Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ungaphumli, usoyika, kwaye uxhalabile ngendlela engaphaya kwamandla akho? Okanye uyalala ebusuku uze ujike ujike kude kube kusasa? Mhlawumbi ugqirha wakho ukunike 'iyeza lokuzola ingqondo yakho'. Oku sikubiza ngokuba zii-sedative ngokwezonyango. Kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba wazi kakuhle ukuba zeziphi ezi ziyobisi. Kuba ukuba azisetyenziswa ngokuchanekileyo nangendlela efanelekileyo, kunokuvela iingxaki ezinkulu. Ngoko masithethe ngayo yonke into ngokulula namhlanje.
Ngamafutshane, zithini ezi zinto zokuthomalalisa umzimba?
Ngamafutshane, i-sedative luhlobo lwamayeza anciphisa okanye alawula ukusebenza kwenkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo , oko kukuthi, ingqondo yethu kunye nomqolo. Kufana nokucothisa isantya semoto ebaleka ngesantya esiphezulu.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zala mayeza. Amanye anamandla kakhulu, amanye awanamandla kangako. Kwakhona, amanye amayeza anefuthe elide, ngelixa amanye ehlala ixesha elifutshane kuphela. Ugqirha uza kukunika eli yeza emva kokulihlola ngononophelo imeko yakho aze amisele uhlobo kunye nomlinganiselo ofanelekileyo kuwe.
Khawucinge ngento eyenzekayo emzimbeni wakho xa usela eli yeza. Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iziphumo eziphambili.
| Isiphumo | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ndiziva ndikhululekile | Ukungazoli kunye nokuxhalaba engqondweni yakho kuya kuncipha kwaye uza kuqala ukuziva ulula. |
| Ukunciphisa ixhala | Uloyiko kunye nexhala endandinalo entliziyweni yam liyancipha. |
| Ukozela | Ingakwenza uzive udiniwe kwaye ulele. Le yeyona nto ibangela ukuba ezi zinto zinikwe abantu abanengxaki yokulala. |
| Ukunciphisa imvakalelo yentlungu kunye nokuchukumisa | Ubunzulu beemvakalelo, ezinje ngentlungu nokuchukumisa, bunokuncipha. |
| Ukuphefumla kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo | Isantya sokuphefumla kwakho kunye nesantya sentliziyo yakho zisenokucotha kancinci. |
| Ukulahleka kwenkumbulo | Usenokungakhumbuli kakuhle ukuba kwenzeke ntoni ngelixa iyeza lisebenza. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba la mayeza anomngcipheko wokuba likhoboka lawo , ngoko ke akufuneki asetyenziswe ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha. Kwakhona, kubalulekile ukuwasebenzisa kuphela njengoko ugqirha eyalela, kwaye ngexesha elimiselweyo.
Kuthetha ukuthini "ukuthomalalisa"?
Usenokuba ukhe weva ukuba uvavanyo lwenziwe phantsi kwe-sedation. "I-sedation" sisenzo sokunika umntu i-sedative ukuze azive ezolile, ekhululekile, okanye elele. Oku kudla ngokwenziwa ngaphambi kovavanyo lwezonyango (olufana ne-endoscopy) okanye utyando oluncinci. Oku kunceda isigulana singaziva sixhalabile kwaye singaxhalabi kangako, nto leyo evumela ukuba senze olu vavanyo ngaphandle kokungonwabi.
Kukho amanqanaba amathathu okuthomalalisa:
1. Ukuthomalalisa kancinci: Oku kubandakanya ukuthomalalisa kuphela. Uza kube uvukile, ukwazi ukuphendula imibuzo nokwenza izinto ezicelwe ngugqirha.
2. Ukulala okuPhakathi: Oku kuya kukwenza uzive ulele kakhulu. Usenokude ulale. Usenokukhumbula ezinye zezinto ezenzekileyo ngelo xesha, kodwa usenokungazikhumbuli.
3. Ukulala nzulu: Oku kukwenza ulale. Nangona kunjalo, akusiyonto yokulahlekelwa yingqondo ngokupheleleyo njenge-anesthesia eqhelekileyo. Awuyi kukhumbula nantoni na eyenzekileyo ngeli xesha.
Umahluko phakathi kwe-sedation kunye ne-anesthesia
Abanye abantu bayabhidanisa ezi zinto zimbini. Ukuthomalalisa kuthetha ukunciphisa ukuqonda kwakho nokukwenza uzole. Ukuthomalalisa umzimba ngokubanzi kuqhubeka kude kwaye kukwenze ungabikho zingqondweni ngokupheleleyo. Ukuthomalalisa umzimba kubalulekile kwiindlela ezinkulu zotyando (umz. utyando lwentliziyo). Ukuthomalalisa umzimba kwanele kwiindlela ezincinci zotyando okanye iimvavanyo.
Zeziphi iimeko ezi zithomalalisi zisetyenziselwa zona?
Oogqirha banika la mayeza okuthomalalisa izifo ezahlukeneyo. Ezona zixhaphakileyo zezi:
- Iingxaki zokuxhalaba
- Iingxaki zoloyiko
- Ukungalali
- Ukuxhuzula, okufana nesifo sokuwa
- Izifo zengqondo ezifana nesifo se-bipolar
- Ukuqina kwemisipha
- Ukuzola isigulana ngaphambi kotyando kunye novavanyo lwezonyango
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili zemithi yokuthomalalisa?
La mayeza anokwahlulwa abe ngamaqela aliqela. Makhe sijonge iintlobo eziphambili.
| Udidi lweziyobisi | Inkcazo kunye nemizekelo |
|---|---|
| IiBenzodiazepines | Ezi zezona ntlobo zezithambiso zokuthomalalisa ezisetyenziswa kakhulu. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu xa uxhalabile, ungalali, kunye nokuxhuzula. Imizekelo: Alprazolam (Xanax®), Diazepam (Valium®). |
| IiBarbiturates | Nangona ezi zazisetyenziswa kakhulu ngaphambili, ngoku azisetyenziswa rhoqo ngenxa yeziphumo zazo ezingezizo kunye nomngcipheko wokusebenzisa kakhulu. Okwangoku zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-anesthesia kunye nokuxhuzula okukhulu. Umzekelo: I-Phenobarbital. |
| Iingcali ze-hypnotics | Ezi zisebenza ngendlela efanayo neBenzodiazepines, kodwa zahlukile ngokwesakhiwo. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu ukunyanga ukungalali. Imizekelo: I-Zolpidem (Ambien®), i-Eszopiclone (Lunesta®). |
| Ezinye izinto zokuthomalalisa (Ezinye izinto ezahlukeneyo) | Kukho ezinye iintlobo zamayeza angekho phantsi kwezi ndidi zingasentla, kodwa aneempawu zokuthomalalisa. Ezi zikwasetyenziselwa ukunyanga ukungalali. |
Eli yeza lisebenza njani emzimbeni?
Eli libali lesayensi, kodwa ndiza kulichaza ngokulula. Imiyalezo itshintshiselwana phakathi kweeseli zemithambo-luvo ebuchotsheni bethu kusetyenziswa iikhemikhali ezibizwa ngokuba zii-neurotransmitters . Phakathi kwezi , iGABA (i-Gamma-aminobutyric acid) yi-neurotransmitter elawula ukusebenza kwengqondo, isebenza njenge-"brake".
Oko kwenziwa zi-tranquilizers kukwandisa umsebenzi we-GABA. Xa i-GABA inyusiwe, umsebenzi wobuchopho uba ngcono. Ngenxa yoko, siziva sizolile kwaye silele.
Izinto ekufuneka uzixelele ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale amayeza anje
Ngaphambi kokuba ugqirha wakho akunike iyeza lokuthomalalisa, kukho izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzazi. Kubalulekile ukuba ukhuseleke ukuba usoloko usazi ngezi zinto.
- Buza ukuba kukho ezinye iindlela zonyango zemeko yakho xa eli yeza liyekisiwe.
- Thetha ngokucacileyo ngeenzuzo kunye neengozi zokusebenzisa eli yeza.
- Xelela ugqirha wakho ngazo naziphi na ezinye izifo onazo (umz. iingxaki zesibindi okanye zezintso).
- Ndixelele ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okhe wasebenzisa iziyobisi.
- Xelela ugqirha wakho ngazo zonke amayeza owasebenzisayo ngoku (amayeza ezinye izifo, iivithamini, amayeza esintu), njengoko amanye amayeza anokuchaphazelana nale nto yokuthomalalisa.
- Ukuba usebenzisa utywala, qiniseka ukuba uyayikhankanya loo nto.
- Ukuba ukhulelwe, unethemba lokukhulelwa, okanye ungumama oncancisayo, kufuneka utyhile oko.
- Ukuba usebenzisa naziphi na ezinye iziyobisi, thetha inyaniso nangalo nto.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye neengozi ezinkulu zeziyobisi ezithomalalisayo
Njengazo zonke amayeza, le ineziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kwaye inokubangela iingozi ezinkulu ukuba isetyenziswa gwenxa.
Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zexesha elifutshane
Ezi zinto zihlala zenzeka ngexesha lokuqala lokusebenzisa amayeza kwaye zinokuphela njengoko umzimba uqhelana namayeza.
- Ukozela
- Isiyezi
- Ubunzima bokugxila, ukungakwazi ukugxila
- Umbono ofipheleyo
- Ixesha elandisiweyo lokuphendula (ukuncipha kwe-reflexes)
- Ukuziva iintlungu ezincinci
Ugqirha wakho uza kukucebisa ukuba uphephe imisebenzi efuna ukuphaphama, njengokuqhuba okanye ukusebenzisa oomatshini , njengoko eli yeza linokubangela ukozela kunye nokuncipha kokuphaphama. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela le miyalelo.
Iingozi ezinkulu zexesha elide
Eli yeza linokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu ukuba lisetyenziswa ixesha elide, ingakumbi ukuba lisetyenziswa gwenxa.
1. Amandla okuZilutha: Lo ngumngcipheko omkhulu. Ukukhululeka novuyo olunikezelwa zezi ziyobisi lunokwenza abanye abantu babe ngamakhoboka azo. Emva kwexesha elithile, ukukhululeka ababekuva kwidosi yangaphambili kuyaphela. Emva koko baqala ukwandisa idosi. Oku kukuqala kokuZilutha.
- Ukuxhomekeka kwengqondo: Ukuziva ngathi "Andinakuphila ngaphandle kwesi siyobisi."
- Ukuxhomekeka Emzimbeni: Umzimba wakho uyaqhelana neziyobisi kwaye ufumana iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zomzimba (iimpawu zokurhoxa) xa iyeka ukusetyenziswa.
2. Ukugqithisa amayeza kunye nobutyhefu: Ukusela amayeza amaninzi kunokuba ugqirha wakho akucebisayo kunokuba yingozi ebomini. Umngcipheko wokugqithisa amayeza uphezulu kakhulu ukuba uwasebenzisa kunye notywala okanye ezinye iintlungu (ii-Opioids).
| Iimpawu ezilumkisayo zokusebenzisa i-overdose | |
|---|---|
| Ukulala ubuthongo obunzulu, kunzima ukuvuka | Ukungathethi kakuhle, ukugquma |
| Ubunzima bokuhamba, ukungakwazi ukulawula umzimba (i-Ataxia) | Ukudandatheka kokuphefumla |
| Ukungakhuli kakuhle (i-Coma) | |
Ukuba umntu ubonakalisa ezi mpawu, yingxamiseko. Fowunela iNkonzo yeeAmbulensi ka-1990 ngoko nangoko okanye umse kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele esikufutshane. Ukuba akunyangelwanga ngokukhawuleza, umntu angafa.
3. Iimpawu zokurhoxa: Ukuba umntu osebenzisa iziyobisi ngequbuliso uyeka ukusebenzisa iziyobisi, umzimba uya kusabela kakubi kuzo. Oku kunokuba yingozi ebomini.
- Uxinzelelo olukhulu, ukungazinzi
- Iingxolo
- Ukoyika ubuthongo, amaphupha amabi
- Umkhuhlane ophezulu
- Isantya sentliziyo kunye nokuphefumla kuyakhawuleza.
- Ukuxhuzula
Ngenxa yesi sizathu , ungaze uyeke ukuthatha eli yeza ngequbuliso ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho. Ukuba uyeka, yenza njalo phantsi kweliso likagqirha wakho, unciphise kancinci umthamo.
Ufuna ukubona ugqirha kwakhona ngaliphi ixesha?
Kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ukuba ufumana nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo ngelixa usebenzisa eli yeza.
- Ukuba iimpawu zakho aziphucuki nangona usela amayeza.
- Ukuba iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zikwenza kube nzima ukwenza imisebenzi yakho yemihla ngemihla.
- Ukuba uziva ngathi uyalikhoboka lale mithi (umz., ukuba uziva ngathi "awunakuphila ngaphandle kwayo").
- Ukuba uziva ngathi kufuneka uyeke ukusebenzisa eli yeza ngoku (ungaliyeki ngoko nangoko, thetha nogqirha wakho uze wenze isigqibo).
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Amayeza okuthomalalisa aluncedo kakhulu kudidi lwamayeza. Afanele asetyenziswe kuphela xa kucetyiswe ngugqirha.
- Ungaze uthathe amayeza angaphezu kwalawo achazwe ngugqirha. Yithathe ngexesha nangendlela ochazwe ngayo.
- Musa ukunika omnye umntu iyeza olinikwe lona. Liyingozi kakhulu kangangokuba linokusongela ubomi baloo mntu.
- Xelela ugqirha wakho ngokunyanisekileyo ngazo zonke iimeko zakho zempilo, naziphi na ezinye iindlela ozithathelayo amayeza, nokuba usebenzisa izinto ezifana notywala.
- Ukuba ucinga ukuba ulikhoboka lala mayeza, akukho nto inokubangela iintloni ngayo. Thetha nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko uze ucele uncedo.
- Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza ngequbuliso ngaphandle kokubuza ugqirha wakho.
- Ukuba kukho iimpawu zokusebenzisa kakhulu i-overdose, thatha isigulana usise kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) ngaphandle kokulibazisa.
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