo onazo. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, iqela lezonyango liza kukunika i-saline okanye utofelo-gazi ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi ngenxa yokopha.
Oogqirha bayifumana njani le nto?
Ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nesantya sentliziyo yakho ziqhelekile, ugqirha uza kuqala akuxilonge. Emva koko, baza kwenza i-ultrasound scan ekhethekileyo (FAST ultrasound), esetyenziswa rhoqo kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo. Oku kunokubona ngokukhawuleza nakuphi na ukopha ngaphakathi esiswini.
Ukuba iskeni ibonisa ukopha kwaye imeko yakho imbi kakhulu, oogqirha bayazi ukuba le yipleyini eqhekekileyo kwaye ifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo. Ukuba imeko yakho izinzile, kodwa kukho ukurhaneleka kokuba ipleyini yakho yonakele, i-CT scan inokwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba ingozi imbi kangakanani na. Ilinganisa ubukhali bengozi ngamanani ukusuka ku-I ukuya ku-V.
Iphathwa njani?
Unyango luxhomekeke kubukhulu bengozi. Amanye amanxeba amancinci angaphili ngokwawo. Nangona kunjalo, amanxeba amakhulu afuna unyango olungxamisekileyo. Amanxeba anzima kakhulu (ebanga V) asenokufuna ukususwa kwepleen.
| Indlela yonyango | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ukwakhiwa kwe-embolization | Olu asilotyando. Ugqirha oyingcali, ngoncedo lweskena, udlulisela ityhubhu encinci kwenye yemithambo yegazi yakho iye kwipleyini yakho aze afake isixhobo esincinci esifana neentsimbi kwindawo yokopha ukuze ayeke ukopha. |
| I-Splenorrhaphy | Le yinkqubo yotyando. Le nkqubo ibandakanya ukuthunga i-spleen eqhekekileyo, ukuyitshiza ngesixhobo sombane (i-electrocautery), okanye ukusebenzisa ulwelo olukhethekileyo ukunqanda ukopha. Ukuba oku kuphumelele, i-spleen ingasindiswa ngaphandle kokususwa. |
| Utyando lwe-splenectomy | Ukuba ukopha akukwazi ukunqandwa nangayiphi na indlela, kwaye i-spleen ayinakusindiswa, yonke okanye inxalenye yayo isuswa ngotyando. Malunga ne-20% yokuqhekeka kwe-splenic kuphela ngale ndlela. |
Ungaphila emva kokuba ususiwe i-spleen yakho?
Ewe, kunokwenzeka ngokuqinisekileyo. Ungaphila ngaphandle kwe-spleen. Kodwa iyayichaphazela inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela . Ekubeni i-spleen isikhusela kwiintsholongwane, ukuyisusa kwandisa kancinci umngcipheko wokufumana izifo.
Ngoko ke, emva kotyando, ugqirha uza kukucebisa ukuba ufumane imijovo ekhethekileyo. Kwakhona, ukuba kukho usulelo oluvelayo, uza kukucebisa ukuba uthathe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ngoko nangoko ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
Ixesha lokuphiliswa linokwahluka ukusuka kwiiveki ezi-3 ukuya kwezili-12 kuxhomekeke kubukhulu bengozi. Ukuba utyando, kunokufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-spleen eqhekekileyo yimeko enzima, enokuba yingozi ebomini efuna unyango olungxamisekileyo.
- Ukuba ufumana iintlungu eziqatha kwinxalenye ephezulu yasekhohlo yesisu sakho emva kwengozi, okanye ukuba intlungu ivakala ngathi iya egxalabeni lakho lasekhohlo, oko kungaba luphawu lokuqhekeka kwepleen.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezinjalo, ungalibazisi kwaye yiya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuba isifo sifunyenwe kwaye sinyangwa kwangethuba, kudla ngokuba lula ukusindisa i-spleen ngaphandle kokuyisusa.
- Nokuba i-spleen isusiwe, ungaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka ulumke ngokukodwa ngokweengcebiso zonyango ukuze uzikhusele kwiintsholongwane.
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