Kule mihla, wonke umntu uthetha ngentlungu yesisu, akunjalo? Kuyacaphukisa kakhulu xa ngequbuliso uhlaselwa sisisu uze uye kwindlu yangasese izihlandlo ezininzi ngemini. Kodwa ukuba unomkhuhlane, uzive ufuna ukuhlanza, ingakumbi ukuba unegazi okanye i-mucus kwi-stool yakho, isenokungabi yintlungu yesisu nje. Sithetha ngenye yeengxaki ezinjalo namhlanje, eyi-Shigellosis. Eli gama lisenokuba litsha kuwe, kodwa olu luhlobo losulelo oluqhelekileyo esilubonayo phakathi kwethu, ingakumbi phakathi kwabantwana abancinci.
Yintoni kanye kanye iShigellosis?
Ngamafutshane, i-shigellosis lusulelo oluvela xa intsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yiShigella ingena emzimbeni wethu. Ichaphazela kakhulu inkqubo yethu yokugaya ukutya, oko kukuthi, amathumbu. Le ntsholongwane yonakalisa ulwelo lwamathumbu. Yiyo loo nto sifumana iimpawu ezifana nentlungu yesisu kunye norhudo.
Cinga ngayo njengotshaba oluncinci olungena emizimbeni yethu. Olu tshaba lungena emathunjini ethu luze lubangele iingxaki apho. Luyasulela kakhulu. Oko kuthetha ukuba lunokusasazeka ukusuka komnye umntu luye komnye ngokulula kakhulu. Isizathu soku kukuba nokuba lincinci kakhulu eli gciwane lanele ukugulisa umntu.
Ziziphi iimpawu ezibonakala xa esi sifo sikhula?
Iimpawu ze-shigellosis zinokwahluka kancinci kumntu nomntu, kodwa kukho iimpawu eziqhelekileyo. Makhe sizijonge ngokusondeleyo.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo ngayo |
|---|---|
| Urhudo | Olu luphawu oluphambili. Ekuqaleni, lusenokuba namanzi. Kodwa kamva, indle inokuba negazi, i-mucus (njenge-phlegm), okanye i-pus . Kusenokufuneka uye kwigumbi lokuhlambela izihlandlo ezininzi ngemini. |
| Iintlungu zesisu | Intlungu isenokuvakala ngathi ibuhlungu xa uchukumisa isisu, okanye ngathi igcwele. Le ntlungu isenokuvakala ngathi iyafika ize iphele. |
| Ifiva | Umkhuhlane nawo luphawu oluqhelekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, umzimba unokuziva ushushu kwaye umkhuhlane unokuhamba neentlungu zomzimba. |
| Ukuhlanza | Abanye abantu banokuba nesicaphucaphu nokuhlanza. |
Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha babiza olu didi lweempawu ngokuthi yi -bacillary dysentery , nto leyo ethetha urhudo olubangelwa ziintsholongwane.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba abanye abantu basenokungabonakalisi zimpawu nokuba banayo le ntsholongwane yeShigella emizimbeni yabo. Nangona kunjalo, nokuba abanazo iimpawu, basenokusasaza esi sifo kwabanye. Yiyo loo nto ucoceko luhlala lubaluleke kakhulu.
Ngoko ke esi sifo sisasazeka njani kuthi?
Isasazeka kakhulu ziibhaktheriya ezifumaneka kwilindle lomntu osulelekileyo, ezingena emizimbeni yethu ngomlomo. "Kwenzeka njani oko?" usenokuba ucinga. Zininzi iindlela ezinokwenzeka ngayo.
- Usulelo ngqo phakathi komntu nomnye: Le yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo. Lusasazeka ngokukhawuleza, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezinabantu abaninzi ezifana neendawo zokugcina abantwana kunye neendawo zokulala. Umzekelo, ukuba umntu utshintsha inabukeni yomntwana ogulayo aze angazihlambi kakuhle izandla zakhe, unokusasaza esi sifo komnye umntwana. Kwakhona, umntu onyamekela umntwana ogulayo usemngciphekweni.
- Ekutyeni okungcolileyo: Ukuba umntu ogulayo ulungisa ukutya ngaphandle kokuhlamba izandla zakhe kakuhle, iintsholongwane ezisezandleni zakhe zinokungena ekutyeni zize zosulele abo bakutyayo. Oku kunokwenzeka nangokutya imifuno neziqhamo ezihlanjwe ngamanzi angcolileyo.
- Ukusuka emanzini angcolileyo: Ungosuleleka ukuba ngempazamo uginya amanzi ngelixa uhlamba okanye udlala imidlalo yasemanzini kwiindawo ezifana nemilambo, imilambo, okanye amachibi angcoliswe yibhaktheriya yeShigella.
- Ngokwabelana ngesondo: Le ntsholongwane inokudluliselwa komnye umntu iye komnye ngokusebenzisa ezinye izenzo zesondo.
Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa sesi sifo?
Nangona nabani na enokufumana i-shigellosis, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu.
- Abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala: Abantwana abancinci banokuyifumana lula le ntsholongwane kuba badla ngokufaka izandla zabo emlonyeni, bafake izinto ezifana namathoyizi emlonyeni, kwaye amajoni abo omzimba asakhula.
- Abantu abahlala okanye abahambahambayo kwiindawo apho amanzi acocekileyo kunye nococeko lungekho mgangathweni.
- Abantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka: Abantu abanezifo ezifana ne-HIV, umhlaza, okanye abo basebenzisa amayeza athintela inkqubo yomzimba banokuchaphazeleka kakhulu lolu sulelo.
- Amadoda abelana ngesondo namadoda: Ezinye izenzo zesondo zinokwandisa umngcipheko wokudlulisela le ntsholongwane.
- Abantu abahlala bengenamakhaya.
Ngaba oku kungaba yingozi? Zithini iingxaki?
Uninzi lwexesha, usulelo lwe-shigellosis luphela ngokwalo kwiveki. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, ingakumbi ukuba alunyangwa okanye kubantu abaneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka, lunokubangela iingxaki.
1. Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni: Urhudo kunye nokuhlanza kubangela ukuba umzimba ulahlekelwe ngamanzi amaninzi kunye netyuwa. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni. Ukuba kuba nzima, kunokuba yingozi ebomini. Umlomo owomileyo, amehlo atshonayo, ukuncipha komchamo (umchamo uba mthubi omnyama), kunye nokuziva udiniwe kakhulu ziimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
2. Ukusasazeka kosulelo egazini: Kunqabile kakhulu, le bhaktheriya inokungena egazini isuka emathunjini ize isasazeke emzimbeni wonke.
3. Ukuxhuzula: Ukuxhuzula kunokubakho ngenxa yomkhuhlane ophezulu, ingakumbi kubantwana abancinci.
4. I-Reactive Arthritis: Emva kokuba usulelo luphelile, abanye abantu banokufumana ukudumba kunye nentlungu emalungeni abo.
5. I-Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS): Le yingxaki engaqhelekanga kodwa eyingozi kakhulu. Yenzeka xa ityhefu eveliswa yibhaktheriya yonakalisa imithambo yegazi kwizintso, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba izintso zingaphumeleli.
Ndingambona njani ugqirha ndize ndifumane unyango?
Ukuba wena okanye umntu osapho lwakho unezinye zeempawu ezichazwe apha ngasentla, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha.
Uyifumana njani le nto, Gqirha?
Ugqirha uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho aze akuhlole. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iimpawu zodwa zinokubonisa ukuba une-shigellosis. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqinisekisa oku, kuya kwenziwa uvavanyo lwesitulo . Oku kuya kuqinisekisa ukuba kukho intsholongwane yeShigella.
Zithini iindlela zonyango?
Ukuba iimpawu zakho azikho qatha kakhulu, ungaphumla uze uphile ekhaya. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuphepha ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
- Sela iziselo ezininzi: Sela izinto ezifana namanzi, ijusi, ipapa, amanzi ekhokhonathi, kunye neesuphu rhoqo.
- Ukuphumla: Ukuphumla umzimba wakho kuyanceda ukuba uphile ngokukhawuleza.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Musa ukuthatha amayeza okulwa norhudo (njengeLoperamide) ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha wakho kuqala.Kuba ngamanye amaxesha ziyayithintela intsholongwane ukuba ingaphumi emzimbeni kwaye zenze isifo sibe sibi ngakumbi.
Ukuba usulelo lunzima okanye amajoni akho omzimba abuthathaka, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane (afana ne-ciprofloxacin okanye i-azithromycin). Ukuba bayakwenza oko, kufuneka uwathathe amayeza kangangeentsuku ezipheleleyo ezimiselweyo, nokuba uzive ungcono.
Ukuba ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kukhulu, kunokufuneka ulaliswe esibhedlele kwaye unikwe i-intravenous saline (IV fluids).
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha ngoko nangoko?
Ukuba isifo sorhudo esiqhelekileyo asiphucuki kwiintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu, kungcono ukubona ugqirha. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uneempawu ezilandelayo, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko .
- Urhudo oluqatha (ukuba luba nalo amaxesha amaninzi ngemini)
- Ukuhlanza okungapheliyo
- Intlungu yesisu esibuhlungu
- Ukuba kukho igazi elininzi esitulweni
- Iimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni (umlomo owomileyo, imilebe, amehlo atshonileyo, ukuphuma komchamo okuphantsi kakhulu, ukozela kakhulu okanye ukungazinzi)
Ungazikhusela njani kwesi sifo? Ukuthintela yeyona nto ilungileyo!
I-Shigellosis sisifo esinokusithintela ngokulula. Eyona nto iphambili ekufuneka siyenze kukunyamekela ucoceko.
| Kwenziwe ntoni | Kutheni oko kubalulekile? |
|---|---|
| Hlamba izandla zakho ngesepha rhoqo. | Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo phambi kokutya, ngaphambi kokulungisa ukutya, emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese, nasemva kokutshintsha inabukeni yomntwana wakho. Le yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela esi sifo. |
| Hlamba imifuno neziqhamo kakuhle. | Hlamba imifuno neziqhamo ezityiwa ziluhlaza kakuhle ngamanzi acocekileyo nahambayo. |
| Ukuphepha ukuntywila emachibini okudada, emachibini, nasemilanjeni. | Amanzi akwezi ndawo anokuba neentsholongwane, ngoko ke musa ukufaka amanzi emlonyeni wakho xa uhlamba. |
| Ukulahla ngokukhuselekileyo amanabukeni abantwana angcolileyo. | Beka iinapukeni ezisetyenzisiweyo kwisitya senkunkuma esigqunywe kakuhle. |
| Ukunyamekela amanzi okusela. | Ukuba awuqinisekanga ngobunyulu bamanzi kwindawo okuyo, sebenzisa amanzi abilisiwe okanye afakwe ebhotileni. |
| Ukuphepha ukulala nomntu xa unesifo sorhudo. | Ukuba wena okanye iqabane lakho ninesifo sorhudo, kungcono ukuphepha ukulalana kangangeveki ude uphile ngokupheleleyo. |
Uninzi lwabantu luyaphola kwi-shigellosis kwiveki nje enye. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, esi sifo sinokuhlala iiveki ezininzi. Ngamanye amaxesha, nokuba isifo siphelile, kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi ukuba umsebenzi wamathumbu akho ubuyele esiqhelweni. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba nomonde.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Shigellosis sisifo sorhudo esincinci esosulelayo kakhulu esibangelwa yintsholongwane yeShigella.
- Iimpawu eziphambili kurhudo olunegazi okanye olugcwele amafinyila, isisu esibuhlungu, kunye nomkhuhlane.
- Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuzikhusela koku kukuzigcina ucocekile, kuquka ukuhlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphepha ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni xa unesifo sorhudo, ngoko ke sela amanzi amaninzi.
- Musa ukuthatha amayeza okulwa norhudo ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha.
- Ukuba iimpawu zinzima, ingakumbi ukuba kukho igazi kwindle okanye iimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.
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