Ngaba wakha weva ngomntu ofakwe ityhubhu yesifuba emva kwengozi okanye kuba wayenengxaki yokuphefumla? Usenokuba ukhe wayibona kwimuvi. Igama lezonyango lale nto yiThoracostomy. Nangona isenokuvakala ngathi yoyikisa kancinci, yinkqubo ebaluleke kakhulu yokusindisa ubomi. Kulungile, masithethe ngayo yonke le nto ngokulula namhlanje.
Yintoni iThoracostomy?
Ngamafutshane, i-thoracostomy yinkqubo apho ugqirha enza umngxuma omncinci ecaleni kwesifuba sakho, phakathi kweembambo ezimbini, aze afake ityhubhu yeplastiki kuyo. Sidla ngokuyibiza le tyhubhu ngokuthi 'yityhubhu yesifuba'.
Ngoku khangela, kukho ii-membrane ezimbini ezincinci ezijikeleze imiphunga yethu kwaye zijikeleze ngaphakathi kodonga lwesifuba sethu. Isithuba esiphakathi kwezi membrane zimbini sibizwa ngokuba yi-'pleural space'. Ngenxa yeemeko ezithile zempilo okanye iingozi , umoya, ulwelo (njengamanzi), igazi, okanye ubomvu zinokuqokelelana kule ndawo. Xa oku kusenzeka, imiphunga ayinakuvuthela okanye ikhuphe umoya ngokufanelekileyo, nto leyo enokubangela ubunzima bokuphefumla kunye nentlungu enzima.
Eyona njongo iphambili ye-thoracostomy kukususa nawuphi na umoya okanye ulwelo olungafunekiyo oluqokelelene esifubeni ngetyhubhu, nto leyo evumela imiphunga ukuba isebenze ngokukhululekileyo kwakhona.
Kwimeko kaxakeka, ingakumbi kwimeko eyingozi efana ne-'Tension Pneumothorax', apho unokuphefumla khona kodwa ungakwazi ukuphefumla, oogqirha bafaka inaliti ngokukhawuleza baze bakhuphe umoya ngaphambi kokufaka le tube yesifuba. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-'Needle Thoracostomy'. Le yinkqubo esindisa ubomi eyenziwa kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU).
Zeziphi iimeko ezenziwayo nge-thoracostomy?
Oogqirha benza olu nyango ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Makhe sijonge ezona zizathu ziphambili.
| Imeko | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-Pneumothorax (ukuwa komphunga) | Umoya ozalisa indawo ejikeleze imiphunga. |
| Ukukhupha ulwelo (ukuqokelelwa kolwelo olujikeleze imiphunga) | Ukuqokelelwa kolwelo (njengamanzi) olujikeleze imiphunga. |
| I-Empyema | Ukuqokelelwa kobofu kwindawo ejikeleze imiphunga. |
| I-Hemothorax | Ukuqokelelwa kwegazi ngaphakathi kwesifuba (rhoqo emva kwengozi). |
| I-Chylothorax | Ulwelo olufana nobisi (i-lymph) oluvela kwinkqubo ye-lymphatic luqokelelana esifubeni. |
| Usulelo lweMiphunga | Ukwanda kolwelo olujikeleze imiphunga ngenxa yezifo ezinzima ezifana ne-pneumonia. |
Ngaba kufuneka ndilungiselele olu nyango kwangaphambili?
Ixesha elininzi, oku kwenziwa xa kukho ingozi okanye imeko engxamisekileyo, ngoko ke akukho xesha lokulungiselela kwangaphambili. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, oogqirha kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) benza izigqibo ngokukhawuleza baze benze oku.
Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha, ngenxa yesifo esingapheliyo esifana nolwelo oluhlala luhleli esifubeni, le tube inokuhlelwa kwaye ibekwe. Kwimeko ezinjalo, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika imiyalelo ethile.
- Amanye amayeza (ingakumbi amayeza okunciphisa igazi) anokufuneka ayekiswe kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi konyango.
- Uza kucelwa ukuba ungatyi okanye usele iiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi konyango.
- Xelela ugqirha wakho malunga neminye imithi, iivithamini, okanye izongezo ozisebenzisayo.
- Ukuba unayo nayiphi na i-allergies kwiyeza, qiniseka ukuba uyayikhankanya loo nto.
- Yazisa ugqirha wakho ukuba ukhulelwe okanye ungakhulelwa .
Kwenzeka ntoni ngokwenene xa kwenziwa i-thoracostomy?
Le nkqubo idla ngokuthatha malunga nemizuzu engama-30. Uvukile ngexesha le nkqubo. Ungakhathazeki, oogqirha baza kwenza konke okusemandleni abo ukuqinisekisa ukuba awuva ntlungu.
1. Okokuqala, kwenziwa i-X-ray yesifuba ukuqinisekisa ukuba ityhubhu ibekwe ngokuchanekileyo.
2. Emva koko uza kucelwa ukuba ulale ebhedini, uphakamise intloko yakho kancinci, uze ubeke ingalo ecaleni apho ityhubhu iza kufakwa khona ngaphezulu kwentloko yakho.
3. Ulusu olusesifubeni apho kuza kufakwa khona ityhubhu lucocwa kakuhle kwaye luhlanjwe ngesisombululo se-antiseptic.
4. Okulandelayo, eyona nto ibalulekileyo. Iyeza elibangela ukuba umntu angakwazi ukuziva iintlungu (njenge-'Lidocaine') lifakwa eluswini. Oku kuya kukunceda ukuba ungaziva iintlungu ezininzi ngenxa yoko ukwenzayo emva koko.
5. Emva kokuba ulusu luphelelwe ngamandla, kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci phakathi kweembambo ezimbini.
6. Ngaloo mngxuma, ityhubhu yeplastiki (ityhubhu yesifuba) ifakwa ngononophelo kwindawo ejikeleze imiphunga.
7. Isiphelo sangaphandle setyhubhu siqhagamshelwe kwibhotile okanye ibhegi ekhethekileyo (isitya sokukhupha amanzi) esiqokelela ulwelo okanye umoya ophuma esifubeni.
8. Okokugqibela, kufakwa ioyile yokubulala iintsholongwane kwindawo apho umbhobho ungena khona eluswini uze ugqunywe ngebhanti ecocekileyo.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zale ndlela yonyango?
Njengakweyiphi na indlela yonyango, kukho iingenelo kunye neengozi ezincinci kakhulu.
Iingenelo eziphambili
- Le yinkqubo elula engadingi kusika okukhulu (okungenasithintelo kangako).
- Kubalulekile ukusindisa ubomi kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo.
- Oku akudingi i-anesthesia epheleleyo (ukulahlekelwa yingqondo).
- Oku kunika isiqabu esikhulu kumntu onengxaki yokuphefumla ngenxa yolwelo oluqhubekayo esifubeni sakhe.
Iingxaki ezincinci ezinokubakho
Oogqirha benza konke okusemandleni abo ukunciphisa ezi ngozi.
- Ityhubhu ilahlekile okanye iyakhululeka.
- Usulelo lwenxeba.
- Ukuqokelelana komoya phantsi kolusu (`Subcutaneous emphysema`).
- Ukopha.
- Kunqabile kakhulu, umonakalo kwimithambo-luvo okanye kwizicubu ezingqongileyo.
- Ulwelo luyaqokelelana lujikeleze imiphunga emva kokuba ivuselelwe kwakhona (`Ukwandisa kwakhona i-pulmonary edema`).
Kwenzeka ntoni emva konyango?
Emva kokuba ityhubhu ifakiwe, kuya kuthathwa enye i-X-ray ukuqinisekisa ukuba ikhona. Ugqirha kunye nabasebenzi bomongikazi baya kukunika imiyalelo yendlela yokunyamekela ityhubhu kunye nenxeba ngelixa usegumbini.
- Inxeba kufuneka ligcinwe licocekile kwaye lomile .
- Ityhubhu mayingagobi okanye ibambeke .
- Okona kubaluleke kakhulu: Soloko ugcina isitya sokukhupha amanzi singaphantsi komgangatho wesifuba sakho . Kungenjalo, umxholo wesitya unokuvuza kwakhona esifubeni sakho.
- Sela amayeza okudambisa iintlungu kunye namanye amayeza achazwe ngugqirha wakho ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Ityhubhu yesifuba kufuneka ishiywe ixesha elingakanani?
Oku kuxhomekeke kwisizathu sokufakwa kombhobho. Nje ukuba lonke ulwelo okanye umoya osesifubeni uphume, umbhobho uhlala ususwa kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ulwelo luyaqhubeka nokuqokelelana ngenxa yesifo esingapheliyo, njengomhlaza, umbhobho unokufuneka ushiywe iiveki. Buza ugqirha wakho ngolwazi oluthe kratya.
Kunini apho kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza?
Ukuba ufake ityhubhu yesifuba, lumka kakhulu kwezi mpawu zilandelayo. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi, xelela ugqirha wakho okanye umongikazi wakho ngokukhawuleza.
Funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko:
* Ukuba ufumanisa iimpawu zosulelo ezifana nokudumba, ukuba bomvu, ukunyuka okungalindelekanga kwentlungu, okanye umkhuhlane kwindawo yenxeba.
* Ukuba ityhubhu ibonakala ngathi ijijekile okanye inamathele .
* Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla .
* Ukuba ityhubhu ivakala ngathi ikhululekile .
Ukuba ubona into efana nale, yazisa ugqirha wesibhedlele okanye umongikazi ngoko nangoko. Ungaze woyike ukubuza ngayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Thoracostomy yinkqubo elula nesindisa ubomi esusa umoya okanye ulwelo olungafunekiyo esifubeni ngetyhubhu.
- Olu nyango lusetyenziswa kwiimeko zokuwa kwemiphunga, ulwelo, igazi, okanye ubovu obuzalise imiphunga.
- Oku kudla ngokwenziwa xa uvukile, usebenzisa amayeza okukwenza ungabi nazintlungu, ukuze ungabi nantlungu ingako.
- Emva kokuba ityhubhu ifakiwe, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngendlela yokuyinyamekela (ingakumbi malunga netyhubhu kunye nebhotile).
- Ukuba kuvela naziphi na iingxaki, ezinje ngomkhuhlane, ukudumba kwenxeba, okanye ubunzima bokuphefumla, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
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