Ake sixoxe ngezindlela zokubeletha okudingeka uzazi uma ulindele umntwana.

Uma ungumama olindele umntwana kulezi zinsuku, cishe uzizwa ujabule futhi ukhathazekile kancane, akunjalo? Njengoba usondela ekubeni nomntwana, kuvamile ukuba nemibuzo eminingi efana nokuthi, "Kuzoba kanjani? Uzozalwa kanjani umntwana?" Abantu abaningi banecebo engqondweni lokuthi ukubeletha kwabo kufanele kube ngale ndlela. Kodwa-ke, kunzima ukusho kusengaphambili ukuthi yile ndlela kanye umntwana azozalwa ngayo. Kodwa-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi wazi ngezindlela eziningana zokubeletha umntwana. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngokuthi ziyini lezi zindlela zokubeletha.

Yiziphi izindlela eziyinhloko zokubeletha?

Kalula nje, kunezindlela eziningana eziyinhloko zokuzalwa komntwana kuleli zwe. Udokotela wakho noma umbelethisi uzonquma indlela engcono kakhulu kuwe ngokusekelwe empilweni yakho kanye nesimo somntwana. Ake sibheke ukuthi yiziphi lezo zindlela.

• Ukulethwa kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane
• Ukusiza ekubelethweni kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane - kungaba ngokukhipha i-vacuum noma ukulethwa kwe-forceps.
• Ukubeletha umntwana ngokuhlinzwa (ukuhlinzwa kwe-C / ukubeletha ngokuhlinzwa kwe-C)
• Ukubeletha kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane ngemuva kokuhlinzwa (VBAC) komuntu oke wabelethwa ngokuhlinzwa ngaphambilini

Manje ake sixoxe ngezindlela ngayinye yalezi ngemininingwane ethe xaxa , kulungile?

1. Ukubeletha Ngesitho Sangasese Sowesifazane

Lena yindlela ephephile nevame kakhulu yokubeletha . Ngokuvamile, ngaphandle uma kunesizathu esikhethekile sezokwelapha, odokotela batusa le ndlela. Ngokuvamile izalwa phakathi kwamasonto angu-37 no-42. Kunezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko kulokhu: ukubeletha, ukubeletha, kanye nokubeletha i-placenta.

Yiziphi izinzuzo zale ndlela?

• Ungalulama ngokushesha: Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izindlela, ungabuyela esimweni esijwayelekile ngokushesha ngemva kokuthola umntwana ngokwemvelo.
• Kuphephile kuwe nakumntwana wakho: Ezimweni eziningi, lena yindlela enengozi ephansi kakhulu.
• Ingozi yokutheleleka iphansi.
• Kuthiwa izingane azinawo amathuba amaningi okuba nezinkinga zokuphefumula , futhi amasosha omzimba azo nawo ayaqiniswa .
• Ukuncelisa nokuncelisa ngokuvamile kulula.

Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuthola umntwana ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane:

• Ukubeletha ngokwemvelo: Kulokhu, ukubeletha kuqala ngokwemvelo futhi umntwana uzalwa ngaphandle kwemithi. Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi kwenzeke cishe emavikini angu-40.
• Ukubeletha kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane okubangelwa:Ngezinye izikhathi, uma unenkinga yezempilo noma uma usuku lwakho lokuzalwa seludlulile, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imithi noma ezinye izindlela zokubangela ukubeletha. Lokhu kuvame ukwenziwa ngomuthi obizwa ngokuthi i-Pitocin® (uhlobo lokwenziwa lwe-hormone i-Oxytocin). Lokhu kusiza umlomo wesibeletho sakho ukuba uthambe futhi uvuleke.

Kwenzekani uma ungacindezeli ngesikhathi sokubeletha ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane?

Esikhathini esiningi, lapho umlomo wakho wesibeletho usuvulekile ngokuphelele futhi udokotela wakho nabanye sebekulungele, uzotshelwa ukuthi ucindezele lapho kufika ubuhlungu. Kodwa-ke, kunemibono ehlukene mayelana nokuthi kufanele ucindezele nini, ukuthi kufanele ucindezele isikhathi esingakanani, nokuthi kufanele ucindezele kamuva (ukucindezela okulibazisekile).

Kunzima ukusho ngqo ukuthi kuzokwenzekani uma ungacindezeli noma uma ungakwazi ukusunduza, ngoba okuhlangenwe nakho kwawo wonke umuntu kuhlukile. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izifundo ziphakamisa ukuthi ukubambezela noma ukubambezela ukusunduza, noma ngabe kufanele , kungaholela ekuthelelekeni, ukopha okukhulu, noma ukulimala kwe-pelvic . Ngakho-ke kungumqondo omuhle ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokusunduza ngaphambi kokuba ubeletha.

2. Ukusiza Ukubeletha Kwangasese

Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela kufanele asebenzise i-forceps noma i-vacuum ukuze asuse umntwana esithweni sangasese sowesifazane. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukubeletha kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane okusizwayo. Lokhu kwenzeka ezimweni ezinjengalezi:

• Uma usube nokubeletha isikhathi eside .
• Uma ukubeletha kubonakala sengathi kuyabambezeleka futhi akuqhubeki .
• Uma ukhathala ukusunduza futhi ungasakwazi ukusunduza,
• Uma wena noma ingane yakho nibonisa ukucindezeleka .

Kodwa-ke, lolu hlobo lokulethwa okusizwayo lwenziwa kuphela uma kuhlangatshezwana nezimo ezithile.

Yiziphi izibonelo zokubeletha okusizwayo?

Indlela udokotela wakho ayincomayo incike ezimweni obhekene nazo ngesikhathi sokubeletha.

• Ukulethwa nge-forceps: Lena idivayisi efana ne-forceps. Udokotela uyisebenzisela ukubamba ikhanda lomntwana ngokucophelela futhi amsize aphume emgudwini wokubeletha.
• Ukukhishwa kwe-vacuum: Kulokhu, udokotela ubeka inkomishi encane yokumunca ekhanda lomntwana. Ixhunywe kuphampu. Njengoba ucindezela, udokotela usebenzisa inkomishi ukuyikhipha kancane ingane.

Izinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwalezi zindlela zombili kufana kakhulu. Ezimweni eziningi, ukukhetha phakathi kwalezi ezimbili kusekelwe kokuhlangenwe nakho kukadokotela.

3. Ukuthola umntwana ngokuhlinzwa (ukuhlinzwa kwe-C / ukubeletha ngokuhlinzwa kwe-C)

Ukuhlinzwa kwesisu (C-section) inqubo lapho udokotela enza khona ukusikwa esiswini sakho nasesibelethweni ukuze abelethe umntwana wakho. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuhlinzwa kwesisu kungahlelwa kusenesikhathi ngenxa yezizathu zezokwelapha. Noma, uma kuvela inkinga ngesikhathi sokubeletha, kungadingeka ukuhlinzwa kwesisu okungahleliwe.

Yiziphi izizathu zokuba nokuhlinzwa kokuhlinzwa okuhleliwe?

• Uma uke waba nomntwana ngokuhlinzwa .
• Uma ulindele ukuzala okuningi, njengamawele .
• Uma une-placenta ephansi (i-placenta previa) .
• Uma umntwana ephethe isisu , lokho kusho ukuthi iphansi noma imilenze ibheke phansi esikhundleni sekhanda.
• Uma ingane inesisindo esikhulu kakhulu (`i-Fetal macrosomia`) .
• Uma une-uterine fibroids noma ezinye izithiyo esibelethweni sakho .

Kukuziphi izimo lapho ukuhlinzwa okungahleliwe kungaqhutshwa khona?

Ngezinye izikhathi, izimo ziyashintsha ngesikhathi sokubeletha futhi kudingeka ukuhlinzwa ukuze wena nomntwana wakho niphephe.

• Uma ingane ingakhululekile ngandlela thile ('Ukucindezeleka kwengane') , okungukuthi, uma ingane ibonakala inenkinga yokubekezelela ubuhlungu bokubeletha.
• Uma ukubeletha kungaqhubeki futhi kubambekile .
• Uma intambo yesisu yehla futhi iphuma (`Intambo yesisu iyaphela`).
• Uma i-placenta ihlukana nesibeletho ngaphambi kwesikhathi (ukuqhekeka kwe-placenta).
• Uma kukhona ukopha ngokweqile (`Ukopha kwegazi`).

Ziyini izingozi zokuhlinzwa kokubeletha?

Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, ukuhlinzwa kwesisu kunezingozi ezithile. Ngokuvamile, izingozi zokuhlinzwa kwesisu ziphakeme kancane kunezo zokubeletha ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane.

• Ukutheleleka kungenzeka.
• Kungase kube nokopha ngokweqile , futhi kungadingeka ukumpontshelwa igazi.
• Ihlule legazi lingakheka futhi lihambe ngemithambo yegazi bese livaleka (embolism).
• Amathumbu noma esinyeni kungalimala .
• Kuthatha isikhathi eside ukululama , kanti ukuhlala esibhedlela kuqhubeka isikhathi eside.
• Izicubu ezingaphakathi kwesisu zinganamathelana (ukunamathela kwesisu).

Yiziphi izinzuzo zokuhlinzwa kwesisu?

Abanye abantu bakhetha ukuhlinzwa ngokuhlinzwa ngoba bacabanga ukuthi bangakhetha usuku lokubeletha. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi ukuhlinzwa ngokuhlinzwa kokubeletha okukhethiwe. Abanye odokotela bazokuvumela lokhu noma kungekho sizathu sezokwelapha, kodwa iningi alikukhuthazi. Ukuhlinzwa okuningi kwenziwa ngoba kuyadingeka ngokwezokwelapha.I-American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) incoma ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kokubeletha okuhleliwe kungenziwa ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-39 ngaphandle kokuthi kunesizathu sezokwelapha.

Ezinye izinzuzo zokubeletha ngokuhlinzwa uma kuqhathaniswa nokubeletha ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane zingafaka:

• Kuncane ingozi yokulimala lapho umntwana ephuma ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane.
• Ingozi yokuthi umntwana angabi nomoya-mpilo ngesikhathi sokubeletha iphansi.
• Ingozi yokuba nokungakwazi ukuzibamba komchamo noma ukungasebenzi kahle kocansi ingancishiswa kamuva.

4. Ukuzalwa Kwesitho Sangasese Ngemva Kokuhlinzwa (VBAC)

Uma uke wabeletha ngokuhlinzwa ngaphambilini, ungase ukwazi ukuthola umntwana wakho olandelayo ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane, okungukuthi, ngokuvamile. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `VBAC` (Ukuzalwa Kwangasese Ngemva Kokuhlinzwa). Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuthi ukuhlinzwa kwenza i-incision esibelethweni, kwakheka isibazi lapho. Ngakho-ke, kunokwesaba ukuthi ingcindezi yokubeletha ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane futhi ingabangela ukuba isibeletho siqhume endaweni yesibazi esidala. Ngakho-ke, kunezimo ezithile okumele zihlangatshezwe uma uzozama `VBAC`.

Kungenzeka yini ukuba nomntwana ngendlela evamile ngemva kokuhlinzwa?

Yebo, ungakwazi. Uma uhlangabezana nale mibandela, unethuba elikhulu lokuba ne-'VBAC' ephumelelayo:

• Uma udokotela eke wenza ukusika okuphansi okuphambene ngesikhathi sokubeletha kwangaphambilini. Lena yindlela iningi lokubeletha ngokuhlinzwa okwenziwa ngayo, ngaphandle kwezimo eziphuthumayo.
• Uma unezinye izibazi noma izinkinga esibelethweni sakho.
• Uma uke waba nomntwana ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane ngaphambili .
• Uma ungakaze uqhume isibeletho ngaphambili.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi uyakufanelekela yini i-VBAC. Uzobuyekeza umlando wakho wezokwelapha ophelele futhi akunikeze iseluleko ngokufanele.

Ezinye izinto okudingeka uzazi lapho uthola umntwana

Kunezinye amagama ambalwa okufanele uwazi ngokubeletha. Kuzoba lula ngawe ukuwaqonda uma udokotela ekhuluma ngawo.

Kuyini i-episiotomy?

I-episiotomy ukusikwa okuncane okwenziwa ukuze kwandiswe kancane imbobo yesitho sakho sangasese sowesifazane ukuze kube lula ukuthi ikhanda lomntwana liphume. Abantu abaningi abakudingi lokhu. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-episiotomy: ukusikwa okuphakathi, okwenziwa ngqo phambi kwendunu, kanye nokusikwa okuphakathi, okwenziwa kancane eceleni kwendunu.

Ukususwa kwesisu / Ukuphula isikhwama sakho samanzi

I-"Amniotomy" inqubo yokuqhekeka kolwelwesi lwakho (``AROM`` - ukuqhekeka kolwelwesi lwakho ngolwelwesi), isikhwama esigcwele amanzi esizungeze ingane yakho. Udokotela wakho angenza lokhu ngezizathu ezilandelayo:

• Ukuqala ukubeletha noma ukusheshisa (`ukukhuthaza noma ukuthuthukisa ukubeletha`).
• Faka i-internal monitor ukuze uhlole ukufinyela kwakho.
• Beka i-monitha ngaphakathi kwekhanda lomntwana ukuze uqaphe impilo yomntwana.
• Hlola indle yokuqala yomntwana (`Meconium`). (Lesi sithako esiluhlaza okotshani).

Udokotela usebenzisa idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi ``Amniohook'', ebukeka njengenaliti yokuluka. Ngemva kwalokhu, umntwana kufanele abelethwe zingakapheli amahora angama-24 ukuze kuvinjelwe ukutheleleka.

Ukuqapha Umbungu

"Ukuqapha ingane ngaphambi kwesikhathi" inqubo yokuqapha izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo yengane ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Lokhu kungenziwa ngaphandle (``ngaphandle``) noma ngaphakathi (``ngaphakathi``). Uma udokotela eseyazi ukuthi ingane ibhekana kanjani nokubeletha, anganquma ukuthi aqhubeke nokubeletha noma abelethe ingane kusenesikhathi.

• Ekuqapheni kwangaphandle kwengane , kufakwa idivayisi ye-ultrasound esiswini sakho futhi iqopha izinto ezifana nokushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane yakho, ukuthi ukushaqeka kwakho kuvela kangaki, nokuthi kuhlala isikhathi esingakanani.
• Ekuqapheni kwangaphakathi , i-electrode encane inamathiselwa ekhanda lengane ukuze irekhode ukushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane. Amanzi akho kumele ukuthi aphuke ukuze akwazi ukuba nale electrode. Ungase futhi ube nenzwa yokucindezela ebekwe eduze kwengane yakho ukuze ulinganise amandla okufinyela.

Iyiphi indlela yokubeletha ebuhlungu kakhulu?

Lokhu kuyinto engahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Izinto eziningi ziyathinta lokhu, njengokuthi usebenzisa yini ama-painkiller, uhlobo luni lwe-painkiller olusebenzisayo, kanye nokubekezelela kwakho ubuhlungu. Into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinketho zokuqeda ubuhlungu ngaphambi kokuba ubeletha. Ngaleyo ndlela, ungaqonda izingozi nezinzuzo zenketho ngayinye.

Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko ongakhetha kuzo: ukulethwa ngaphandle kwemithi noma ngokwemvelo, noma ukusebenzisa imithi yobuhlungu. Awukwazi ukwenza ukuhlinzwa ngaphandle kwemithi.

Izinketho zokunciphisa ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokubeletha zifaka:

• Ama-analgesics: Lawa anciphisa ubuhlungu, kodwa awaqedi ngokuphelele imizwa noma ukunyakaza kwemisipha. Enye yemithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu evame ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokubeletha i-epidural. Ungathola i-epidural yokubeletha ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane noma ngokuhlinzwa.
• Izinzwa:Le mithi (`Anesthesia`) ivimba izimpawu eziya ebuchosheni bakho, ikuvimbele ukuthi ungezwa ubuhlungu. Inikezwa njengomjovo noma ngomugqa we-``IV - intravenous``. Ngokuhlinzwa, unganikezwa i-``General anesthesia``, ekwenza ulale ngokuphelele. Enye indlela i-``Local anesthesia``. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umuthi ufakwa endaweni ethile yomzimba wakho, isibonelo, isitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye nemizwa ezungezile.

Esinye isici esingathinta isinqumo sokuthi iyiphi indlela ebuhlungu kakhulu yisikhathi sokululama. Ngokuvamile, kulula ukululama ekuzalweni kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kunokusikwa ngokuhlinzwa.

Khumbula, ulwazi lwakho ngokubeletha luhlukile kuwe. Kungumqondo omuhle ukuqaphela izindlela ezahlukene zokubeletha kanye namagama asetshenziswayo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwakho. Udokotela wakho uzoncoma indlela yokubeletha ephephile kuwe ngokusekelwe emlandweni wakho wezokwelapha kanye nesigaba sokukhulelwa kwakho.

Okokugcina, izinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzikhumbule

Ukuba nomntwana kuyinto enkulu empilweni. Futhi kungaba yinto eyesabekayo kancane. Kodwa ukuqaphela lezi zinto kungakunika ukuzethemba okukhulu.

• Ukuzalwa ngakunye kuhlukile: ungacabangi ukuthi okwenzeke kumngane wakho kuzokwenzeka kuwe.
• Themba udokotela wakho: Khuluma naye nganoma yiziphi izinkinga noma ukwesaba onakho.
• Yiba nohlelo, kodwa vumelana nezimo: Izinto zingase zingahambi ngendlela ofuna ngayo. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuphepha kwakho nokwengane yakho.
• Khuluma ngokuphathwa kobuhlungu kusenesikhathi: Thola ukuthi yiziphi izinketho onazo nokuthi yiziphi izinzuzo nezinkinga zazo.

Ngikufisela wena nomndeni wakho konke okuhle kulolu hambo olukhethekile! Kwangathi ningajabula ngomntwana onempilo!

Ukubeletha , ukuba nomntwana, ukuhlinzwa, ukubeletha okuvamile, ubuhlungu bokubeletha, ukukhulelwa, izindlela zokubeletha