Sonke siyazi ukuba kunzima kwaye kunzima kangakanani ukulwa nomhlaza. Kodwa ngokuqhubeka kwesayensi yezonyango imihla ngemihla, kufunyanwa unyango olutsha nolutsha. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngendlela entsha abantu abaninzi abanethemba elikhulu ngayo, ukusebenzisa iiseli zethu zomzimba ukunyanga umhlaza. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-TIL Therapy.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-TIL Therapy?
Kulungile, masiyigcine le nto ilula. Mhlawumbi ukhe weva nge -immunotherapy . Imalunga nokuvuselela amasosha ethu omzimba, umkhosi wethu olwa nesifo, ukunceda ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza. Unyango lwe-TIL lolunye lwezo immunotherapy.
Oku kusebenzisa uhlobo olukhethekileyo nolunamandla kakhulu lweseli yokuzikhusela emzimbeni wethu. Ezi seli zibizwa ngokuba zii-lymphocytes ezingenela i-tumor , okanye ii-TILs ngamafutshane.
Cinga nje, imizimba yethu ineentlobo ezahlukeneyo zamajoni (iiseli zomzimba) ezijikeleza ezitalatweni zikhangela izifo. Kodwa la majoni abizwa ngokuba zii-TIL akhethekile nangakumbi. Angena ngqo kwiithumba, oko kukuthi, azihlasela, aze afunde ngqo ukuba zeziphi iindawo ezibuthathaka zezo seli zomhlaza kunye nendlela engcono yokuzitshabalalisa. Afana neqela lemikhosi ekhethekileyo elingena kwinkampu yotshaba kunye nee-scouts.
Yintoni ke ingxaki? Ingxaki kukuba, amajoni ethu omzimba awakwazi ukwenza ngokwaneleyo ngala majoni akrelekrele, okanye iiTIL. Kunzima kwabambalwa ekufuneka balwe nalo mhlaza bodwa baze baphumelele.
Kulapho unyango lwe-TIL lungena khona. Okwenziwa lolu nyango kukukhupha loo majoni e-TIL akrelekrele emzimbeni wakho, uwaphindaphinde ngeebhiliyoni, adale umkhosi onamandla, aze awabuyisele emzimbeni wakho. Emva koko lo mkhosi mkhulu uyahamba aze atshabalalise iiseli zomhlaza.
Lolu nyango lunokusetyenziswa kweziphi iintlobo zomhlaza?
Ukususela ngo-2024, i-U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ivumile unyango lwe-TIL olubizwa ngokuba yi-lifileucel (Amtagvi®) . Lwenzelwe ngokukodwa ukunyanga uhlobo lomhlaza wolusu olubizwa ngokuba yi-melanoma . Nangona kunjalo, alufanelekanga kuzo zonke iintlobo ze-melanoma. Olu nyango lufanelekile kwezi zinto zilandelayo:
- Ayinakuphiliswa ngotyando lodwa,
- Umhlaza osasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba (umhlaza osasazekayo),
- Kwaye abo bangasabeliyo kunyango oluqhelekileyo oluqhele ukunikwa ngoogqirha bomhlaza kuqala.
Ukuba unesifo esifanayo, usenokuba ngumntu ofanelekileyo kolu nyango. Ufanele uthethe nogqirha wakho ngaso.
Ukongeza, oogqirha nabaphandi bafunda ngempumelelo yonyango lwe-TIL kwezinye iintlobo ezininzi zomhlaza, kuquka:
- Umhlaza webele
- Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko
- Umhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu
- Umhlaza wentloko nentamo
- Umhlaza wemiphunga ongengoweseli encinci
Lusebenza njani olu nyango? Masifunde inyathelo ngenyathelo.
Oku akuyonto eyenzeka ngemini enye. Eyona nto iphambili kukubuyisela iiseli zakho zeTIL kuwe. Kodwa kukho amanyathelo aliqela ngaphambi kokuba sifikelele kuloo nqanaba. Masijonge la manyathelo ngokulandelelana kwawo.
| Amanyathelo | Kwenzekani? |
|---|---|
| 1. Ukususwa kwenxalenye yethumba (Ukususwa) | Okokuqala, ufakwa i-anesthesia, aze ugqirha asuse iqhekeza elincinci lethumba lakho, elinobukhulu obufana ne-grapefruit. Eli qhekeza lithunyelwa kwilebhu. Awuyi kuva ntlungu. |
| 2. Ukuvuna kunye nokwandisa i-TIL | Kwilabhoratri, iiseli ze-TIL ziyahlulwa kwithumba. Emva koko, kusetyenziswa iindlela ezikhethekileyo, ziphindaphindwa ngeebhiliyoni. Le nkqubo ithatha malunga neeveki ezintlanu. Emva koko, eli qela leeseli lithunyelwa kugqirha wakho. |
| 3. Ukufakwa kwe-chemotherapy | Uza kungeniswa esibhedlele kwaye unikwe i-chemotherapy iintsuku ezintlanu ukuya kwezisixhenxe. Oku kukulungiselela umzimba wakho umkhosi omtsha weeseli ze-TIL. |
| 4. Ukunika umzimba iiseli ze-TIL (utofelo-gazi lwe-TIL) | Ngoku lelona candelo libalulekileyo. Iiseli zakho ze-TIL, ezenziwe kwilebhu, zifakwa emzimbeni wakho njenge-saline. Oku kwenziwa kube kanye kuphela. Kuthatha malunga neeyure ezimbini. |
| 5. Ukufakwa kwe-Interleukin-2 | Emva kokuba iiseli zeTIL zinikiwe, uza kunikwa iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-Interleukin-2 (IL-2) kangangeentsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezintlanu. Oku kukwayindlela yonyango lwe-immunotherapy. Oku kukwenza kusebenze iiseli zeTIL ezifakwe emzimbeni kwaye kuzikhuthaze ukuba zihlasele umhlaza. |
Emva konyango, kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa. Ngeli xesha, iqela lezonyango liya kujonga ngononophelo indlela umzimba wakho osabela ngayo kunyango. Emva koko, uya kucetyiswa ukuba uhlale kufuphi nesibhedlele iiveki ezimbalwa. Oku kwenzelwa ukuba ufumane unyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba ufumana naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani olu nyango lupheleleyo?
Unyango lwe-TIL lunyango oluqhutywa kube kanye . Nangona kunjalo, yonke le nkqubo ukususela ngomhla wokususwa komhlaza, ukuya kumhla wokwenziwa kweeseli, ukuya kwixesha lonyango lwakho, ukuya kwixesha lokubuyela esiqhelweni kungathatha malunga neeveki ezili-10 . Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele malunga neeveki ezimbini.
Zithini iingenelo kunye neengozi zoku?
Iingenelo zolu nyango
Olu lunyango olunamandla kakhulu, olulungiselelwe umntu ngamnye.
- Uhlaselo olujoliswe kulo: Olu nyango lujoliswe ngqo kwiiseli zomhlaza kuphela. Ke ngoko, akukho monakalo mkhulu kwiiseli ezisempilweni. Oku kunciphisa nomngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
- Ukhuseleko lwexesha elide: Iiseli ze-TIL ezifakwa emzimbeni wakho zihlala emzimbeni wakho iminyaka emininzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba nasemva kokuba unyango luphelile, ezi seli ziyaqhubeka nokulwa nomhlaza.
- Ithemba Elitsha: Mhlawumbi okona kubaluleke kakhulu, oku kuzisa ithemba elikhulu kubantu abanomhlaza we-melanoma ababecinga ukuba awunakunyangeka ngaphambili.
Uphononongo luka-2023 lubonise ukuba emva kweminyaka emine befumene unyango lwe-TIL, abantu abasi-7 kwabali-10 abafumene unyango babengenaso isifo okanye inkqubela phambili. Kwabathathu kwabali-10, amathumba ayenciphile okanye anyamalale ngokupheleleyo.
Iingozi zonyango
Njengakwezinye iindlela zonyango, kukho iingozi ezithile. Ezi ziphumo bezingalindelekanga zibangelwa kakhulu yi -chemotherapy kunye nonyango lwe -interleukin-2 (IL-2) . Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela ekusetyenzisweni kweeseli ze-TIL azifumaneki rhoqo. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo zezi:
- Urhudo
- Ukudinwa
- Umkhuhlane kunye nokubanda
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (i-arrhythmia)
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
- Ukuqhambuka kwesikhumba
Kunqabile kakhulu, unyango lwe-IL-2 lunokubangela ingxaki enkulu ebizwa ngokuba yi -capillary leak syndrome . Kodwa ungakhathazeki, ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela zonke ezi ngozi phambi kokuba uqale unyango.
Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba ndiphile?
Kungathatha iiveki ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu ngaphambi kokuba uzive ungcono emva kwedosi yakho yokugqibela ye-IL-2. Oku kungenxa yokuba umzimba udinga ixesha lokuphola kuxinzelelo lwenkqubo yonke yonyango (utyando, i-chemotherapy, i-IL-2).
Ngaba kukho into endinokuyenza ukuze unyango lube lula?
Le ayilula. Yiyo loo nto iqela lakho lezonyango liza kukujonga ngokusondeleyo kulo lonke ixesha lokuhlala kwakho esibhedlele. Baza kukuhlola rhoqo, benze uvavanyo lwegazi, kwaye baqinisekise ukuba umzimba wakho ulungele unyango. Baza kukunika amayeza afunekayo ukunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kwaye baza kukujonga rhoqo naziphi na iingxaki. Okufuneka ukwenze kukulandela imiyalelo enikwe liqela lezonyango kwaye ubaxelele ngayo nayiphi na ingxaki oyivayo.
Ndifanele ndimfowunele nini ugqirha?
Ukuba ubuyela ekhaya emva konyango kwaye ubonakalisa naziphi na iimpawu zosulelo (umkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba), okanye ufumana naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye ezibi kakhulu, fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Musa ukucinga kabini. Ukuba uziva utshintsho oluncinci, into evakala ngathi 'oku akulunganga,' yazisa ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
Ukuba une-melanoma engasabelanga kwezinye iindlela zonyango, unyango lwe-TIL lunokuba lukhetho olufanelekileyo kuwe. Ukuba ugqirha wakho ucebisa olu nyango, qiniseka ukuba umamele ngononophelo yonke inkqubo, ixesha eliza kuthatha, kunye nemiphumo enokubakho kwimeko yakho. Ugqirha wakho unokukuchazela ngcono iingenelo kunye neengozi zolu nyango.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Unyango lwe-TIL lunyango olutsha nolunamandla olusebenzisa iiseli zakho zomzimba (ii-TIL) ukunyanga umhlaza.
- Okwangoku ivunyiwe kwi-melanoma, uhlobo lomhlaza wolusu olungaphenduliyo kwezinye iindlela zonyango.
- Le nkqubo yonyango ibandakanya ukususwa kwenxalenye yomhlaza ngotyando, ukukhula kweeseli kwilebhu, i-chemotherapy, kunye nolunye unyango, kwaye yonke le nkqubo ingathatha malunga neeveki ezili-10.
- Oku kuhlasela kwaye kutshabalalise iiseli zomhlaza, kungabikho monakalo mkhulu kwiiseli eziqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye neengozi ezithile.
- Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nonyango lwakho okanye ufumana nayiphi na ingxaki emva konyango, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngayo.
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