Uyalwazi yini uhlolo lwe-Breast MRI? Ake sixoxe ngemininingwane!

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa igama elithi 'Breast MRI'. Noma udokotela kungenzeka ukuthi ukutshelile ukuthi wenze lokhu kuhlolwa. Iyini ngempela i-MRI yebele (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)? Kalula nje, kuwukuhlolwa okuthatha izithombe zangaphakathi komzimba wakho. Kodwa akusebenzisi i-X-ray. Kunalokho, isebenzisa i-magnet enkulu, amaza omsakazo, kanye nekhompyutha ukwenza izithombe ezicacile nezinemininingwane zezicubu zebele lakho. Udokotela wakho angasebenzisa futhi 'i-Breast MRI' kanye 'ne-Mammogram' ukuhlola umdlavuza webele. Noma bangasebenzisa 'i-biopsy' ukuthatha ucezu oluncane lwezicubu zebele ukuze babone ukuthi kukhona umdlavuza noma ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke kangakanani.

Kungani udokotela angakutshela ukuthi wenze i-MRI yebele?

Kunezizathu eziningana ezenza udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuthi wenze lokhu kuhlolwa. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini:

• Uma usengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza webele (okungukuthi uma othile emndenini wakho eke waba nawo, noma uma unezinguquko zofuzo njenge-BRCA1 noma i-BRCA2), ungase ucelwe ukuthi wenze lokhu ngaphezu kwe-mammogram yakho evamile.
• Uma amabele akho enezicubu eziqinile ('amabele aqinile'), lokhu kungaba yinto ebalulekile njengesivivinyo esengeziwe.
• Kumuntu osanda kutholakala enomdlavuza webele, hlola ngokunembile ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke kangakanani .
• Thola okwengeziwe mayelana nokukhubazeka kwebele okunzima ukukubona ngokunembile nge-mammogram noma i-ultrasound yebele.
• Hlola ukuthi izimila zebele (njengesilinda) ziqhumile yini, noma ukuthi umuntu onezimila unomdlavuza.

Ingabe ufaka uketshezi olukhethekile (udayi wokungafani) kulokhu?

Yebo, isikhathi esiningi, kusetshenziswa idayi yokuhlukanisa kulokhu kuhlolwa kwe-'Breast MRI'. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-'Gadolinium'. Lokhu kunikezwa ngomugqa omncane we-'IV' emthanjeni ongalweni yakho. Lokhu kuvumela i-'Radiologist', isazi se-radiologist, ukuthi sibone ngokucacile ukuthi yini evamile nokuthi yini engavamile emabeleni akho. Lokhu kuhlukile kudayi 'yokuhlukanisa' esetshenziselwa i-'CT scan' ('Computed Tomography scan'), akunjalo?

Buyini ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-Breast MRI nomdlavuza webele?

Ngemva kokuxilongwa ukuthi unomdlavuza webele, odokotela bavame ukuncoma i-'Breast MRI' ukuze bafunde kabanzi ngawo. Nakhu okunye abangakuthola:

• Umdlavuza ususabalale kangakanani? Lokhu kusho ukuthi ususabalale engonweni, esikhumbeni, noma emisipheni yesifuba engaphansi.
• Bheka ezinye izindawo ezinomdlavuza noma izicubu ezingavamile ebeleni. Ngisho nezigaxa ezincane (izilonda) ezingase zingabonakali ku-mammogram zingatholakala nge-MRI.
• Hlola ama-lymph node asekhwapheni lakho ukuze abonakale ukuthi akhulisiwe. Uma ekhulisiwe, lokhu kungaba uphawu lokuthi umdlavuza ususakazeke (ususabalalisiwe) lapho.
• Lokhu kusiza futhi ukubona ukuthi ukwelashwa komdlavuza webele kusebenza kangakanani , ikakhulukazi i-chemotherapy, enikezwa ukunciphisa isimila ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa.

Okunye, i-'Breast MRI' ingaba usizo ekuboneni isimo sezindawo zokususwa kwe-lumpectomy eminyakeni eminingana ngemva kokwelashwa komdlavuza webele. Ngoba ngezinye izikhathi i-'Mammogram' kanye ne-'Ultrasound' kungabukeka kufana, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi isilonda noma umdlavuza ubuyile.

Kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani ngaphambi kwe-MRI yebele?

Ingabe kuwumqondo omuhle ukutshela i-Radiologist yakho noma i-Radiology Technologist lezi zinto ngaphambi kwe-Breast MRI yakho?

• Kulungile uma ukhulelwe noma uncelisa . Ngoba uma ukhulelwe, awukwazi ukwenza i-MRI enedayi yokungafani. Ukuncelisa kungathinta nezithombe ze-MRI.
• Uma kunzima ukulala ngesisu sakho imizuzu engama-30 kuya kwengama-60.
• Uma wake waba nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba nodayi wokwehlukanisa imibala ngaphambili.
• Uma wesaba izindawo ezivalekile (i-claustrophobia), ngezinye izikhathi unganikezwa umuthi wokudambisa ukuze uphumule ngaphambi kokuhlolwa.

Futhi, uma unezinto zensimbi noma amadivayisi ezokwelapha afakiwe emzimbeni wakho, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho kanye nochwepheshe we-MRI ngazo. Hlola okulandelayo:

• Kungaba yi-pacemaker noma i-defibrillator.
• Izikhuthazi noma amadivayisi e-elekthronikhi/afakwe, isibonelo isikhuthazi sezinzwa ze-vagus.
• I-cochlear implant noma ezinye izithombo zendlebe.
• Ama-Aneurysm clips nama-coil.
• Ama-stents awekho enhliziyweni.
• Izihlungi, isibonelo izihlungi zamahlwili egazi.
• Izingcezu zensimbi emzimbeni noma emehlweni (isib. izinhlamvu, izingcezu zensimbi, impuphu yensimbi).

Lawa madivayisi awakwazi ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi esisodwa ne-MRI:

• Idivayisi ekala amazinga kashukela egazini ngokuqhubekayo (`I-Continuous glucose monitor (CGM)`).
• Iphampu ye-insulin.
• Ama-patches emithi (isib. ama-patches okuvimbela inzalo, ama-patches e-nicotine).

Uma usebenzisa lolu hlobo lwemishini, kungcono ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho bese ubuza ukuthi benzani nge-MRI.

Kwenzekani ngesikhathi se-MRI yebele?

Nazi ezinye izinto ongazilindela uma wenza i-MRI yebele:

• Kuzodingeka ugqoke ingubo yasesibhedlela.
• Uma wenza i-MRI, hhayi ukuhlola i-implant yebele, kuzofakwa umugqa we-IV emthanjeni ongalweni yakho ukuze ufake idayi yokungafani ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa.
• Uzolala ubheke phansi etafuleni elinezimbobo ezenzelwe ukulingana namabele akho. Uchwepheshe uzokusiza ukuthi uzibeke kahle. Uma unenkinga, mtshele, kulungile?
• Uchwepheshe uzobe esefaka i-magnet emshinini we-MRI. Uzothatha izithombe kukhompyutha ekamelweni elihlukile, ngenkathi ekubuka ngefasitela. Ungakhuluma nochwepheshe nge-intercom uma ufuna.
• Uma umshini uthatha izithombe, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uthule ngangokunokwenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izithombe zicacile futhi azifiphali. Umshini we-MRI wenza umsindo wokuchofoza omkhulu kulo lonke ukuhlolwa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umshini usebenza kahle. Uzonikezwa ama-earplugs ongafaka ezindlebeni zakho ukuze uvale umsindo.
• Uma i-MRI yakho idinga idayi yokuhlukanisa, uchwepheshe uzoyijova ngemva kokuthathwa kwezithombe zokuqala. Ngemuva kwalokho, kuzothathwa izithombe ezengeziwe kungaba ngesikhathi idayi ijovwa noma ngemva kokuphela kokujova.
• Uma ukuhlolwa sekuqediwe, udokotela we-radiologist uzokucela ukuthi ulinde isikhashana ngenkathi ebuka izithombe, futhi angase akubuze ukuthi kudingeka yini ezinye izithombe.
• Ngemva kokuthatha izithombe ezanele, uchwepheshe wezobuchwepheshe uzosusa umugqa wakho wokugaya bese ebeka ibhandishi elincane phezu kwendawo. Ukuhlolwa kuyabe sekuphelile.

Ngemva kokwenziwa kwe-MRI yebele?

Ngemva kwe-MRI yebele lakho, ungenza imisebenzi yakho evamile. Kodwa-ke, uma wenze i-MRI breast biopsy, ehilela ukuthatha ucezu lwezicubu ku-MRI, kufanele ulandele imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo. Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, uma uthathe umuthi wokudambisa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa, kufanele othile akuyise ekhaya.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuhlolwa kwe-MRI yebele?

Nakuba izindawo eziningi zibekela imizuzu engama-40 kuya kwengama-60 ye-'Breast MRI', 'ukuskena' kwangempela kuthatha cishe imizuzu engama-20 kuphela. Isikhathi esisele sichithwa 'kuhlu lwemibuzo yokuhlola', kufaka i-'IV', kanye 'nokubekwa okufanele'.

Ingabe zikhona izingozi nge-MRI yebele?

Izingozi zokuhlolwa kwe-Breast MRI ziphansi kakhulu uma wena nochwepheshe nilandela imiyalelo yokuphepha ngokucophelela. Izingozi ezingaba khona yilezi:

• Ukusabela kokungezwani komzimba nodayi wokungafani: Kunethuba elincane lokuba nokusabela kokungezwani komzimba nodayi wokungafani. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuvamile kakhulu. Ngisho noma kwenzeka, ngokuvamile kuncane futhi ithimba lezokwelapha lizokwelapha ngokushesha.
• Amaphutha amahle: Ngenxa yokuthi i-MRI iyisivivinyo esibucayi kakhulu, ingaba namaphutha amahle. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izicubu ezivamile empeleni zingabonakala zingavamile. Kodwa-ke, uma udokotela we-radiologist ebona into engavamile ezicutshini zebele lakho, angase acele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze athole ukuthi iyini ngempela.

Iyini imiphumela ye-MRI yebele?

Umbiko wakho we-MRI ungahluka kuye ngokuthi ngabe wenze i-MRI yebele ukuhlola ingozi yomdlavuza webele (ukuhlolwa), ukuthola isimo (ukuxilonga), noma ukuhlola umdlavuza osuvele unawo. Kodwa-ke, udokotela owayala i-MRI yebele lakho uzoxoxa nawe ngemiphumela.

Odokotela be-radiology bonke basebenzisa indlela efanayo ejwayelekile yokubika imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwebele. Ibizwa ngokuthi i-Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) . Ikala imiphumela ngesikali esingu-0 kuya ku-6. Imiphumela yakho ye-MRI ivame ukutholakala ku-akhawunti yakho yamarekhodi ezokwelapha kagesi (uma unayo) kanye nasehhovisi likadokotela wakho zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbili zebhizinisi. Udokotela wakho uzobe esexoxa nawe ngemiphumela.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-Breast MRI ne-Mammogram?

Odokotela basebenzisa i-mammogram kanye ne-MRI yebele ukusiza ekutholeni umdlavuza webele kanye nezinye izinkinga ebeleni.

Ama-mammogram ngokuvamile ayisinqumo sokuqala sokuhlolwa nokuxilongwa komdlavuza webele, ikakhulukazi ngoba yiwona kuphela ukuhlolwa kwezithombe okungakwazi ukubona ngokunembile ama-microcalcifications , okuyisibonakaliso sokuqala seminye imidlavuza yebele.

Kukhona futhi umehluko endleleni lezi zivivinyo ezimbili zezithombe ezisebenza ngayo.

Ingabe i-MRI yebele ingcono kune-Mammogram?

Ayikho into yokuthi enye ingcono kunenye. Empeleni isetshenziselwa izinjongo ezahlukene. I-Mammogram iyisivivinyo segolide esijwayelekile somdlavuza webele. Ngaphezu kwe-mammogram, i-MRI ingaba usizo nakulabo abasengozini enkulu yokuba nomdlavuza webele noma abaye batholakala benomdlavuza webele. Udokotela wakho uzokuchazela ukuthi yikuphi ukuhlolwa okukulungele ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho.

Okokugcina, izinto okudingeka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-MRI yebele iwukuhlolwa okubaluleke kakhulu okusiza ekutholeni, ekuxilongeni, nasekuhloleni umdlavuza webele kanye nezinye izinkinga ebeleni. Kujwayelekile ukuzizwa ukhathazekile kancane ngaphambi kwe-MRI. Ungase ube nemibuzo eminingi nokukhathazeka mayelana nokuthi imiphumela yokuhlolwa izobonisani nokuthi izothinta kanjani impilo yakho. Unganqikazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho. Angakuchazela i-MRI yebele futhi akwazise ngalokho okuzokwenzeka ngemva kwalokho.

Khumbula, ukutholakala kusenesikhathi kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuzivikela ezifweni eziningi . Ngakho-ke uma udokotela ekucela ukuthi wenze ukuhlolwa okunjalo, ungesabi, yazi imininingwane eqondile bese ubhekana nakho.

` I-MRI Yesifuba, Umdlavuza Webele, I-Mammogram, I-MRI Scan, Ukutholwa Komdlavuza, Impilo Yabesifazane, Ukuhlolwa Kwezokwelapha