Ukuba unesifo sikaCrohn, mhlawumbi uyazi ukuba amayeza nokutya kunokunceda ukulawula iimpawu zakho kakhulu. Kodwa eneneni, malunga nama-80% abantu abanesifo kuya kufuneka benze utyando ngaxa lithile ebomini babo. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kancinci xa usiva oku, kodwa ngemfundo efanelekileyo, ungaloyisa olo loyiko. Makhe sijonge ukuba kutheni oku kusenzeka, zithini ezi tyando, kwaye zeziphi izibonelelo ezinokukunika zona.
Kutheni isifo sikaCrohn sidinga utyando?
Oogqirha badla ngokuzama kuqala ukulawula isifo ngamayeza. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha ukuba kuvela iingxaki okanye ukuba amayeza awakwazi ukulawula isifo, kunokucetyiswa utyando.
Ngamafutshane, kukho izizathu ezininzi eziphambili zokuba ugqirha wakho acinge ngotyando.
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokwenza utyando
- Ukuqiniswa kwamathumbu: Isifo sikaCrohn sibangela izilonda ezihlala zikho emathunjini, ezithi emva koko ziphilise kwaye zenze izicubu ezibuhlungu. Olu xinzelelo lubangela ukuba iindawo ezithile zamathumbu zinciphe, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuba ukutya kunye nendle kudlule. Le yeyona nto iphambili eyenza ukuba izigulane zikaCrohn zifune utyando.
- I-Fistula kunye nama-Abscesses: I-Fistula ngumjelo ongaqhelekanga owakha phakathi kwamalungu amabini omzimba. Umzekelo, inxalenye yamathumbu inokudibana nomphezulu wolusu. I-abscess liqhuma elizaliswe bubomvu ngaphakathi esiswini. Ezi zifuna utyando ukuze zinyangwe.
- Ukuphinda-phinda: Ukuba iimpawu ziphinda zibuye emva konyango, kunokufuneka utyando ukuze kususwe inxalenye yamathumbu eyonakeleyo ebangela ezo mpawu.
Zimbalwa izizathu zokubhenela kutyando
- Ukopha kwamathumbu: Ukuba ukopha okungalawulekiyo.
- Ukugqobhoka kwamathumbu: Umngxuma eludongeni lwamathumbu obangelwa sisifo.
- I-Peritonitis: Usulelo lwe-membrane olujikeleze isisu. Oku kunokubangelwa kukugqobhoka kwamathumbu.
- Izilonda ezibangelwa ngumhlaza okanye ezibangelwa ngumhlaza: Abantu abanesifo sikaCrohn basengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza we-colorectal. Ukuba unale meko.
- I-megacolon enetyhefu: Yimeko enzima apho ukudumba kwekholoni kubangela ukuba isakhiwo sayo siwohloke, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ikhule kwaye ingasebenzi kakuhle.
Ukuphila nesifo sikaCrohn kunokuba yinto ecaphukisayo ngamanye amaxesha. Iimpawu zinokuphakama zize ziphele. Oku kungaqiniseki kunokuba nzima kakhulu. Nangona utyando lusenokungasinyangi ngokupheleleyo isifo sikaCrohn, lunokunceda ekunciphiseni iintlungu zakho kwaye lukuvumele ukuba wenze izinto ozithandayo kwakhona.
Iintlobo eziphambili zotyando lwesifo sikaCrohn
Ugqirha wakho uza kukhetha utyando olufanelekileyo kuwe ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho kunye nemeko yakho. Nazi ezinye zezona ntlobo ziqhelekileyo zotyando.
| Uhlobo lotyando | Icacisiwe ngokulula |
|---|---|
| Ukususa ubomvu kwithumba | Ukuba unethumba (isisu esibuhlungu) elibangelwa lusulelo olukwindawo engaphakathi esiswini, kwenziwa inkqubo yokukhupha ubovu. |
| Ukususwa Kwamathumbu | Inkqubo equka ukusika icandelo elonakeleyo okanye elinezibazi emathunjini kunye nokudibanisa kwakhona iindawo ezimbini eziphilileyo. Olu tyando lwenziwa nokuba kukho iiseli zomhlaza. |
| Ukulungiswa/ukususwa kweFistula | Ukuvala okanye ukususa umngxuma ongaqhelekanga (i-fistula). |
| Utyando lwe-Ostomy | I-stoma ngumngxuma eluswini lwesisu (isisu) endaweni ye-rectum ukuze kuvuleke indle ukuba idlule. Indle iqokelelwa ngale mngxuma ibekwe kwingxowa efakwa esiswini. Ezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo yi-colostomy kunye ne-ileostomy. |
| Ukususwa kwekholoni kunye ne-rectum (Proctocolectomy) | Utyando lokususa yonke okanye inxalenye yekholoni kunye ne-rectum. |
| Ukwandiswa kweendawo ezinciphileyo emathunjini (iStrictureplasty) | Iindawo zamathumbu ezinciphileyo ngenxa yamanxeba ziyanwebeka kwaye zithungwe ndawonye, endaweni yokuba zisikwe. Oku kuvumela ukuba indle idlule ngokulula. |
Olu tyando luthatha ixesha elingakanani?
Ubude bexesha eliza kuthathwa koku buxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando olwenzileyo, ubukhali bemeko yakho, kunye nenxalenye yamathumbu akho echaphazelekileyo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika iinkcukacha ezichanekileyo ngokusekelwe kwimeko yakho.
Zithini iingenelo zotyando?
Ngobuchwepheshe obuphambili bale mihla, uninzi lotyando lukaCrohn lwenziwa nge-laparoscopically, oko kuthetha ukuba lwenziwa ngokusikwa okuncinci nje. Oku kuthetha ukuba awunasikwa esikhulu, kukho ukuthungwa okuncinci, kwaye kukho iintlungu ezincinci emva kotyando .
Ukongeza, utyando lunokubonelela ngezi zibonelelo:
- Ukuncipha kwentlungu yesisu.
- Ukuncipha kweempawu ezifana nokudinwa, urhudo kunye nokuhlanza.
- Ukunciphisa imfuneko yamayeza.
- Ukwanda komnqweno wokutya.
- Ukuvuselelwa komzimba, ukomelela kwamandla.
- Ukukwazi ukuphuma uye kuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo ngaphandle koloyiko.
- Ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi.
Kodwa khumbula, utyando aluqinisekisi ukuba iimpawu aziyi kubuya. Malunga nama-20% abantu abenza utyando banokufuna olunye utyando kwiminyaka emihlanu yokuqala.
Zithini iingozi zale misebenzi yotyando?
Njengakwezinye iintlobo zotyando, utyando lukaCrohn lunemingcipheko ethile. Ezinye zeengxaki ezinokubakho ziquka:
- Ukuvuza kwe-anastomotic: Ukuvuza apho iindawo ezimbini zamathumbu zidibana khona (i-anastomosis).
- Usulelo lweentsholongwane: Usulelo lwenxeba lotyando okanye umgodi wesisu.
- Ukuvaleka kwamathumbu: Ukuphinda kuvaleka kwamathumbu ngenxa yamanxeba emva kotyando.
- Ukopha kakhulu.
- Iingxaki ezinxulumene nestoma: Izinto ezifana nebhegi ye-ostomy ezingangeni kakuhle eluswini.
- Ukunqongophala kweVithamini B12: Le meko inokwenzeka ukuba inxalenye yamathumbu efunxa iVithamini B12 kufuneka isuswe.
Ukuba kuvela naziphi na iingxaki emva kotyando, ugqirha wakho uza kuyila isicwangciso sonyango lwabo. Oku kungabandakanya amayeza, ezinye iindlela zonyango, okanye nolunye utyando.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphiliswa?
Kungathatha iiveki ezine ukuya kwezilishumi elinesibini ukuba umntu aphile ngokupheleleyo emva kotyando lukaCrohn. Uninzi lwabantu lunokubuyela emsebenzini kwiiveki ezintandathu.
Ixesha elithathayo ukuze ululame lixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi:
- Uhlobo lotyando olwenzileyo.
- Zingaphi utyando olwenzileyo ngaphambili?
- Inani lamathumbu asusiweyo.
- Amandla omzimba wakho okuphilisa amanxeba.
- iminyaka yakho.
- Ezinye izifo onazo.
Ndingahlala ixesha elingakanani esibhedlele?
Uninzi lwabantu kufuneka bahlale esibhedlele kangangeveki emva kotyando (abanye babuyela ekhaya kwangethuba, abanye bahlala ixesha elide).
Ngelixa usesibhedlele, iqela lezonyango liza kwenza oku kulandelayo:
- Ukujonga indlela amanxeba akho aphola ngayo.
- Ukuba awukwazi ukutya okanye ukusela, nika i-saline (IV fluids) ngomthambo osengalweni yakho.
- Ukuqala ukutya okucacileyo okuneziselo ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
- Xa ulungile, tshintshela ekutyeni okuthambileyo .
Ukuba ukhe wahlinzwa i-ostomy, uza kufundiswa indlela yokusebenzisa nokucoca ibhegi yakho entsha esibhedlele. Uza kuthunyelwa ekhaya kuphela xa uqinisekile ukuba ungayenza wedwa.
Ngaba utyando lunokunyanga ngokupheleleyo isifo sikaCrohn?
Hayi. Utyando alunakunyanga isifo sikaCrohn. Kukho ithuba lokuba iimpawu zibuye nasemva kotyando.
Nangona kunjalo, utyando kunye nezinye iindlela zonyango zinokulawula okanye zinciphise iimpawu zakho. Kwiimeko ezininzi, zinokuphucula kakhulu umgangatho wobomi bakho. Ugqirha wakho uza kusebenza nawe ukwenza isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe.
Ukuba utyando alunyangi esi sifo, kutheni kufuneka sityandwe?
Usenokuba uzibuza oku. Iingozi zokungatyandwa ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho. Kodwa ukuba isifo sikaCrohn asinyangwa, sinokukhokelela koku:
- Intlungu yesisu engapheliyo.
- Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla wokutya kunye nokuncipha komzimba ngendlela engachazekiyo.
- I-anemia.
- Iimeko zokuphila ezibi kakhulu.
- Iimpawu ziya zisiba mandundu.
- Ukwenzeka kotshintsho olubangelwa ngumhlaza emathunjini.
- Umngcipheko okhulayo weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza.
- Ukufuneka ndityandwe ngokukhawuleza.
Kodwa kukho iindaba ezimnandi. Bambalwa abantu abafuna utyando ngoku kunakwiminyaka engamashumi amabini eyadlulayo. Oko kungenxa yovavanyo lokufumanisa kwangethuba kunye nonyango olutsha noluphuculiweyo. Okwangoku, ngumntu omnye kwabahlanu kuphela ofuna utyando kwiminyaka emihlanu yokuqala yokufunyaniswa kwesifo. Umntu omnye kuphela onokukuxelela ukuba yintoni efanelekileyo kuwe ngugqirha wakho.
Uthetha nini nogqirha emva kotyando
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo emva kokuba ubuyele ekhaya emva kotyando, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
| Uphawu | Yintoni ekufuneka iqwalaselwe ngokukodwa |
|---|---|
| Ukungakwazi ukuphuma esitulweni | Ukuba awufumani sisu kangangeentsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuba ubuyile esibhedlele. |
| Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza | Ukuba unesicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza okungapheliyo. |
| Intlungu ebuhlungu | Ukuba intlungu iyanda imihla ngemihla endaweni yokuncipha. |
| Utshintsho kwisihlalo | Ukuba kukho igazi esitulweni okanye ukuba isitulo simnyama njengetha. |
| Iimpawu zokuqhekeka kwegazi | Ukuba ufumana intlungu okanye ukudumba emilenzeni yakho. |
| Iingxaki ze-Ostomy | Ukuba indle ayiphumanga kwindawo evulekileyo yesisu kangangeeyure ezingaphezu kwama-24, isenokuba luphawu lokuba ivalekile. |
Ingcinga yotyando inokuba yinto eyoyikisayo, ingakumbi ukuba ukhe watyandwa ngaphambili. Ngamaxesha anje, kunokuba luncedo kakhulu ukuthetha nabanye abaye baba namava afanayo. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, joyina iqela lenkxaso kwizigulane zikaCrohn. Kunokuba luncedo kakhulu ukwazi ukuba awuwedwa.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Utyando lwesifo sikaCrohn lwenziwa ukunyanga iingxaki ezibangelwa sesi sifo, ezinje ngokuxinana kwamathumbu, i-fistula, kunye namathumba.
- Utyando alunakuphilisa ngokupheleleyo isifo sikaCrohn, kodwa lunokuphucula kakhulu umgangatho wobomi bakho ngokunciphisa iimpawu ezifana neentlungu nokudinwa.
- Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga nokuba ufuna utyando na, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, luhlobo luni na. Buza nayiphi na imibuzo onayo.
- Emva kotyando, khangela iimpawu ezilumkisayo ezifana nentlungu eqatha, ukuhlanza, kunye negazi esitulweni. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Awuwedwa kolu hambo. Kukho izigidi zabantu abaphila nesi sifo. Ungafumana amandla kumaqela enkxaso.
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