Oko kufuneka ukwazi malunga ne-"Widowmaker" Heart Attack!

Ngaba wakha weva nge-"Widowmaker" Heart Attack? Olu luhlobo oluyingozi kakhulu lwe-heart attack. Enyanisweni, lunokuba yingozi ekhawulezileyo kubomi bethu. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje, kuba kubaluleke kakhulu kuwe nakubantu obathandayo ukuba niyazi le nto.

Yintoni le "Widowmaker" Heart Attack?

Ngamafutshane, uhlaselo lwentliziyo "olwenziwa ngumhlolokazi" luhlobo olubi kakhulu lohlaselo lwentliziyo. Okwenzekayo koku kukuba omnye wemithambo yegazi emikhulu entliziyweni yethu, umthambo ophambili ohambisa igazi entliziyweni, uvaleke ngokupheleleyo. Lo mthambo ubizwa ngokuba yiLeft Anterior Descending Artery (LAD) . Ngokuchanekileyo, lo mthambo weLAD ngulowo uthwala igazi elicocekileyo nelicebileyo kwi-ventricle yasekhohlo yentliziyo yethu, igumbi eliphambili lokumpompa ezantsi kwentliziyo. Lo mthambo osekhohlo ngulowo uthumela igazi kwi-aorta, epompa igazi emzimbeni wonke. Ngoko khawucinge ukuba bekuya kwenzeka ntoni ukuba lo mthambo oyintloko ubuvalekile!

Oogqirha bathi uhlaselo lwentliziyo "yi-myocardial infarction." Oku kuthetha ukuba izihlunu zentliziyo (i-myocardium) azifumani igazi elaneleyo. Ngaphandle kweoksijini, izihlunu zentliziyo ziqala ukufa. Uhlaselo lwentliziyo lungxamiseko lwezonyango. Ukuba ucinga ukuba uhlaselo lwentliziyo, fowunela i-1990 (inkonzo ye-ambulensi engxamisekileyo yaseSri Lanka) ngoko nangoko, okanye uye esibhedlele esikufutshane.

Ibaluleke kangakanani le nto?

Olu hlaselo lwentliziyo "olubangela umhlolokazi" yinto enokuba yingozi ebomini ngephanyazo . Cinga ngalo, loo mthambo we-LAD esithethe ngawo ngaphambili, unika malunga ne-50%, okanye isiqingatha, segazi elifunekayo kwizihlunu zentliziyo yethu. Ngoko ke, xa uvalekile ngokupheleleyo, inxalenye enkulu yentliziyo iyanqanyulwa ukuhamba kwegazi. Yiyo loo nto iyingozi kangaka.

Ngubani onokuhlakulela esi sifo sentliziyo?

Nangona ibizwa ngokuba yi "Widowmaker," oko kuthetha "widow-maker," esi asisosifo esichaphazela amadoda kuphela. Abafazi nabo banokuba nolu hlobo lwesifo sentliziyo. Ngoko ke musa ukukhohliswa ligama.

Kukho izinto ezininzi ezibangela umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sentliziyo:

• Ubudala: Ukuba uyindoda, emva kweminyaka engama-45. Ukuba ungumfazi, emva kweminyaka engama-50.
• Imbali yosapho: Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onesifo sentliziyo.
• Ukutya okungenampilo: Ukuba utya ukutya okuninzi okunamafutha amaninzi, ityuwa, iswekile, ifayibha encinci, kunye nokungalinganiyo. Kufuneka sicinge nangokutya okukhawulezayo okuninzi kunye "nerayisi eqhotsiweyo" esikutyayo.
• Ukusebenzisa icuba: Ukuba utshaya icuba, sebenzisa izinto ezifana ne-bidis, icuba, njl.
• Ukungazilolongi: Ukuba uphila ubomi bokuhlala phantsi ngaphandle kokuzilolonga umzimba wakho.
• Ezinye iimeko zonyango:
• Ukutyeba kakhulu kuthetha ukuba nobunzima obukhulu.
• Igazi elonyukayo .
• I-cholesterol ephezulu.
• Isifo seswekile (iDiabetes Mellitus) .

Ziziphi iimpawu ezilumkisayo zoku?

"Umhlolokazi" Ezi zezinye zeempawu ezinokubakho ngexesha lokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Ukuba ufumana enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi, musa ukuzityeshela.

• Intlungu okanye ukungakhululeki esifubeni: Olu luphawu oluphambili. Lusenokuvakala ngathi luxinzelelo esifubeni, ubunzima obunzima phakathi esifubeni, okanye ukucinezelwa. Abanye abantu banokufumana imvakalelo yokutsha esifubeni.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla: Kuqala ukuba nzima ukuphefumla ngequbuliso, kwaye ungaziva ngathi uza kufa isiqaqa.
• Ukudinwa: Usenokuziva ngathi intloko yakho iyajikeleza kwaye kunokuba nzima ukuma ungashukumi.
• Ukucaphuka kwesisu okanye isicaphucaphu: Usenokuziva ngathi isisu sakho siyajika okanye ungaziva ngathi uza kuhlanza. Abanye abantu babhidanisa oku ne-gastritis.
• Ukudinwa kakhulu: Ukudinwa kakhulu nokudinwa ngequbuliso ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukuqaqamba kwentloko: Ukuziva uqaqamba kwentloko okanye unesizungu.
• Intlungu kwenye indawo emzimbeni ongasentla: Le ntlungu isenokuqala esifubeni ize isasazeke ingalo yasekhohlo, iye egxalabeni, entanyeni, emhlathini, okanye embindini womqolo.

Okubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba unale mpawu, fowunela u-1990 ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwisibhedlele esikufutshane. Musa ukuqhuba wedwa. Xelela usapho lwakho. Ixesha libaluleke kakhulu apha!

Yintoni ebangela le meko iyingozi?

Eyona nto ibangela ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo "ngumhlolokazi" yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi- "atherosclerosis." Ngamafutshane, oku kuxa i-cholesterol kunye namanye amafutha avela kukutya okungenampilo esikutyayo eqokelelana eludongeni lomthambo wethu we-LAD. Njengomhlwa oqokelelana kumbhobho wamanzi, la mafutha ancipha kancinci aze aqinise umthambo. Ekugqibeleni, la mafutha anokuqhekeka, enze ihlwili legazi elinokuthintela umthambo ngokupheleleyo. Kulapho ke kwenzeka khona ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo.

Oogqirha bayibona njani le nto?

Xa usiya esibhedlele, oogqirha baza kwenza uvavanyo oluninzi ukuze bafumanise ukuba le ngxaki yentliziyo "ingumhlolokazi".

• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG/ECG): Le vavanyo ivavanya umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo. Utshintsho koku lunokubonwa ngexesha lokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Olu luvavanyo olwenziwa ngokuncamathisela izitikha ezincinci esifubeni okanye ezingalweni zakho.
• I-Echocardiogram: Oku kufana nokuskena kwentliziyo. Kunokujonga amandla okupompa kwentliziyo, ukusebenza kweevalvu, kunye nokuba kukho nawuphi na umonakalo kwimisipha yentliziyo.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Kukho ii-enzyme ezithile (umz., i-troponin) ezikhutshwa egazini xa izihlunu zentliziyo zonakele. Amanqanaba azo anokusetyenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo.
• I-X-ray yesifuba:Oku kunceda ukujonga ezinye iingxaki zesifuba, njengentliziyo ekhulisiweyo.
• I-Coronary Angiogram: Olu lolona vavanyo luphambili lokujonga ukuba imithambo yegazi ivalekile kangakanani na. Ityhubhu encinci ifakwa emthanjeni engalweni okanye emlenzeni, kufakwe idayi kwimithambo yegazi yentliziyo, kuze kuthathwe i-X-ray.
• I-Cardiac CT Scan (Cardiac Computed Tomography - CT): Le ikwayi-scan ekhethekileyo eyenzelwe ukubona imeko yemithambo yegazi yentliziyo.
• I-MRI yeNtliziyo (iMagnetic Resonance Imaging): Oku kunokubonelela ngolwazi oluneenkcukacha malunga nolwakhiwo kunye nomsebenzi wentliziyo.
• Ukuskena kwentliziyo yenyukliya: Oku kunokujonga nendlela igazi elihamba ngayo entliziyweni.

Zeziphi iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo?

Oogqirha basebenzisa izinto ezinje xa benyanga isifo sentliziyo "somntu osebenzisa i-widomaker":

• Imaski yeoksijini: Ioksijini inikwa ukunciphisa ubunzima bokuphefumla nokunyusa ubungakanani beoksijini efikelela entliziyweni.
• Iintlobo zamayeza:
• Nciphisa iintlungu.
• Nyibilikisa amahlwili egazi okanye uwathintele ukuba angabikho (umz., i-aspirin, i-clopidogrel).
• Lawula izingqisho zentliziyo ezingaqhelekanga.
• I-cholesterol ephantsi (ii-statins).
• Lawula uxinzelelo lwegazi.
• I-Angioplasty: Oku kuquka ukufaka ibhaluni encinci kumthambo we-LAD ovalekileyo uze uyivuthele ukuze yandise indawo evalekileyo.
• Ukubekwa kwe-stent: Emva kokuba umthambo ukhuliswe nge-angioplasty, kufakwa isixhobo esincinci esifana ne-mesh (stent) endaweni yawo ukuze singaphinde sinciphe. Olu lolona nyango lukhawulezayo.
• Utyando lweCoronary Artery Bypass (CABG): Ukuba umthambo uvalekile kwiindawo ezininzi, okanye ukuba umxinwa kakhulu ukuba ungangena kwi-stent, olu tyando lwe-bypass lwenziwa. Oku kubandakanya ukudlula umthambo ovalekileyo kunye nokudala indlela entsha kusetyenziswa isiqwenga somthambo othathwe kwenye indawo yomzimba.

Ngokwesiqhelo, umntu ofelweyo unokufuna ukuhlala esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezine emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokufuneka bahlale ixesha elide xa kuvela iingxaki.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Ewe, ezinye iindlela zonyango zinokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezincinci.

• Ngamanye amaxesha kukho umngcipheko wokopha ngenxa yezinto ezinciphisa igazi.
• Emva kokuba ufake i-stent, kuya kufuneka usele amayeza athile (umz., i-Aspirin, i-Clopidogrel) ubomi bakho bonke ukuthintela ukuba igazi lingaqhekeki ngaphakathi kuyo.
• Xa kusenziwa utyando lwe-bypass, kukho ithuba elincinci lokuba kubekho iingxaki ezinkulu, ezifana ne-stroke, olunye uhlaselo lwentliziyo, okanye ukufa, nangona zingaqhelekanga. Kodwa oogqirha benza konke okusemandleni abo ukunciphisa ezi ngozi.

Singazama njani ukuthintela oku?

Ngethamsanqa, zininzi izinto esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nesifo sentliziyo, kuquka esi sifo "singumhlolokazi". Ukuba zenziwe ngendlela efanelekileyo, ezi zinto zinokwenza umahluko omkhulu.

• Ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo:
• Ukutya okunamafutha aphantsi: Nciphisa ukutya okunamafutha amaninzi, ukutya okwenziwe ngeoyile yekhokhonathi (ngokulinganisela kuphela), inyama ebomvu (inyama yenkomo, inyama yehagu), ukutya okukhawulezayo, kunye nokutya okubhakiweyo (okunebhotolo eninzi kunye nemargarine) kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
• Ukulawula iswekile: Nciphisa ukutya okuneswekile okufana neziselo ezineswekile, iikeyiki, iibhisikithi kunye ne-ayisikhrim. Kufuneka silumke malunga neswekile esiyongeza kwiti yethu.
• Ulawulo lwetyuwa: Nciphisa ubungakanani betyuwa oyongeza ekutyeni kwakho. Iipickles, iintlanzi ezinetyuwa, kunye neesosi nazo zinetyuwa eninzi.
• Imifuno, iziqhamo, kunye nemifuno eluhlaza: Faka oku kwizidlo ezininzi ngemini. Ukutya okunefayibha eninzi kulungile kakhulu entliziyweni.
• Iintlanzi: Yitya iintlanzi ubuncinane iintsuku ezimbini ngeveki. Ingakumbi iintlanzi ezinamafutha ezifana nesalmon, i-mackerel, kunye ne-sardines zilungile.
• Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, i-cholesterol ephezulu, kunye nesifo seswekile: Ukuba unale meko, thatha amayeza anikwe ngugqirha wakho ngexesha. Fumana uhlolo rhoqo.
• Ziphephe ngokupheleleyo iimveliso zecuba: Yeka ukutshaya icuba ngoko nangoko. Ukuba phakathi kwabantu abatshayayo (ukutshaya ngaphandle kokutshaya) nako kuyingozi.
• Ukuzilolonga rhoqo: Zama ukwenza umthambo onzima ubuncinane imizuzu eli-150 ngeveki (oko kukuthi imizuzu engama-30 ngosuku, iintsuku ezi-5 ngeveki). Ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza, ukubaleka, ukukhwela ibhayisekile, okanye ukudada zezona ndlela zilungileyo.
• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni: Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni obuhambelana nobude bakho. Ukutyeba kakhulu yimbangela ephambili yesifo sentliziyo.
• Ukulawula uxinzelelo: Zama ukuphumla ingqondo yakho ngezinto ezifana neyoga nokucamngca. Lala ngokwaneleyo.

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo "yiWidowmaker"?

Kudla ngokuthatha malunga neeveki ezisibhozo ukuze umntu aphile emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo "ngumhlolokazi", kodwa oku kuyahluka kumntu nomntu.

• Abanye abantu bayakwazi ukubuyela emsebenzini kwiiveki ezimbini.
• Kwabanye, kungathatha iinyanga ezintathu ukuze baphile ngokupheleleyo.
• Ukuba umsebenzi wakho unzima kakhulu (umz., ukulima, ukwakha), ungathanda ukucinga ngokutshintshela kumsebenzi ongenzima kangako.

Injani imeko yexesha elide?

Oku kusenokuvakala kusoyikisa, kodwa kubalulekile ukwazi. Ama-50% abantu abafa ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yintliziyo babonakala kwiiyure zokuqala emva kweempawu. Yiyo loo nto besisoloko sisithi masiye esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza xa iimpawu zibonakala.

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ungasinda kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, uninzi lwabantu lunokuphila ngokupheleleyo.Nangona kunjalo, ngokwezibalo, malunga ne-10% yabantu abanesifo sentliziyo bafa kunyaka wokuqala. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kangaka ukutshintsha indlela ophila ngayo kwaye ulandele iingcebiso zikagqirha wakho emva kokuhlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo.

Ndingazinyamekela njani emva koko?

Ukuba ukhe wahlaselwa yintliziyo, kuya kufuneka wenze utshintsho olukhulu ebomini bakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba ayiphindi yenzeke. Cinga oku njengesiqalo esitsha.

• Thatha inxaxheba kwiinkqubo zokuvuselela intliziyo: Emva kokuba uphumile esibhedlele, oogqirha bakho banokukuthumela kwinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-"cardiac rehab." Le nkqubo ikufundisa izinto ezininzi, kuquka indlela yokuzilolonga, ukutya ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo, kunye nokulawula uxinzelelo. Qiniseka ukuba uyakwenza oku.
• Ukutya okunempilo kwentliziyo: Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, yamkela ukutya okuneoyile encinci, ityuwa encinci, neswekile encinci, kunye neziqhamo ezininzi kunye nemifuno emininzi.
• Ukulawula uxinzelelo: Gcina ingqondo yakho yonwabile. Chitha ixesha nosapho kunye nabahlobo.
• Ukuyeka ngokupheleleyo ukusebenzisa icuba: Oku kuyimfuneko.
• Sela amayeza kanye njengoko ugqirha ewayalele: Ungaphoswa naliphi na iyeza eliyalelwe ngugqirha, lithathe ngexesha kwaye libe kwidosi emiselweyo. Amanye amayeza kuya kufuneka uwathathe ubomi bakho bonke. Musa ukuba livila. Yenzelwe ukhuseleko lwakho.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Qiniseka ukuba uya kuzo zonke iintlanganiso zeklinikhi ugqirha wakho akunike zona. Bafuna ukubona ukuba uphila njani, nokuba uneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezivela kumayeza akho, nokuba umthamo wakho kufuneka utshintshwe na. Buza nayiphi na imibuzo okanye iinkxalabo onokuba nazo ngelo xesha.

Ndingaya nini kwigumbi likaxakeka kwakhona?

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kwakhona (ezifana neentlungu zesifuba ebesithethe ngazo ngaphambili, ukuphefumla kancinci), tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye uye kwisibhedlele esikufutshane ngaphandle kokulibazisa . Oku kubaluleke kakhulu.

Yeyiphi imibuzo ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyibuze ugqirha?

Xa usiya kugqirha, ungathandabuzi ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• "Zithini amathuba okuba ndiphinde ndihlaselwe yintliziyo?"
• "Yeyiphi eyona ndlela ilungileyo yonyango lwemeko yam?"
• "Ngaba kukho amaqela enkxaso abantu abachachayo kwisifo sentliziyo abanokujoyina?"
• "Ndingakulumkela njani ukutya nokusela?"
• "Ndingazilolonga njani?"

Ukwazi ezi zinto ngokucacileyo kuya kukunceda kakhulu.

Okokugqibela, kukho into ekufuneka uyikhumbule! (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo "yiWidowmaker" kuyingozi kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuzazi nokuthatha amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza, sinokuthintela umonakalo omkhulu.

Ukuba unesikrokro sokuba uneempawu zokuhlaselwa yintliziyo, funa uncedo ngokukhawuleza.Oko kuthetha ukufowunela u-1990. Okukhona ufika esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona oogqirha abaninzi banokusindisa izihlunu zentliziyo yakho. Iqela lee-ambulensi liza kuqala ukukunyanga kwangoko nje bakufikisa esibhedlele. Ngoko ke kungcono ukufowunela i-ambulensi kunokuba ucele umhlobo okanye isalamane sakho ukuba sikuqhubele.

Lumka intliziyo yakho. Yamkela indlela yokuphila enempilo. Olu lwazi lubaluleke kakhulu kuwe nakubantu obathandayo. Ngoko ke, bazise ngale nto.

Uhlaselo lwentliziyo lweWidowmaker, uhlaselo lwentliziyo, intliziyo, umthambo we-LAD, iintlungu zesifuba, ukuphefumla okufutshane, impilo yentliziyo, i-atherosclerosis, i-cholesterol, ukhathalelo olungxamisekileyo