Kusenokufuneka sijongane nengozi ngexesha elingalindelekanga. Ngexesha elinjalo, kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuba ukwenzakala okukhulu kuya kuguqula ubomi bethu bonke. Ngokwezonyango, sibiza ukwenzakala okunjalo ngokuthi `(Ukulimala Okubuhlungu)`. Le yimeko embi kakhulu nesongela ubomi. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba wonke umntu aziswe ngokufanelekileyo ngale nto.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni ukwenzakala okubuhlungu?
Ngamafutshane, "Ukwenzakala Okubuhlungu" yiyo nayiphi na ingozi yomzimba eyenzeka ngenxa yengozi kwaye inokubangela umonakalo omkhulu emzimbeni, ngamanye amaxesha ide ibulale. Umzekelo, ukwenzakala okubangela ukopha kakhulu okanye ukwenzakala okukhulu entloko kuwela kolu didi.
Enyanisweni, ukwenzakala okunjalo kuxhaphake kakhulu eSri Lanka. Inxalenye enkulu yezigulana ezingeniswe kwiiofisi zoncedo olungxamisekileyo (ii-ETU) ezibhedlele nangayiphi na imini ziye zafumana ukwenzakala okunjalo. Oku kwenzakala kunokwenzeka ekhaya, emsebenzini, okanye xa uqhuba okanye uhamba endleleni.
Ukuwa kunye neengozi zeemoto zihlala zizizathu eziphambili zokwenzakala okunzulu. Kunokubangelwa zizenzo zobundlobongela ezifana nokuhlasela, ukuhlaba, okanye ukudubula.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukwenzakala okukhulu okunje yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango . Ukuba ucinga ukuba wena okanye omnye umntu wenzakele kakhulu, mse kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo lesibhedlele (ETU) ngokukhawuleza.
Ingozi efana nale sisiganeko esitshintsha ubomi. Ayichaphazeli wena wedwa, kodwa ichaphazela namalungu osapho lwakho akukhathaleleyo. Kuthatha ixesha ukuchacha kwingozi efana nale. Inkqubo yokuphiliswa ingacotha. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ube nomonde kuwe nakwabo bakungqongileyo.
Ngaba kukho naziphi na iintlobo zokulimala okunzulu?
Ewe, oogqirha bahlulahlula ezi nzakala ngokusekwe kwindlela ezenzeke ngayo kunye nefuthe ezinalo emzimbeni. Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili. Masijonge oku ukuze kube lula ukukuqonda.
| Uhlobo lokwenzakala | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukulimala ngamandla okungaqondakaliyo | Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo. Lwenzeka xa into ibetha umzimba kakhulu. Umzekelo, ukuwa ukusuka kwindawo ephakamileyo, ukutshayiswa yimoto, okanye ukutshayiswa yinto ethile. Oku kunokubangela ukuphuka kwamathambo, ukopha ngaphakathi, amanxeba anzulu, kunye nokwenzakala okukhulu entloko (ukuxhuzula okukhulu). |
| Ukwenzakala okubangelwa kukuhla kwesantya ngequbuliso (ukwenzakala kokuhla kwesantya) | Khawuthelekelele usemotweni ehamba ngesantya esiphezulu ize ngequbuliso ingqube into ethile. Umzimba wakho nawo uhamba phambili ngesantya esifanayo uze ungqubeke. Ukuba intloko yakho ingqube kwivili lokuqhuba, ingqondo engaphakathi kwentloko yakho ingagxumagxuma isiya phambili ibhekise entloko yakho. Oku kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu engqondweni. |
| Uxinzelelo olungena ngaphakathi | Oku kwenzeka xa into ebukhali ingena eluswini ize ingene emzimbeni. Imizekelo ibandakanya ukuhlatywa ngemela okanye inxeba lokudutyulwa. Olu hlobo lokwenzakala lunokwenzeka xa into ebukhali (efana nocingo) itsalwa okanye iwela phezu kwayo, okanye xa iqhekeka ziingceba xa kuqhuma. |
Ugqirha ugqiba njani ukuba oku "kukwenzakala okukhulu kakhulu"?
Ngokubanzi, ukuba ukwenzakala okuninzi okusongela ubomi kwenzeka ngaxeshanye kwiindawo ezininzi emzimbeni, kuthathwa "njengokwenzakala okukhulu kakhulu." Oogqirha basebenzisa indlela eqhelekileyo yokulinganisa ubukhali bezi nzakala. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-Injury Severity Score (ISS) .
Le nkqubo inceda oogqirha ukuba benze izigqibo zonyango ngokujonga isigulane ngasinye ngendlela efanayo. Umzekelo, le nkqubo yokufumana amanqaku ibanceda ukuba bagqibe ekubeni bagcine isigulane esibhedlele okanye basithumelele kwesinye isibhedlele ukuze sifumane unyango olukhethekileyo.
Uzinika njani ezi mpawu?
Oogqirha baqwalasela izinto ezimbini eziphambili:
- Inani lamanxeba: Bhala phantsi inani lamanxeba akwiindawo ezininzi zomzimba (intloko nentamo, ubuso, umphimbo, isisu nesinqe, izandla neenyawo, kunye nolusu).
- Ubunzima bokwenzakala: Ukulimala kuhlolwa njengokuncinci, okuphakathi, okunzulu, okunzulu kakhulu, okubalulekileyo, okanye okunganyangekiyo. Okukhona ukwenzakala kukhulu, kokukhona amanqaku aphezulu.
Ngokusekelwe kwezi zinto, iindawo ezintathu eziphambili zomzimba ezineengozi ezinkulu ziyachongwa, zinikwe amanqaku, kwaye ekugqibeleni kubalwa amanqaku e-ISS. Amanqaku e-ISS ali-15 nangaphezulu athathwa njengokwenzakala okukhulu kakhulu.
Ziziphi ezinye iimeko zempilo ezinokubangelwa kukwenzakala okunje?
Ukwenzakala okukhulu kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezahlukeneyo zempilo. Ezinye zazo ziquka:
- Amathambo aphukileyo, kuquka ukwaphuka komqolo.
- Umphunga owileyo.
- Ukusikwa okunzulu.
- Umothuko wombane.
- Isifuba esithambileyo.
- Ukulimala kwengqondo okubuhlungu (i-TBI) kukwenzakala okukhulu entloko, njengokwaphuka kwentloko okanye ukopha engqondweni.
- Ukopha kakhulu (Ukopha igazi).
- Ukothuka kwe-Hypovolemic yimeko ebangelwa kukwehla koxinzelelo lwegazi.
- Ukulimala komqolo .
- Ukopha ngaphakathi ngenxa yomonakalo kwizitho zangaphakathi (umz. ipancreas, ipleen).
- Ukunqunyulwa kwelungu lomzimba okubangela ingxolo kukulahlekelwa lilungu lomzimba, njengengalo okanye umlenze, ngenxa yengozi.
- I-Aorta, umthambo wegazi omkhulu, iyaqhekeka.
Unyango lunikezelwa njani kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU)?
Xa isigulana siziswe kwigumbi likaxakeka, iqela lezonyango lithatha amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza lize lithathe amanyathelo asisiseko afunekayo ukusindisa ubomi. Le nkqubo yaziwa ngokuba yindlela ye-ABCDE.
| Amanyathelo | Yintoni eyenziwayo |
|---|---|
| Indlela yomoya i-A | Into yokuqala ekufuneka yenziwe kukujonga ukuba isigulane siyakwazi na ukuphefumla kakuhle kwaye indlela yomoya ivaliwe na. |
| B - Ukuphefumla | Ukuphefumla kuyajongwa. Imeko efana nokuwa komphunga (pneumothorax) iyajongwa. Ityhubhu ye-endotracheal iyajongwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ikwindawo efanelekileyo. |
| C - Ukujikeleza kwegazi | Ukuba kukho amanxeba aphuma igazi ngaphandle, anyangwa ngoko nangoko. Ajongwa kwakhona ukuba akukho zimpawu zokuphuma kwegazi ngaphakathi na nokuba isigulane siya kuhlaselwa na. |
| D - Ukukhubazeka (Ingxaki yeNervous) | Uvavanyo olufunekayo luyenziwa ukuze kuchongwe ukuba kukho umonakalo kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo okanye kwintambo yomqolo. |
| E - Ukuvezwa (uvavanyo olupheleleyo) | Khulula zonke iimpahla zesigulana uze uhlolisise umzimba wonke ngononophelo ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho manxeba angabonakaliyo alahlekileyo. |
Oogqirha bahlala benyanga iingozi ezisongela ubomi kuqala. Rhoqo, ugqirha ochwephesha wenza utyando olungxamisekileyo ukulawula iingozi okanye iimeko ezisongela ubomi.
Unyango olufumanayo luya kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lokulimala kwakho. Kusenokufuneka ufune uncedo lweengcali zamathambo kunye noogqirha bemithambo-luvo.
Unyango kufuneka luqhubeke ngalo lonke ixesha lokuchacha. Umzekelo:
- Ulungiso lwenyama
- Unyango lomsebenzi
- Ukubonelela ngenkxaso yengqondo - ukunceda kwiimeko ezinje ngokudakumba, ixhala, kunye nesifo soxinzelelo emva kwesiganeko esibuhlungu (PTSD).
Ngaba iingozi ezinje azinakuthintelwa?
Iingozi azinakuthintelwa ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokubandakanyeka kwingozi. Umzekelo, iingozi zeemoto zezona zinto ziphambili ezenzakalisa kakhulu.
Soloko unxibe ibhanti xa ukhwela imoto. Ungaze uqhube uphantsi kwempembelelo yotywala okanye iziyobisi, okanye uphantsi kwempembelelo yamayeza akwenza ulale, nokuba unikwe ngugqirha. Ezi zinto zilula zingasindisa ubomi bakho.
Ukwenzakala okukhulu kunokwenzeka ngephanyazo. Kodwa kungathatha iinyanga, kwaneminyaka, ukuba kuphinde kulunge ngokupheleleyo. Nangona ukwenzakala emzimbeni kuphola, amanxeba eemvakalelo athatha ixesha ukuphola. Ukuba ulwa wedwa nemiphumo yengozi efana nale, nceda ucele uncedo kugqirha wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukulimala Okubuhlungu kubhekisa kwingozi enkulu enokuba yingozi okanye ide ibulale.
- Ukuwa kunye neengozi zeemoto zezona zinto zibangela oku.
- Ukwenzakala okunje yingxaki yezonyango. Yisa isigulana kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Inkqubo yokuphiliswa ithatha ixesha. Impilo yengqondo ibaluleke njengempilo yomzimba.
- Ngokulandela amanyathelo okhuseleko (umz. ukunxiba amabhanti okhuseleko, ukuphepha ukusela utywala nokuqhuba), unganciphisa umngcipheko weengozi.
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