Ingabe ukujikeleza kwegazi emilenzeni yakho kuhle? (Inkomba Ye-Ankle-Brachial - ABI) Ake sithole impendulo ngokuhlolwa!

Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa imilenze yakho ibuhlungu uma uhamba? Noma uzizwa sengathi imilenze yakho iyaphela amandla ngemva kokuhamba ibanga elifushane? Esinye sezizathu zalokhu kungaba ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi enikeza igazi emilenzeni yakho. Ukuhlolwa okulula, okungenabuhlungu ukuthola ukuthi unezimo ezinjalo yini ukuhlolwa kwe-Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI). Ake sixoxe ngalokhu ngokuningiliziwe namuhla.

Iyini i-Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI)?

Kalula nje, le ABI iyisivivinyo esilula esilinganisa umfutho wegazi eqakaleni lakho kanye nengalo engenhla. Ngokuyinhloko ihlola ukuthi imithambo yegazi emikhulu emilenzeni yakho, imithambo yegazi, ivinjiwe noma inciphile yini ngenxa yokugcwala kwamafutha (njengokungcola okuvala ipayipi lamanzi). Odokotela babiza lesi simo ngokuthi "Isifo Semithambo Engaphesheya" noma i-PAD. NgesiSinhala, kusho isifo semithambo yegazi engaphesheya.

Lesi simo se-PAD singabangela imilenze ukuthi ingatholi umoya-mpilo owanele kanye nezakhamzimba. Yilapho-ke izimpawu engizikhulumile ekuqaleni, njengobuhlungu bemilenze kanye nokuba ndikindiki lapho uhamba, zivela khona. Ngakho-ke ukuhlolwa kwe-ABI kunganquma ukuthi une-PAD yini nokuthi, uma kunjalo, inzima kangakanani.

Kufanele ngikwenze nini lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-ABI?

Akuwona wonke umuntu okudingeka enze lokhu kuhlolwa, kodwa udokotela angaphakamisa ukuhlolwa kwe-ABI uma unanoma yikuphi kwalokhu okulandelayo:

• Ubuhlungu bemilenze: Uma uzwa ubuhlungu, ukuqina, noma umuzwa wobuthakathaka emilenzeni yakho (amathanga, amathole), ikakhulukazi lapho uhamba noma uzivocavoca, futhi buyancipha ngemva kokuhlala isikhashana nokuphumula.
• Uma uneminyaka engu-65 noma ngaphezulu: Ingozi yokuthola i-PAD iyanda njengoba ukhula.
• Uma uneminyaka ephakathi kuka-50 no-64 ubudala futhi unezinye izici eziyingozi:
• Uma unesifo sikashukela (`(Isifo Sikashukela)`.
• Uma une-``(Umfutho wegazi ophakeme)``.
• Uma une-cholesterol ephezulu egazini lakho.
• Uma usebenzisa ugwayi (njengogwayi, ama-beedis).
• Uma kukhona emndenini wakho (umama, ubaba, izingane zakini) oke waba ne-PAD ngaphambili.
• Ngisho noma ungaphansi kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala, unesifo sikashukela kanye nesinye isici esiyingozi (kulabo okukhulunywe ngabo ngenhla).

Cabanga nje, lokhu kuhlolwa kwe-ABI kungahlonza i-PAD ngaphambi kokuba kube kubi kakhulu. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukwelashwa kungaqalwa ngokushesha futhi kuzoba usizo olukhulu ekuvimbeleni izimo ezifana ``ne-critical limb ischemia`` kanye ``ne-Amputation``, okungadala umonakalo omkhulu emilenzeni, ngezinye izikhathi kuze kube seqophelweni lokunqunywa.

Lolu vivinyo lwe-ABI lwenziwa kanjani?

Lokhu kulula kakhulu. Kufana nokuhlolwa komfutho wegazi lakho uma uvame ukuya kudokotela. Kodwa kulokhu , balinganisa umfutho wegazi ezingalweni zakho, emaqakaleni akho, kanye nasemilenzeni yonke emine.

Lokhu kuhlolwa kuvame ukwenziwa umhlengikazi.

1. Okokuqala, i-blood pressure cuff ibekwa kwenye yezingalo zakho ezingaphezulu, iqiniswe kancane, bese umfutho wegazi ulinganiswa njengoba ufutha futhi ukhipha umoya.

2. Bese ulinganisa enye ingalo ngendlela efanayo.

3. Okulandelayo, i-cuff ibekwa eduze kweqakala lomunye wemilenze yakho bese umfutho wegazi ulinganiswa lapho futhi.

4. Kala omunye umlenze ngendlela efanayo.

Uma ulinganisa umfutho wegazi lakho, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo usebenzisa umshini omncane we-ultrasound (obizwa nangokuthi i-handheld Doppler). Lo mshini ulalela umsindo wegazi ogeleza nge-brachial artery yakho, i-dorsalis pedis artery, noma i-posterior tibial artery. I-pressure gauge ifunda umsindo uma uzwakala.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lokhu ukuhlolwa 'okungahlaseli'. Lokho kusho ukuthi azikho izinaliti noma amanxeba esikhumbeni. Ngakho-ke akukho okufanele ukwesabe. Kulula kakhulu.

Kufanele ngilungiselele kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwe-ABI?

Ukuze wenze ukuhlolwa kube lula kuwe futhi uthole imiphumela enembile, udinga ukwenza izinto ezimbalwa:

• Ungaphuzi lutho oluqukethe i-caffeine (ikhofi, itiye, iziphuzo ezibandayo) ngosuku lokuhlolwa.
• Gwema ukusebenzisa ugwayi (ugwayi, ama-beedis) nokuphuza utshwala ihora elilodwa kuya kwamabili ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.
• Ungenzi noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuzivocavoca ihora ngaphambi kokuhlolwa. Ngisho nokuhamba kancane.
• Gqoka izingubo ezikhululekile nezikhululekile ezikuvumela ukuthi uveze kalula izingalo zakho namaqakala.
• Ngaphambi kokuya kohlolwa, khipha umchamo kahle bese ukhipha isinye. Lokhu kuzokusiza uzizwe ukhululekile ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.

Enye into ebalulekile: Uma wake wahlinzwa ngaphambilini ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukugeleza kwegazi emilenzeni yakho (njenge-vascular bypass), kufanele nakanjani utshele umuntu owenza ukuhlolwa ngakho, njengoba kungase kuthinte indlela ukuhlolwa okwenziwa ngayo.

Yini ongayilindela ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa?

Uma uya egumbini lokuhlolwa, uzocelwa ukuba ulale phansi uphumule imizuzu eyi-10 kuya kwengama-30 ngaphambi kokuqala kokuhlolwa. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukusiza umzimba wakho uzole futhi umfutho wegazi wakho uzinze. Kuzodingeka ulale phansi izingalo nemilenze yakho iqonde phakathi nokuhlolwa. Ngezinye izikhathi, imicamelo emincane izobekwa ngaphansi kwezingalo zakho namaqakala, iwaphakamisele ezingeni lenhliziyo yakho. Lokhu kuzovumela ukufundwa okunembile komfutho wegazi.

Bese kuthi, njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, isisebenzi sezokwelapha:

1. Umfutho wegazi lakho uzolinganiswa ngengalo eyodwa.

2. Ngemuva kwalokho, umfutho wegazi ulinganiswa eqakaleni lomlenze ohlangothini olufanayo nalolo hlangothi.

3. Okulandelayo, umfutho wegazi ulinganiswa eqakaleni lomunye umlenze.

4. Ekugcineni, umfutho wegazi ulinganiswa kwenye ingalo.

Ngezinye izikhathi, uma ufuna ukuthola ukufundwa okunembile, ungathatha lesi sikalo izikhathi ezingaphezu kwesisodwa. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokutshela ngalokhu. Yonke inqubo yokulinganisa umfutho wegazi ivame ukuthatha isikhathi esifushane kakhulu, cishe imizuzu eyi-10 kuya kwengama-20. Yilokho kuphela, ukuhlolwa sekuphelile!

Ingabe zikhona izingozi ngalolu vivinyo?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-ABI kuwukuhlolwa okuphephile kakhulu. Ngokuvamile azikho izingozi noma imiphumela emibi.

Kodwa-ke, uma unezinye zalezi zimo, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho kusengaphambili:

• Uma unezilonda noma izilonda ezingapholi emilenzeni yakho: Akukuhle ukufaka i-cuff endaweni enjalo, ngakho-ke abasebenzi bezokwelapha bazoyigwema leyo ndawo noma basebenzise enye indlela.
• Uma usanda kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa kwe-vascular bypass emlenzeni wakho: Ukusika indawo enjalo kungaba yingozi futhi kungaholela ekuqhekekeni kwegazi.

Uma lezi zinto zishiwo, ithimba lezokwelapha lithatha izinyathelo ezidingekayo.

Kwenzekani ngemva kokuhlolwa?

Ungaqhubeka nemisebenzi yakho evamile ngokushesha nje lapho ukuhlolwa sekuqediwe. Akukho ukuphumula okudingekayo. Ngezinye izikhathi abasebenzi bezokwelapha abenze ukuhlolwa bazokwazi ukukunikeza impendulo ngemiphumela. Ngaphandle kwalokho, kuzodingeka uhlangane nodokotela oye wayala ukuhlolwa ukuze nixoxe ngemiphumela.

Leli nani le-ABI libalwa kanjani?

Kulungile, manje ake sibone ukuthi singabala kanjani leli nani le-ABI. Lokhu kungase kubonakale kungokwezibalo, kodwa empeleni kulula kakhulu.

Kalula nje, isilinganiso esiphezulu sokufundwa komfutho wegazi emaqakaleni akho amabili (i-systolic - inani eliphezulu lokufundwa komfutho wegazi lakho) sihlukaniswa nesilinganiso esiphezulu sokufundwa komfutho wegazi emaqakaleni akho amabili. Yilokho i-ABI eyikho.

Isibonelo, cabanga ngalokhu:

• Umfutho wegazi lakho eqakaleni lakho lesobunxele lingu-105/65 mmHg, kanti eqakaleni lakho lesokudla lingu-100/60 mmHg.
• Umfutho wegazi engalweni yakho yesobunxele u-130/85 mmHg, kanti engalweni yakho yesokudla u-125/80 mmHg.

Manje ukuthola inani le-ABI, sithatha inani eliphakeme kakhulu (`(systolic)`) elithathwe endaweni ngayinye.

• Inani eliphakeme kakhulu le-``(systolic)`` kusukela eqakaleni: 105 mmHg
• Inani eliphakeme kakhulu le-`(systolic)` elivela ezandleni: 130 mmHg

Manje sidinga ukuhlukanisa inani leqakala (105) ngenani lesandla (130).

105 ÷ 130 = 0.807 (cishe 0.8)

Ngakho-ke, kulesi sibonelo, inani le-ABI lingu-0.8.

Ithini le miphumela?

Inani le-ABI olitholayo linikeza umbono ngesimo semithambo yegazi emilenzeni yakho.

• 1.0 kuya ku-1.3: Leli inani elijwayelekile . Kusho ukuthi imilenze yakho inokujikeleza kwegazi okuhle.
• 0.9 kuya ku-1.0: Leli inani elilinganiselwe . Kusho ukuthi i-PAD iseduze nokukhula. Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila zinganconywa.
• 0.7 kuya ku-0.9: Lesi yisimo se -PAD esincane .
• 0.4 kuya ku-0.7: Lesi yisimo se -PAD esimaphakathi .
• Uma kungaphansi kuka-0.4: Lokhu kuyi -PAD enzima . Kuleli qophelo, kungase kube nezimpawu ezengeziwe.

Uma inani le-ABI lingu-0.9 noma ngaphansi, kusho ukuthi une-PAD.

Ngezinye izikhathi inani le-ABIKungaba ngaphezu kuka-1.4. Uma kunjalo, kusho ukuthi imithambo yegazi yakho (imithambo yegazi) isibe nzima kancane, "i-calcified" (njengamatshe). Lokhu kungenzeka njengoba ukhula, kubantu abanesifo sikashukela (isifo sikashukela), noma kubantu abanesifo sezinso. Uma imithambo iqine kanje, kunzima ukusho ngokuqinisekile ukuthi une-PAD yini ngokuhlolwa kwe-ABI. Uma kunjalo, udokotela wakho uzoyala ezinye izivivinyo (isibonelo, ukuhlolwa kwe-"Toe-Brachial Index - TBI)" - okulinganisa umfutho wegazi ozwaneni olukhulu).

Ucwaningo luthole ukuthi abantu abane-ABI engaphezu kuka-1.4 basengozini enkulu yokufa ngenxa yesifo senhliziyo. Ngakho-ke, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inani liphansi noma liphezulu, uma lingaphezu kwesilinganiso esijwayelekile, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.

Kufanele ngishayele nini udokotela wami ucingo?

Uma ungatholi imiphumela yakho ngokushesha ngemva kokuhlolwa kwakho kwe-ABI, qiniseka ukuthi wazisa udokotela wakho.

Kuye ngemiphumela yakho ye-ABI, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe, ukwelashwa, noma izinguquko zendlela yokuphila (njengokudla, ukuzivocavoca, kanye nokuyeka ukubhema).

Uma i-ABI yakho ingaphandle kwesilinganiso esijwayelekile, udokotela wakho angase acele ukuhlolwa kwe-ABI okuphindaphindiwe ngezikhathi ezithile ukuze abone ukuthi i-PAD yakho iya iba yimbi noma ukuthi iyaba ngcono yini ngokwelashwa.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule

Ngakho-ke manje usuyazi ukuthi lolu vivinyo lwe-ABI luyindlela elula kakhulu, engenabuhlungu, futhi ebaluleke kakhulu. Lungakutshela kusenesikhathi ngesimo semithambo yegazi emilenzeni yakho, ikakhulukazi ukuthi unesifo esibizwa ngokuthi i-PAD.

Asikho isizathu sokwesaba. Azikho izinaliti, azikho ukusikeka, azikho izinzwa. Uma udokotela wakho ekutshela ukuthi wenze lokhu kuhlolwa, nakanjani kwenze. Kuzosiza kakhulu impilo yakho. Uma kutholakala isifo, ukwelashwa okudingekayo kungaqalwa ngokushesha.

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungabi namahloni ubuze udokotela wakho. Hlala uphilile!

I- ABI, Inkomba Yeqakala Ne-Brachial, i-PAD, Isifo Semithambo Engaphesheya, Ubuhlungu Bemilenze, Umfutho Wegazi, Ukuhlolwa Kwemithambo