Ngamanye amaxesha sinokuba nobunzima bokuphefumla ngeendlela esingazange sizicinge. Ngamaxesha anje, mhlawumbi ukhe weva ngenkqubo ebandakanya ukufaka umbhobho omncinci entanyeni yakho ukuze ikuncede uphefumle. Oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-tracheostomy. Eli gama lisenokuvakala lisoyikisa kancinci, kodwa yinkqubo ebaluleke kakhulu yokusindisa ubomi. Ngoko masithethe ngayo ngokulula, ngaphandle koloyiko.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-tracheostomy?
I-tracheostomy kuxa ugqirha evula umngxuma ngaphambili entanyeni yakho, ngqo kumbhobho womoya (i-trachea), okanye oko sikubiza ngokuba yi-bronchi yakho . Emva koko, kufakwa ityhubhu ye-tracheostomy , okanye 'i-trach' ngamafutshane, ngale mngxuma. Oku kwenziwa ngokuthumela umoya ngqo emiphungeni yakho ngetyhubhu xa unengxaki yokuphefumla ngomlomo okanye empumlweni.
Utyando lokwenza lo mngxuma lubizwa ngokuba yi-tracheotomy. Kodwa ngolwimi oluqhelekileyo, oogqirha bethu basebenzisa la magama omabini ngokutshintshana. Ngoko ke musa ukudideka ngaloo nto.
Kutheni umntu edinga i-tracheostomy?
Zininzi izizathu zokuba umntu afune i-tracheostomy. Ngamanye amaxesha inokuba yeyokwexeshana, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha inokuba yeyokusisigxina. Kuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho yempilo.
| Izizathu eziphambili zokufuna i-tracheostomy | Ithetha ukuba... |
|---|---|
| Ukuvalwa kwendlela yomoya | Ukuba i-bronchi inciphile okanye ivalekile ngokupheleleyo ngenxa yethumba, ukudumba, okanye esinye isizathu emqaleni, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukuba kufakwe ityhubhu. |
| Isifo semiphunga, ukukhubazeka, okanye iingozi | Ukuba awukwazi ukuphefumla wedwa ngenxa yesifo esibi semiphunga, ukukhubazeka, okanye ukwenzakala okukhulu entloko nasentanyeni. |
| Emva kotyando | Ukuba udinga uncedo lokuphefumla emva kotyando emqaleni wakho okanye kwibhokisi yelizwi. |
| Ukuba kwi-ventilator | Ukuba isigulana kufuneka sidityaniswe ne-ventilator ixesha elingaphezu kweveki, i-tracheostomy ikhululekile kwaye ikhuselekile ngakumbi kwisigulana. |
| Ubunzima bokususa i-mucus | Ezinye izifo zenza kube nzima ukususa i-mucus emiphungeni xa ukhohlela. Ukufunxa i-mucus ngetyhubhu ye-tracheostomy kunokunceda ukugcina indlela yomoya icocekile. |
Ndingayilungiselela njani le tyando?
Ukuba olu lutyando olucwangcisiweyo, ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela indlela yokululungiselela. Ukuba usebenzisa i-anesthesia jikelele , kunokufuneka uyeke ukutya nokusela iiyure ezimbalwa ngaphambi kotyando kwaye kunokufuneka uyeke ukusebenzisa amayeza athile.
Kwakhona, ekubeni uza kuhlala esibhedlele iintsuku okanye iiveki ezimbalwa, kuya kufuneka upakishe izinto ezimbalwa ebhegini uze uzilungiselele.
- Impahla nezinto zococeko lomntu: Impahla ekhululekileyo, izinto ezifana nebrashi yamazinyo.
- Amayeza owasebenzisayo: Ngawaphi amayeza okanye izongezo zesondlo odla ngokuzisebenzisa, ukuba zikhona.
- Into emnandi: Licebo elihle ukuzisa into yokufunda, njengencwadi, ngelixa usesibhedlele.
- Izinto ezinokukunceda unxibelelane: Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Emva kotyando, awuyi kukwazi ukuthetha ngoko nangoko. Ngoko ke, ukuphatha ipeni nephepha, okanye i-smartphone okanye i-tablet, kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu ekunxibelelaneni noogqirha kunye nabantu obathandayo.
Lwenziwa njani utyando?
Olu tyando ludla ngokwenziwa kwigumbi lotyando. Okokuqala, ufakwa i-anesthesia ukuze ulale ngokupheleleyo. Emva koko, ugqirha wenza i-incision encinci ngaphambili kwentamo yakho, ngaphantsi nje kwe -apile yakho ka-Adam. Olu tyando luhamba ngqo eludongeni lombhobho wakho womoya. Emva koko, isithuba siyandiswa ngononophelo ukuze kuvunyelwe ukuba kufakwe ityhubhu ye-tracheostomy.
Emva kokuba ityhubhu ifakiwe, ibotshelelwa ngentambo ejikeleze intamo yakho (ikhola ye-tracheostomy) ukuthintela ukuba ingashukumi. Kusenokufuneka ukuba uthungwe okwethutyana ukuze ubambe ityhubhu endaweni yayo ide iphole. Ukuba awukwazi ukuphefumla wedwa, le tyhubhu iya kuqhagamshelwa kwi-ventilator.
Kukwakho nendlela entsha ebizwa ngokuba yi-percutaneous tracheostomy . Kule ndlela, endaweni yokwenza umngxuma omkhulu, kusetyenziswa inaliti ukwenza umngxuma entanyeni nakwi-trachea kunye nokufaka ityhubhu. Oku kunokwenziwa rhoqo ebhedini yesibhedlele.
Zithini iingenelo kunye neengozi zoku?
Eyona nzuzo iphambili ye-tracheostomy kukuba inika umoya osindisa ubomi xa ukuphefumla ngomlomo okanye empumlweni kungasasebenzi. Kulula kakhulu kwisigulana kune-intubation, eyenziwa ngomlomo. Ikwanceda abantu abaninzi abaqala ukuphefumla bodwa emva kokususwa kwi-ventilator.
Nangona kunjalo, njengalo naluphi na utyando, kukho iingozi ezithile ezinokubakho.
- Ukopha kunye nosulelo.
- Ukonakala komqala okanye umqala womoya.
- Ukuncitshiswa kwendlela yomoya ngenxa yokudumba okanye izicubu ezibomvu.
- Ukonakala kwimithambo-luvo eshukumisa iintambo zakho zelizwi (imithambo-luvo yelaryngeal ephindaphindayo).
- Ukuvaleka kwetyhubhu yetracheostomy ngenxa ye-mucus okanye amahlwili egazi.
- Umoya obambekayo phantsi kolusu olujikeleze imiphunga, isifuba, okanye i-tracheostomy.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukugcina ityhubhu yakho ye-tracheostomy icocekile kwaye ulandele imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngononophelo. Ukwenza njalo kunokunciphisa kakhulu ezi ngozi.
Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando kwaye ungayinyamekela njani ekhaya?
Emva kotyando, iqela lezonyango liza kujonga imeko yakho ngokusondeleyo. Kuya kufuneka unxibelelane ngokubhaliweyo de ukwazi ukuthetha. Ngaphambi kokuba ugoduke esibhedlele, wena nosapho lwakho niza kunikwa imiyalelo eneenkcukacha malunga nendlela yokunyamekela ityhubhu yakho ye-tracheostomy ekhaya.
Kudla ngokuthatha malunga neeveki ezimbini ukuba ityhubhu ye-tracheostomy iphole ngokupheleleyo. Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive iintlungu zentamo ngeli xesha. Kuthatha usuku okanye ezimbini ukuqhela ukuphefumla ngetyhubhu.
Ukugcina ityhubhu icocekile
Ekhaya, kuya kufuneka ucoce ityhubhu yakho ye-tracheostomy ubuncinane kabini ngemini. Kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho kwakhona ngeentsuku apho ityhubhu kufuneka itshintshwe khona.
Ukuthetha
Emva kokuba uphilile, ungathetha nge-tracheostomy, kodwa kufuneka uziqhelanise. Ungathetha ngokugquma umngxuma we-tracheostomy ngomnwe uze uvuthele umoya ngomlomo wakho. Ingcali yezifo zolwimi lokuthetha (SLP) iza kukubonisa indlela yokwenza oku. Kukwakho neentlobo ezikhethekileyo zeevalvu zokuthetha ezikunceda uthethe ngaphandle kokugquma ngomnwe.
Ukutya
Kuza kuthatha ixesha ukuqhela ukuginya. Ekuqaleni, kunokufuneka utyiswe nge-IV okanye ngetyhubhu yokondla. Ingcali yakho yokuthetha iya kukunceda ngemithambo yokwenza ukuginya kube lula.
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha ngokukhawuleza?
Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane.
| Iimpawu zesilumkiso ekufuneka uziqaphele |
|---|
| - Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla. |
| - Ukuba ukubetha kwentliziyo kuba yinto engahambelaniyo. |
| - Ukuba ufumana iintlungu eziqatha ezingapheliyo nokuba sele usele amayeza. |
| - Ukuba kukho ukwakheka kwe-mucus, ukudumba kwenxeba, okanye ukuqhekeka kwesikhumba kwindawo yotyando. |
| - Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu zosulelo ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukubomvu, ubushushu, okanye ubomvu enxebeni. |
| - Ukuba ityhubhu yomzila ivakala ngathi ikhululekile okanye ayisekho endaweni yayo. |
Kuqhelekile ukuziva usoyika kwaye ungaqinisekanga xa usiva ukuba udinga i-tracheostomy. Kodwa khumbula, ngoncedo lweqela lezonyango, uninzi lwabantu lunokuphefumla, lutye, lusele, kwaye luthethe kakuhle emva koku. Nokuba yinto yexeshana okanye engapheliyo, ungonwabela ubomi bakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Tracheostomy lutyando olusindisa ubomi olukunceda uphefumle.
- Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko ngale nto, kodwa ngononophelo olufanelekileyo nengqalelo, le meko ingalawuleka kakuhle.
- Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngononophelo malunga nokucoca nokunyamekela ityhubhu yakho ye-tracheostomy.
- Kuthatha ixesha nomonde ukuqhela ukuthetha nokuginya kwakhona. Uncedo lwengcali yokuthetha lubalulekile kule nto.
- Qaphela iimpawu ezilumkisayo kwaye ufune ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba kukho naziphi na iingxaki eziphakamayo.
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