Ingabe umbono wakho ufiphele phakathi? Lokhu kungaba umgodi we-macular!

Wake wazibuza ukuthi kuzokwenzekani uma kwakheka imbobo encane ngaphakathi kweso, lapho sibona khona ngokucacile? Yileso simo esizokhuluma ngaso namuhla, esibizwa ngokuthi imbobo ye-macular . Nakuba leli igama elisabekayo ukulizwa, uma usuwazi kabanzi ngalo, izinto eziningi zizocaca kuwe. Ake sibone ukuthi liyini, kungani lenzeka, ukuthi ungalibona kanjani, nokuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha.

Iyini ngempela imbobo ye-macular?

Kalula nje, imbobo ye-macular iyimbobo endaweni ephakathi yokubona (i-Macula) yeso lakho. Cabanga ngeso lakho njengekhamera. I -retina ifana nefilimu ekhamera, lapho kuthathwa khona ukukhanya. Phakathi kwe-retina, lapho sigxila khona kokuthile, kunengxenye encane, ebaluleke kakhulu. Yilokho i-macula eyikho. Uma sifunda incwadi, sibuka i-TV, noma sibheka ubuso bomuntu, kusisiza sibone izinto ngokucacile.

Ngakho-ke, uma kwakheka imbobo kulokhu (i-Macula), umbono wakho ophakathi , okuyindlela obona ngayo izinto ngqo phambili, uyathinteka kakhulu. Lokhu kungaphazamisa izinto ezifana nokushayela imoto nokufunda izincwadi. Esikhathini esiningi, lokhu kwenzeka esweni elilodwa, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kunethuba elincane lokuthi kungenzeka emehlweni womabili.

Ngaphakathi kweso kukhona into efana nejeli ebizwa ngokuthi i-vitreous humor . Ngezinye izikhathi, lapho le jeli ishintsha uhlobo lwayo, futhi njengoba ifinyela, ingadonsa i-macula, idale imbobo efana nale.

Sivame kangakanani lesi simo?

Manje ungase ucabange, 'O, ingabe lokhu kuyenzeka kubantu abaningi?' Eqinisweni, ucwaningo olwenziwe e-United States luthi cishe amacala amasha angu-7-8 e-macular hole ayenzeka kubantu abayi-100,000 minyaka yonke. Kuvame kakhulu kwabesifazane . Futhi, nakuba kuvame kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engu-55, empeleni kungenzeka kunoma ubani.

Ingabe kukhona izinhlobo zemigodi ye-macular?

Yebo, kunezinhlobo ezimbili ikakhulukazi.

1. I-Primary (Macular Hole): Lokhu kwenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngaphandle kwengozi esweni noma kunoma yisiphi esinye isifo.

2. I-Secondary (Macular Hole): Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokulimala kweso noma esinye isimo sezokwelapha njengokuvuvukala ngaphakathi kweso (( Uveitis )).

Kunezinye izindlela odokotela bamehlo abahlukanisa ngazo izimbobo ze-macular, ezibizwa ngokuthi izinhlelo zokulinganisa.Uhlelo olulodwa lunezigaba ezine, isigaba sokuqala singesibi kakhulu, kanti isigaba sesine singesibi kakhulu. Uhlelo olusha lunezigaba ezintathu, ezinqunywa yimiphumela yokuhlolwa. Udokotela wakho wamehlo uzokutshela ukuthi imbobo yakho ye-macular inzima kangakanani.

Ziyini izimpawu zalokhu?

Izimpawu zokuqala zembobo ye-macular zingafaka:

• Umbono ofiphele : Isimo lapho ungakwazi ukubona kahle khona.
• Umbono ophambene : Imigqa eqondile ingase ibonakale igobile futhi igobile, njengokubuka into engakolunye uhlangothi lwengilazi yamanzi.
• Ubunzima bokufunda umbhalo omncane.

Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uphawu oluyinhloko ukubonakala kwebala elimnyama noma elimnyama phakathi nendawo yokubona kwakho .

Uma unezinye zalezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela wamehlo ngokushesha okukhulu .

Kungani lokhu (imbobo ye-macular) kwenzeka? Ziyini izimbangela?

Kwabaningi, izimbobo ze-macular ziyakhula njengoba ziguga ngenxa yokubambelela ku-vitreous humor . Lokhu kusho ukuthi ijeli elingaphakathi kweso liyancipha njengoba likhula futhi lidonswa kude ne-macula, ingxenye ephakathi ye-retina.

Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungenzeka:

• Ngenxa yokulimala esweni.
• Ngenxa yesinye isimo sezokwelapha esithinta iso. Isibonelo, abantu abanokuvuvukala ngaphakathi kweso ((Uveitis)) noma ukungaboni kahle ((Myopia)) .

Ubani osengozini enkulu yokuthola imigodi ye-macular?

Kunezici eziningana ezingabangela lesi simo:

• Ukuguga : Imbangela eyinhloko.
• Ukuba yisifazane.
• Njengoba ngike ngaba nokulimala kwamehlo ngaphambilini.
• Ukuba nombono omfushane (i-Myopia) .
• Uke wahlinzwa amehlo ngaphambilini noma wake waba nezinkinga zamehlo ezivuvukalayo .

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona uma zingelashwa?

Uma imbobo ye-macular ingelashwa, izinkinga ezifana nalezi:

• Ukulahlekelwa umbono , ikakhulukazi umbono ophakathi.
• Imbobo ye-macular ingabangela ukuqhekeka kwe -retinal .
• Imbobo ye-macular iya ngokuya iba nkulu.

Ukuthola kanjani lokhu ngqo?

Uma ubona udokotela wamehlo, uzoqala ngokukubuza ngomlando wezokwelapha womndeni wakho kanye nanoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezokwelapha ongase ube nazo. Kuzodingeka futhi umtshele nganoma yimiphi imithi oyithathayo (kokubili kadokotela kanye nemithi ongayithenga ngaphandle kwemithi kadokotela). Udokotela uzobe esekwenza ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuphelele, okuzohlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwesibani esiqhekekile . Amehlo akho azovuleka, kanti amehlo akho azovuleka, futhi i-retina yakho izohlolwa ngokucophelela.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo?

Udokotela wakho wamehlo uvame uku-oda okukodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalokhu kuhlolwa ukuze ahlole i-retina yakho:

• I-Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi uthathe izithombe ezihlanganisa ingxenye yangaphakathi leso bese ubona isimo se-macula.
• I-Fundus Fluorescein Angiography: Lokhu kuhilela ukufaka uketshezi olukhethekile emthanjeni osengalweni yakho nokuthatha izithombe zemithambo yegazi engaphakathi kweso.
• Izithombe ze-Fundus: Lokhu kuthatha izithombe ze-retina.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha?

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko nokuvame kakhulu kwezimbobo ze-macular ukuhlinzwa okubizwa ngokuthi i-vitrectomy . Kulokhu, udokotela wamehlo ususa into efana ne-jelly esweni lakho (i-vitreous humor). Ngesikhathi esifanayo, noma yiziphi izicubu ezibangela ukucindezeleka okungafanele ku-macula nazo zingasuswa.

Ngemuva kwalokho, udokotela wakho ohlinzayo uzofaka ibhamuza legesi elihlanzekile ngaphakathi kweso lakho. Lokhu kuzocindezela indawo lapho kukhona khona imbobo ye-macular bese kuyigcina lapho ize iphole. Kungase kudingeke ulale ngobuso usuku olulodwa kuya kweziyisikhombisa . Yilapho ibhamuza legesi lizohlala khona futhi lisize imbobo ivaleke.

Cabanga ngakho njengoba sibeka iplasta enxebeni, futhi leli bhamuza legesi yilona elisiza umgodi ukuthi uphole.

Ngezinye izikhathi, uma imbobo ye-macular incane kakhulu, udokotela wakho wamehlo angase akuncome ukulinda isikhashana esikhundleni sokuyelapha. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kwezinye izigaba zokuqala, imbobo ye-macular ingase izivale ngokwayo .

Yiziphi izinkinga ezingaba khona ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-vitrectomy?

Kukhona ithuba elincane lezinkinga ezinjengalezi ezenzeka ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-vitrectomy:

• Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-retinal.
• Ukutheleleka.
• I-Glaucoma ( ukwanda kwengcindezi esweni).
• Ukopha.
• Imbobo ye-macular ingavuleka kabusha noma ingaphinde ivaleke.

Futhi, noma ubani oke wahlinzwa i-cataract usengozini yokuthola i-cataract.Kulindeleke futhi ukuthi kunethuba elikhulu lokukhula noma ukuba mandundu kwe-cataracts.

Ngizozizwa ngingcono ngokushesha kangakanani ngemva kokwelashwa?

Uma uhlinzwa nge-vitrectomy, kuzodingeka ugcine ikhanda lakho ligobile cishe isonto lonke ukuze ugcine ibhamuza legesi lisendaweni yalo. Ibhamuza legesi livame ukuhlala esweni lakho cishe amasonto amathathu kuya kwayisishiyagalombili . Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, umbono wakho uzoba lufifi. Kungathatha izinyanga eziningana ukuthi umbono wakho uthuthuke futhi uzinze. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba nesineke.

Ingabe ikhona indlela yokuvimbela lokhu ukuthi kungenzeki?

Ayikho indlela yokuvimbela ngokuphelele ukwakheka kwembobo ye-macular. Kodwa-ke, kunezinto ongazenza ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho:

• Ukusebenzisa izembozo zamehlo ezivikelayo lapho usebenza noma udlala imidlalo yokuthintana.
• Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo njalo . Nakuba lokhu kungeke kuvimbele izimbobo ze-macular, kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi azibone kusenesikhathi.
• Uma unesifo sikashukela , lawula amazinga kashukela egazini lakho, futhi uma une -hypertension, nakekela amehlo akho.

Yini ongayilindela uma unembobo ye-macular?

Ukuhlinzwa kwe-Vitrectomy kunezinga lempumelelo elingaphezu kuka-90% . Uma ukudabuka kuncane futhi kutholakala futhi kwelashwa kusenesikhathi, ukuhlinzwa kuba yimpumelelo enkulu. Ungase ukwazi ukuthola ingxenye enkulu noma ingxenye yokubona kwakho okulahlekile.

Ngingabuyela nini emsebenzini/esikoleni?

Kuzodingeka uthathe ikhefu emsebenzini noma esikoleni. Lesi sikhathi singahluka kuye ngohlobo lomsebenzi owenzayo. Buza udokotela wakho ohlinzayo ukuthi yini okufanele uyenze nokungafanele uyenze ngemva kokuhlinzwa.

Cishe ngeke ukwazi ukushayela amasonto ayisithupha kuya kwayisishiyagalombili , futhi ngeke ukwazi ukundiza phakathi naleso sikhathi . Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi kuthatha umzimba wakho isikhathi eside kangaka ukumunca igesi. Izinguquko ekucindezelweni komoya zingabangela ukuthi i-bubble engaphakathi kweso ikhule, futhi ukucindezeleka esweni kungaba yingozi. Ngakho-ke, gwema noma yimiphi imisebenzi ebangela ushintsho ekucindezelweni komoya phakathi nalesi sikhathi.

Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?

Kubalulekile ukuthi wonke umuntu ahlolwe amehlo njalo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ekuboneni kwakho, bona udokotela wamehlo ngokushesha . Uma uzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ulahlekelwa umbono ngokuzumayo, hamba uye egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo esibhedlela ngokushesha.

Yimiphi imibuzo ebalulekile okufanele uyibuze udokotela?

Uma unembobo ye-macular, ungase ufune ukubuza udokotela wakho le mibuzo:

• Hlobo luni lokwelashwa olunconywayo?
• Yimiphi imiphumela emibi noma izinkinga ezihlobene nalokhu kwelashwa?
• Ingabe lokhu (umgodi we-macular) kungaphinde kuvele?
• Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukuze ngivikele amehlo ami?
• Ngizokwazi yini ukushayela futhi?

Amehlo ayizitho ezibucayi kakhulu futhi ezibaluleke kakhulu. Kuvamile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile uma uthola ukuthi unesifo samehlo njengembobo ye-macular. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlinzwa kwalokhu kuvame ukuphumelela. Imiphumela iba ngcono nakakhulu uma imbobo isanda kuvela futhi incane. Yingakho kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wamehlo njalo.

Okokugcina, izinto okudingeka uzikhumbule

Kulungile, ngakho-ke, ngithemba ukuthi unombono omuhle mayelana nezimbobo ze-macular kulokho esikuxoxile.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukubonana nodokotela wamehlo ngokushesha uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko embonweni wakho, ikakhulukazi umbono ophakathi ofiphele noma imigqa eqondile ebonakala igobile.

Uma kutholakala kusenesikhathi, ukwelashwa kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kuphumelele. Kungumthwalo wakho ukunakekela amehlo akho. Ungakhathazeki, imithi yesimanje inezindlela ezinhle zokwelapha lezi zimo.