Singakhuluma ngenhliziyo yakho? Uyazi ukuthi lesi sitho esincane sibaluleke kangakanani?

Wake wacabanga ngale njini encane esebenza imini nobusuku ngaphakathi esifubeni sakho? Yebo, ngikhuluma ngenhliziyo yakho. Ifana nomshini omncane onika umzimba wakho wonke impilo. Ngakho-ke, namuhla, ake sixoxe kabanzi ngalesi sitho esimangalisayo esibizwa ngokuthi inhliziyo? Ukulungele ukuthatha lolu hambo?

Iyini inhliziyo? Masiyiqonde kalula!

Kalula nje, inhliziyo iyisitho esilingana nesandla. Yiphampu eyinhloko epompa igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke. Njengoba nje iphampu yamanzi ipompa amanzi ethangini, inhliziyo ipompa igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke. Yisitho esiyinhloko sohlelo lwakho lokujikeleza kwegazi. Yisitho esincane kodwa esinamandla kakhulu, esakhiwe yimisipha nezinye izicubu.

Inhliziyo yakho inamakamelo amane amakhulu . Lawa afana namakamelo amancane. Igazi ligcinwa kula makamelo isikhashana ngaphambi kokuba liqhubekele phambili. Inhliziyo iqala ukushaya ngemizwa kagesi. Njengogesi omncane. Ubuchopho bakho kanye nesistimu yezinzwa kulawula ukusebenza kwenhliziyo.

Yimiphi imisebenzi eyinhloko yenhliziyo? Kungani lokhu kubaluleke kangaka?

Le nhliziyo encane yenza okungaphezu kwalokho okucabangayo. Bheka...

• Ukupompa igazi: Lena yinto eyinhloko. Lithwala igazi emzimbeni wonke. Leli gazi yilona elihlinzeka nge-oxygen nezakhamzimba kuwo wonke amaseli emzimbeni wakho. Liphinde lithwale i-carbon dioxide neminye imfucuza ephuma emaselini bese liyiletha kwezinye izitho lapho ingasuswa khona.
• Ukulawulwa kwesilinganiso senhliziyo: Inhliziyo ngokwayo ilawula izinga kanye nesigqi senhliziyo yakho.
• Ukugcina umfutho wegazi usezingeni elijwayelekile: Inhliziyo iyasiza futhi ekugcineni umfutho wegazi wakho usezingeni elijwayelekile.

Inhliziyo ayenzi lo msebenzi yodwa. Isebenza ngokubambisana nezinye izinhlelo zokwenza lezi zinto:

• Isimiso sezinzwa: Isimiso sezinzwa sithumela izimpawu zokunciphisa izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho uma uphumule futhi sandise izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho uma ukhathazekile noma ucindezelekile.
• Uhlelo lwe-endocrine: Lolu hlelo lukhipha amakhemikhali abizwa ngokuthi ama-hormone . Lawa ma-hormone abangela ukuthi imithambo yegazi inciphe noma ivuleke. Lokhu kuthinta umfutho wegazi. Isibonelo, ama-hormone avela endlaleni yakho ye-thyroid angakhuphula noma anciphise izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yakho.

Ziyini izingxenye zenhliziyo? Kufana nezingxenye zendlu!

Cabanga ngenhliziyo njengendlu encane. Njengezingxenye zendlu, inhliziyo nayo inezingxenye.

• Izindonga: Njengezindonga zendlu.
• Amakamelo: Njengamakamelo endlini.
• Amavalvu: Njengeminyango yamakamelo, angavuleka futhi avale.
• Imithambo yegazi: Njengesistimu yamapayipi amanzi endlini.
• Uhlelo lokuhambisa ugesi: Lufana nohlelo lokuxhuma ugesi oluhlinzeka ngogesi ekhaya.

Manje ake sibheke ngayinye yalezi zingxenye ngemininingwane ethe xaxa.

Izindonga Zenhliziyo

Lezi yimisipha esiza inhliziyo ukuthi ifinyele futhi iphumule. Lokhu kufinyela nokuphumula kuvumela igazi ukuthi ligeleze emzimbeni wonke. Izindonga zenhliziyo zihlukaniswe izinhlangothi zesokudla nesobunxele yizicubu zemisipha ezibizwa ngokuthi i-septum .

Kunezingqimba ezintathu eziyinhloko zodonga lwenhliziyo:

• I-Endocardium: Ingqimba engaphakathi kakhulu.
• I-Myocardium: Ungqimba olujiyile nolunemisipha phakathi nendawo. Lona umsebenzi oyinhloko wenhliziyo wokupompa.
• I-Epicardium: Ingqimba evikelayo engaphandle.

Le `(Epicardium)` iwungqimba olulodwa lwesikhwama esivikelayo esibizwa ngokuthi i-pericardium ezungeze inhliziyo. Le `(pericardium)` ikhiqiza uketshezi lokugcoba inhliziyo. Ivimba inhliziyo ukuthi ingashayi ezinye izitho zomzimba.

Amakamelo Enhliziyo

Njengoba ngishilo ngaphambili, inhliziyo inamakamelo amane amakhulu. Amabili phezulu namabili phansi. Lawa makamelo atholakala ngakwesokudla nakwesobunxele senhliziyo.

• I-atrium yangakwesokudla: Igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo lingena kuleli gumbi ngemithambo emibili emikhulu. I-vena cava ephezulu iletha igazi elivela ezingxenyeni ezingaphezulu zomzimba. I-vena cava ephansi iletha igazi elivela ezingxenyeni ezingezansi zomzimba. I-atrium yangakwesokudla bese ipompa leli gazi liye e-ventricle yangakwesokudla.
• I-ventricle yesokudla: Leli gumbi, elisehlangothini olungezansi kwesokudla senhliziyo, lithumela igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo emaphashini ngomthambo wamaphaphu . Kusemaphashini lapho leli gazi liphinde lifakwe khona umoya-mpilo.
• I-atrium yangakwesobunxele: Igazi elinomoya-mpilo elivela emaphashini lingena kwi-atrium yangakwesobunxele ngemithambo yamaphaphu . Leli gumbi, elisehlangothini oluphezulu lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo, lipompa igazi liye kwi-ventricle yangakwesobunxele.
• I-ventricle yesobunxele: Lena inkulu kancane kune-ventricle yesokudla ngoba yilapho igazi elinomoya-mpilo liphampulwa khona liye emzimbeni wonke.

Ama-valve Enhliziyo

Lezi zifana neminyango ephakathi kwamakamelo enhliziyo. Lawa ma-valve ayavuleka futhi avale ukuze igazi ligeleze ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela. Lawa ma-valve avimba igazi ukuthi ligeleze emuva.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-valve:

• Amavalvu e-Atrioventricular (AV): Lawa atholakala phakathi kwe-atria engenhla kanye nama-ventricle aphansi.
• I-valve ye-Tricuspid: Umnyango ophakathi kwe-atrium yangakwesokudla kanye ne-ventricle yangakwesokudla.
• I-valve ye-mitral:Umnyango ophakathi kwe-atrium yangakwesobunxele kanye ne-ventricle yangakwesobunxele.
• Amavalvu e-Semilunar (SL): Lawa mavalvu ayavuleka lapho igazi liphuma kuma-ventricle.
• I-valve ye-aortic: Iyavuleka njengoba igazi elivela kwi-ventricle yesobunxele lingena kwi-aorta (umthambo oyinhloko othwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo liye emzimbeni).
• Ivalvu yamaphaphu: Iyavuleka lapho igazi elivela e-ventricle yesokudla lingena emithanjeni yamaphaphu (uhlobo olulodwa kuphela lomthambo othwala igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo emaphashini).

Imithambo Yegazi

Inhliziyo ipompa igazi ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zemithambo yegazi:

• Imithambo yegazi: Ithwala igazi elinomoya-mpilo lisuka enhliziyweni liye ezicutshini zomzimba. Okuwukuphela kwento ehlukile yimithambo yegazi yamaphaphu eya emaphashini - ithwala igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo.
• Imithambo: Buyisela igazi elingenawo umoya-mpilo enhliziyweni.
• Ama-capillary: Lawa yimithambo yegazi emincane kakhulu. Igazi elinomoya-mpilo kanye nokushintshana kwegazi okunomoya-mpilo kula ma-capillary.

Imithambo Yenhliziyo

Inhliziyo nayo idinga ukondliwa ukuze isebenze. Inhliziyo ithola ukondliwa kule nethiwekhi yemithambo yenhliziyo . Le mithambo igijima ebusweni benhliziyo. Lena yimithambo ekhonza inhliziyo uqobo.

• Umthambo wenhliziyo ongakwesobunxele: Lo mthambo wenhliziyo ohlukana ube amagatsha amabili: umthambo we-circumflex kanye nomthambo wenhliziyo ohlayo ongakwesobunxele (LAD).
• I-Circumflex artery: Ihlinzeka ngegazi ku-atrium yangakwesobunxele kanye nasezinhlangothini nangemuva kwe-ventricle yangakwesobunxele.
• Umthambo ohlayo ongaphambili kwesobunxele (i-LAD): Uhlinzeka ngegazi ezingxenyeni zangaphambili nezingezansi ze-ventricle yesobunxele kanye nangaphambili kwe-septum yenhliziyo.
• Umthambo wenhliziyo ongakwesokudla (RCA): Uhlinzeka ngegazi ku-atrium efanele, i-ventricle efanele, ingxenye engezansi ye-ventricle yesobunxele, kanye nengxenye engemuva yenhliziyo.

Uhlelo Lokuqhuba Ugesi

Lokhu kufana nohlelo lwezintambo endlini. Isigqi kanye nesivinini sokushaya kwenhliziyo kulawulwa yilolu hlelo. Izimpawu ziqala phezulu kwenhliziyo bese zehla.

• I-Sinoatrial (SA) node: Izimpawu ezibangela inhliziyo ukuthi ishaye ziqala lapha. Yingakho ibizwa ngokuthi "i-pacemaker yemvelo" yenhliziyo.
• I-Atrioventricular (AV) node: Iqhuba izimpawu zikagesi ezivela emakamelweni aphezulu enhliziyo ziye emakamelweni aphansi.
• Igatsha le-bundle lesobunxele: Lithumela ama-pulse kagesi ku-ventricle yesobunxele.
• Igatsha lesikhwama sokudla: Lithumela ama-pulse kagesi ku-ventricle efanele.
• Inqwaba Yakhe: Ithumela ama-impulse avela ku-node (AV) aye kuma-fiber e-Purkinje.
• Imicu yePurkinje: Le micu ibangela ukuthi amangqamuzana enhliziyo afinyele futhi akhiphe igazi.

Inhliziyo yakho ikuphi?

Inhliziyo yakho itholakala ngaphambili kwesifuba sakho. Uma sikhuluma iqiniso, itholakala ngemuva kancane futhi ngakwesobunxele se -sternum (ithambo lesifuba) phakathi kwesifuba sakho.

Inhliziyo iphakeme kancane ohlangothini lwesobunxele lomzimba, phakathi kwamaphaphu angakwesokudla nakwesobunxele. Iphaphu lesobunxele lincane kancane ngoba kufanele lifake inhliziyo ohlangothini lwesobunxele lwesifuba. Ikheji lakho lezimbambo livikela inhliziyo.

Inhliziyo ibukeka kanjani? Ingakanani?

Inhliziyo ibukeka njengephiramidi eguquliwe enezinhlangothi eziyindilinga. Imithambo yegazi emikhulu ingena futhi iphume enhliziyweni. Le mithambo ixhumanisa inhliziyo nomzimba wonke, iyinike igazi nomoya-mpilo.

Inhliziyo yawo wonke umuntu ihlukile kancane. Ngokwesilinganiso, inhliziyo yakho icishe ibe usayizi wesibhakela sakho . Inhliziyo yomuntu omdala inesisindo esingama-ounces ayi-10 (cishe amagremu angu-280) . Lesi sisindo singahluka kuye ngobukhulu bakho nobulili bakho.

Yiziphi izifo ezivamile ezithinta inhliziyo?

Isifo senhliziyo siyinto evame kakhulu. Kwamanye amazwe, siyimbangela ehamba phambili yokufa.

Nazi ezinye izimo ezivamile ezithinta inhliziyo:

• Ukungalingani kwenhliziyo (i-Arrhythmia): Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo kakhulu, okuhamba kancane kakhulu, noma okunesigqi esingajwayelekile.
• I-Cardiomyopathy: Ukuqina okungajwayelekile, ukukhulisa, noma ukuqina kwemisipha yenhliziyo.
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo okubangelwa ukuminyana: Inhliziyo iba lukhuni noma ibe buthaka kangangokuthi ayikwazi ukupompa igazi kahle.
• Isifo semithambo yenhliziyo: Ukugcwala kwamafutha (i-plaque) emithanjeni yenhliziyo okuyenza inciphe.
• Isifo Sikashukela: Amazinga kashukela egazini aphezulu kunokuvamile.
• Ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo/ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo: Ukuvaleka kwemithambo yenhliziyo ngokuzumayo, okuphuca ingxenye yemisipha yenhliziyo umoya-mpilo.
• Isifo se-valve yenhliziyo: I-valve yenhliziyo engasebenzi kahle.
• Umfutho wegazi ophakeme: Igazi lisunduza ngamandla ezindongeni zemithambo yegazi.
• I-cholesterol ephezulu: Amazinga aphezulu amafutha egazini.
• I-Pericarditis: Ukuvuvukala kwe-pericardium, isikhwama esimboza inhliziyo.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile zesifo senhliziyo? Qaphela lezi!

Isifo senhliziyo singadala izimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba.
• Ukushaya kwenhliziyo.
• Isiyezi.
• Ukuphelelwa umoya.
• Ukukhathala.
• Ukuvuvukala emzimbeni wakho ongezansi, ikakhulukazi imilenze namaqakala.

Okubalulekile: Uma unesinye noma ngaphezulu salezi zimpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ngezinye izikhathi lokhu kungaba uphawu lwesimo esibucayi.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezivamile ezihlola impilo yenhliziyo?

Odokotela benza izivivinyo ezahlukene ukuze babone ukuthi inhliziyo yakho iphilile yini.

• Ukulinganisa umfutho wegazi.
• I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram - i-EKG): Ukuhlolwa okubheka ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo.
• I-Echocardiogram: Njengokuskena kwenhliziyo nge-ultrasound. Kungabheka ukuma, usayizi, amakamelo, kanye nomsebenzi wamavalvu.
• I-X-ray yesifuba.
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Hlola izinto ezifana ne-cholesterol kanye namazinga kashukela.
• Ukufakwa kwe-catheter emithanjeni yenhliziyo: Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola ukuvaleka kwemithambo yenhliziyo.
• I-CT scan `(I-computed tomography - I-CT scan)`.
• I-MRI yenhliziyo (i-magnetic resonance imaging) .
• Ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka: Lokhu kuhlola ukuthi inhliziyo isebenza kanjani ngesikhathi sokuzivocavoca.

Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezivamile zesifo senhliziyo?

Kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha isifo senhliziyo, kuye ngohlobo lwesifo.

• Imithi: Njengemithi yokwehlisa umfutho wegazi nokuvimbela ukujiya kwegazi.
• Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila: Ukushintsha izinto ezifana nalokho okudlayo nokuphuzayo, kanye nokuthi wenza ukuzivocavoca okungakanani.
• Amadivayisi ezokwelapha: Isibonelo, amadivayisi anjenge-pacemaker.
• Izinqubo: Izinto ezifana `(ukususwa kwe-catheter)` noma `(i-angioplasty)` (ukuvula imithambo yegazi).
• Ukuhlinzwa: Njengokuhlinzwa kwe-coronary artery bypass noma ukuhlinzwa kokushintsha ivalvu.

Ngingayigcina kanjani inhliziyo yami iphilile? Ungakwenza lokhu wena ngokwakho!

Uma usuvele unesifo senhliziyo, landela uhlelo lokwelashwa lukadokotela wakho ngqo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphuza imithi yakho ngesikhathi esifanele nangenani elifanele.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungenza lezi zinguquko zendlela yokuphila ukuze ugcine inhliziyo yakho iphilile:

• Gcina isisindo esinempilo esikufanele.
• Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala (uma wenza kanjalo, phuza kancane kakhulu).
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo: Yidla izithelo, imifino, ubhontshisi kanye nokudla okusanhlamvu okuphelele okwengeziwe.
• Zivocavoce ngokomzimba okungenani imizuzu eyi-150 ngesonto. (Ukuzivocavoca umzimba)
• Nciphisa inani likasawoti (i-sodium) elifakwe ekudleni.
• Lawula ukucindezeleka: Sebenzisa izindlela ezinempilo njengokuzindla nokubhala phansi.
• Yeka ukubhema nokusebenzisa eminye imikhiqizo kagwayi ngokuphelele. Gwema ukubhema intuthu esetshenziswa abanye abantu. Uma ubhema, bona udokotela ukuze akusize uyeke.

Yini okufanele ngiyibuze udokotela ngenhliziyo yami?

Uma ubona udokotela wakho, ungabuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Umlando wesifo somndeni wami uthinta kanjani impilo yenhliziyo yami?
• Yini okufanele ngiyenze ukuze ngehlise umfutho wegazi lami?
• Izinga lami le-cholesterol liyithinta kanjani inhliziyo yami?
• Ziyini izimpawu zokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo?
• Hlobo luni lokudla okufanele ngiludle ukuze ngivimbele izifo zenhliziyo?

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Njengesitho esiyinhloko sohlelo lwakho lokujikeleza kwegazi, inhliziyo yakho yiyo ekugcina uphila. Ipompa igazi emzimbeni wakho wonke, ilethe umoya-mpilo emaseli nasezicutshini zakho. Ngenxa yokuthi inhliziyo idlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuyinakekela kahle. Nakuba izimo zenhliziyo zivame, ungenza izinguquko ukuze ugcine inhliziyo yakho iqinile. Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi ungayithuthukisa kanjani impilo yenhliziyo yakho. Inhliziyo yakho, impilo yakho! Yinakekele!

Inhliziyo , isifo senhliziyo, impilo yenhliziyo, ukujikeleza kwegazi, ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo, ukusebenza kwenhliziyo, inhliziyo enempilo