Ngaba nawe unengxaki yokuginya ukutya? Ngaba uvakalelwa kukuba kukho into ebambeke emqaleni wakho? Makhe sithethe ngeZenker's Diverticulum!

Ngamanye amaxesha ungaziva ungakhululekanga xa uginya ukutya, akunjalo? Okanye ungaziva ngathi kukho into ebambeke emqaleni wakho. Ezi zinokuba yingxaki kubomi bethu bemihla ngemihla. Mhlawumbi isizathu sale nto yinto ongayicingiyo. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko enjalo, ebizwa ngokuba yiZenker's Diverticulum.

Yintoni iZenker's Diverticulum?

Ngamafutshane, i-Senck's diverticulum sisingxobo esincinci esakha phezulu emqaleni wakho, okanye i-esophagus (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-food pipe). Cinga ngayo, kukho isihlunu phezulu emqaleni wakho, esibizwa ngoogqirha ngokuba yi-cricopharyngeus muscle . Sisebenza njengocango. Xa siginya, esi sihlunu siyaphumla kwaye sivumela ukutya ukuba kudlulele e-esophagus. Kodwa ukuba esi sihlunu asisebenzi kakuhle, oko kukuthi, ukuba asiphumli kakuhle xa siginya, uxinzelelo oluninzi luyanda emqaleni wakho. Cinga ngayo, njengaxa ucinezela umbhobho wamanzi uze uwubambe endaweni enye, uxinzelelo lwamanzi luyanda.

Ekuhambeni kwexesha, olu xinzelelo lubangela ukuba kubekho isikhwama okanye i-diverticulum , apho izicubu ziphuma khona kwindawo ebuthathaka eludongeni lomqala. Esi sikhwama sinokubangela iingxaki ezifana nobunzima bokuginya, ukubuyela kokutya emqaleni, kunye nokuphefumla kakubi. Rhoqo, unyango lubandakanya utyando lokususa okanye ukulungisa isikhwama. Kwakhona, ukutshintsha indlela otya kwaye usela ngayo kunokunceda ukunciphisa ezinye zezi mpawu.

Ziziphi iimpawu zeZenker's Diverticulum?

Iimpawu zinokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu bale ngxowa (diverticulum) kunye nendawo ekuyo. Ukuba ingxowa incinci, usenokungabi nazo iimpawu konke konke. Nangona kunjalo, iingxaki ziqala xa ingxowa iba nkulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba ingaphazamisani nokuginya. Jonga ukuba unayo na kwezi mpawu:

• Umngcipheko we-aspiration pneumonia: Ngamanye amaxesha, ukutya okuginyayo okanye i-mucus emqaleni wakho ingangena ngengozi kwi-trachea yakho (umphimbo womoya) kwaye ibangele usulelo emiphungeni yakho. Oku kunokuba yingozi kancinci, kuba usulelo emiphungeni aluyonto yokuhlekisa.
• Umoya ombi (`Halitosis`): Ukutya kunamathela kuloo ngxowa isemphinjeni, kuze kuqale ukonakala apho. Kulapho ke kuphuma ivumba elibi emlonyeni. Le yinto ebangela iintloni nakuluntu.
• Ukutya okanye i-mucus ebuya emphinjeni wakho: Ukutya okuginyayo kunokubuyela emphinjeni wakho. Oku kwenzeka xa isikhwama sizele kukutya. Kufana nezinto eziphuma ebhegini egcweleyo. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokwenzeka ebusuku ngelixa ulele.
• Ubunzima bokuginya (`Dysphagia`): Olu luphawu oluphambili noluqhelekileyo . Njengoko isikhwama sikhula, sinciphisa indlela emphinjeni, okwenza kube nzima ukuginya ukutya. Ekuqaleni, kunokuba nzima ukuginya ukutya okuqinileyo kuphela, kodwa kamva kunokuba nzima nokuginya ulwelo.
• Ukuziva ngathi kukho into ebambeke emqaleni (`i-Globus sensation`):Usenokuziva ngathi kukho into ebambeke emqaleni wakho, njengebhola. Olu luvo lunokwenzeka naxa ungatyi. Olu luvo luvela xa ingxowa ikhula kwaye icinezela umsipha we-cricopharyngeus, okanye inxalenye ephezulu yomqala.
• Ukurhawuzela (Dysphonia): Utshintsho kwilizwi, ukurhawuzela, lunokwenzeka. Oku kungenxa yokuba ingxowa iyakhula kwaye icinezele kwimithambo-luvo elawula ilizwi lethu, imithambo-luvo ye-pharyngeal ephindaphindayo .
• Ukunciphisa umzimba ngengozi: Usenokunciphisa umzimba ungaqondanga kuba awukwazi ukuginya ukutya kakuhle, nto leyo enokubangela ukungondleki kakuhle.

Yintoni ebangela iZenker's Diverticulum?

Enyanisweni, le diverticulum kaZenker yenziwa ngenxa yokuba umsipha we-cricopharyngeal endiwukhankanyileyo ngaphambili awuphumli ngokupheleleyo. Ngokwesiqhelo, lo msipha kufuneka uhlale uqina kwaye uvale inxalenye engentla yomqala wethu. Uphumla kuphela xa siginya ukutya kwaye uvumela ukutya ukuba kwehle. Kodwa ukuba lo msipha awuphumli xa siginya ukutya, inxalenye engentla yomqala ayivuleki kakuhle.

Kwangaxeshanye, ezinye izihlunu ezinamandla emqaleni wethu zityhala ukutya ezantsi ziye kwimisipha eqinileyo ye-cricopharyngeal. Zombini ezi zinto zibangela uxinzelelo olukhulu eludongeni lomqala.

Kwimeko ye-Senkers' diverticulum, olu xinzelelo lubangela ukuba ingxowa yezicubu ityhalelwe ngaphandle kwindawo ebuthathaka eludongeni lomqala, yenze ingxowa. Le ngxowa yiyo ethintela ukudlula kokutya emqaleni ukuya emqaleni.

Iingcali azikayazi kakuhle ukuba kutheni le misipha ye-cricopharyngeal iqina xa kufuneka iphumle. Nokuba yintoni na imbangela, isiphumo kukwakheka kwesi sikhwama sicaphukisayo.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokuhlaselwa yile meko?

Nangona le meko inokuvela nakubani na, abanye abantu basengozini enkulu yokuba nayo. Jonga:

• Ubudala: Oku kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abaneminyaka ephakathi kwama-70 nama-90. Oku kuthetha ukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke njengoko ukhula. Nangona kunjalo, kunokubonwa rhoqo kubantu abangaphantsi koko.
• Isini: Izifundo zibonisa ukuba amadoda anamathuba amaninzi okufumana esi sifo kunabafazi.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwesisu: Ukuba unezinye iimeko ezibangela ukuba isisu sakho singasebenzi kakuhle, oko kukuthi, ukuba uneengxaki zokunyakaza, umngcipheko wakho wokuba nolu hlobo lokuphazamiseka kwesisu uyanda.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa yeZenker's Diverticulum?

Ukuba le meko ayinyangwanga kakuhle, ezinye iingxaki zinokubakho, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele oku.

• I-pneumonia yokuphefumla:Oku kunzulu kancinci. Ukuba ukutya okuphuma kuloo ngxowa isemqaleni kuya emiphungeni ngempazamo, kunokubangela usulelo lweentsholongwane kwaye kukhokelele kwi-pneumonia. Ukuba ukhohlela rhoqo okanye unengxaki yokuphefumla, kuya kufuneka ucinge ngale nto.
• Ukungondleki: Xa ukutya kungangeni kakuhle kwinkqubo yakho yokugaya ukutya ngenxa yeso singxobo, umzimba wakho awukwazi ukufumana izondlo ozifunayo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekungondlekini kakuhle. Oku kunokukwenza ube buthathaka, unciphise umzimba, kwaye uzive udiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha.

Oogqirha bayibona njani le nto?

Ukuba uneempawu zobunzima bokuginya, kufuneka uqale ubonane nogqirha. Ugqirha uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho aze akuhlole. Angabuza nokuba unezinye iingxaki na ngokusebenza kwe-esophagus (i-esophageal dysmotility). Emva koko uza kuthunyelwa kwingcali kweli candelo, ugqirha wezifo zamathumbu. Uza kwenza uvavanyo olufunekayo ukuze afumanise ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ebangela ingxaki yakho.

Nazi ezinye iimvavanyo ezinokwenzeka:

• Uvavanyo lwe-Esophageal manometry: Olu vavanyo luvavanya ukuba i-esophagus yakho isebenza kakuhle kangakanani, ukuba izihlunu ziyacotha ngokufanelekileyo na, nokuba izihlunu ze-cricopharyngeal ziphumla ngokufanelekileyo na.
• I-Esophagram (i-barium swallow): Kolu vavanyo, usela isisombululo esibizwa ngokuba yi-barium kwaye kuthathwa i-X-ray ukuze kubonwe ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ngaphakathi komphimbo wakho xa uginya ukutya. Ukuba kukho isikhwama, sinokubonakala ngokucacileyo.
• I-Upper endoscopy: Oku kuquka ukufaka ityhubhu encinci efakwe ikhamera ngomlomo uze ujonge ezantsi kwi-esophagus. Oku kuvumela ukuba ingaphakathi le-esophagus libonakale ngokuthe ngqo, apho ingxowa ikhoyo, kunye nobukhulu bayo.

Iphathwa njani iZenker's Diverticulum?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, unyango olungcono kukwenza utyando lokususa okanye ukulungisa isikhwama. Oku kuya kukuvumela ukuba uginye ngokulula kwakhona. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu ofuna utyando. Oogqirha banokucebisa utyando ukuba isikhwama sibangela iingxaki ezinkulu, ezinje ngokungondleki kakuhle okanye i-aspiration pneumonia.

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zotyando ezinokwenziwa ngenxa yoku:

• Utyando oluvulekileyo: Kolu hlobo lotyando, kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci entanyeni. Ugqirha uya ngqo kwisingxobo aze asisuse okanye alungise umsipha.
• Utyando lwe-Endoscopic: Oku kubandakanya ukufaka izixhobo ezincinci ngomlomo ukuze kwenziwe okanye kususwe isikhwama. Akukho mingxunya yenziwayo ngaphandle. Oku kunciphisa ixesha lokuphola kwaye akushiyi zikrwelo.
• I-ZPOEM (`I-Peroral endoscopic myotomy'):Le ikwayinkqubo ye-endoscopic. Ukuchaneka, i-`ZPOEM` imele i-`Zenker's Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy`. Kule nto, izihlunu ze-cricopharyngeal zoluliwe kancinci kwaye ziphumle. Emva koko, ukutya kuyehla ngokulula.

Ingcali yakho yezifo zesisu iza kuxoxa nawe ngenkqubo yotyando efanelekileyo kuwe.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuphola emva kotyando?

Ixesha lokuchacha emva kotyando liyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando olwenzileyo. Ungachacha ngokukhawuleza emva kotyando lwe-endoscopic okanye utyando lwe-ZPOEM kunasemva kotyando oluvulekileyo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela oku ngokweenkcukacha. Nangona kunjalo, ngokubanzi ungalindela oku kulandelayo:

• Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele usuku olunye okanye ezimbini, mhlawumbi neentsuku ezimbalwa.
• Emva kotyando, kuya kufuneka utye izinto ezimanzi okanye ukutya okuthambileyo, okucoliweyo kakuhle kangangeentsuku ezimbini ukuya kwiiveki ezimbini.
• Ukuba utyando oluvulekileyo, unganikwa ukutya ngetyhubhu yokondla okwethutyana de inxeba liphole.

Ngaba iingxaki zinokwenzeka ngenxa yotyando?

Njengakwezinye iintlobo zotyando, iingxaki ezincinci zinokwenzeka kwezi ntlobo zotyando. Kukho iingxaki ezininzi eziqhelekileyo ezinokwenzeka ngotyando oluvulekileyo nolwe-endoscopic:

• Ukopha
• Umngxuma okanye ukukrazuka kwi-esophagus (ukuqhekeka kwe-esophageal)
• Usulelo entanyeni okanye esifubeni (i-mediastinitis)
• Ukulimala kwemilebe, amazinyo, ulwimi, okanye iintsini ngexesha lotyando lwe-endoscopic
• Ukurhawuzela kwelizwi xa umthambo olawula iintambo zelizwi wonakele ngexesha lotyando oluvulekileyo

Kodwa ezi azixhaphakanga kwaye zihlala zibonwa. Oogqirha baza kukwazisa ngale nto.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba uqhubeka nobunzima bokuginya, kungcono ukubona ugqirha ngaphandle kokuyityeshela loo nto. Kwakhona, ukuba ukhe watyandwa i-Zenker's diverticulum, fowunela ugqirha wakho wesisu ngoko nangoko ukuba ufumanisa naziphi na iimpawu zosulelo, ezinje ngomkhuhlane okanye ubomvu .

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba nangona le meko inokunyangeka ngonyango, ngamanye amaxesha ingxowa ingaphinda ibuye. Ngoko ke, buza ugqirha wakho ukuba zeziphi iimpawu onokuba uzikhangela ezibonisa ukuba kukho ingxowa entsha eyenzekileyo emqaleni wakho.

Ndingenza ntoni ukuze ndifumane isiqabu?

Xa une-Zenker's diverticulum, kunokuba nzima ukuyiginya. Kungavakala ngathi ukutya kunamathele emqaleni wakho. Zama ezi zinto zilula, ezinokukunceda ukutyhala ukutya ngebhegi:

• Yitya ukutya kwakho kube kuncinci, ungatyi kakhulu.
• Hlafuna konke ukutya kakuhle phambi kokuba ukuginye. Oku kuya kunceda ukutya kuqhekeke kakuhle kwaye kube lula ukuginya.
• Sela ithamo lamanzi elinye okanye amabini phakathi kokutya. Oku kunceda ekutyhaleni ukutya.
• Kungumbono olungileyo ukunciphisa inani lamandongomane, imbewu, kunye nokutya okunamaxolo anjengee-apile neetumato, kuba zinokunamathela ebhegini. Kwakhona, ukutya okomileyo kakhulu kunokunamathela.

Khawucinge nje, kukho amaxesha apho siziva sonwabile kakhulu okanye sibuhlungu kwaye imiqala yethu ivakala ngathi ixinene. Ngokufanayo, iimeko ezifana ne-Zenker's diverticulum zinokwenza nokuba isenzo esilula sokuginya ukutya kube nzima kakhulu.

Le yingxowa eyenzeka emqaleni. Iyenzeka xa ukutya kungenakukwazi ukuphuma emqaleni kuye emqaleni. Ingxaki isenokuphela ide ibe nkulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba ingakwazi ukuginya ukutya. Kodwa ayibi ngcono ngokwayo. Ngethamsanqa, kukho iindlela ezilungileyo zokunyanga oku.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Kulungile, masikukhumbuze ngezinto ezimbalwa esithethe ngazo esicinga ukuba zibalulekile kuwe:

• I-Zenker's diverticulum sisingxobo esincinci esikhula kwinxalenye ephezulu yomqala wakho, phezulu kwe-esophagus yakho.
• Uphawu oluphambili kubunzima bokuginya (dysphagia) . Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya ukuphefumla kakubi (halitosis), ukutya okubambekayo emqaleni, kunye nokuziva ngathi kukho into ebambekayo emqaleni.
• Ukuba unale mpawu, qiniseka ukuba ubonana nogqirha . Musa ukuyityeshela loo nto.
• Kukho unyango lotyando loku, kwaye utshintsho kwindlela yokutya lunokunceda ekulawuleni iimpawu.
• Nokuba unyango lukhona, le meko ingaphinda ivele ngamanye amaxesha , ngoko ke qaphela loo nto.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luza kukunceda. Ukuba uneengxaki, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Khumbula, ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango zezona zilungileyo!

I-Zenker 's Diverticulum, isikhwama somqala, ubunzima bokuginya, i-dysphagia, iingxaki zomqala, i-larynx, imisipha ye-cricopharyngeal