Ingabe udokotela wakho ukutshelile ukuthi uthathe umuthi obizwa ngokuthi 'i-Phosphate Binders'? Noma uke waqaphela ukuthi amazinga akho e-phosphate egazini aphezulu? Leli gama lingase lizwakale lingavamile kuwe. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Lo umuthi ovame ukunqunyelwa abantu abanesifo sezinso. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngawo ngendlela elula kakhulu ongayiqonda.
Kalula nje, ziyini lezi zihlanganisi ze-phosphate?
Kulula kakhulu. Ama-phosphate binders uhlobo lomuthi onikezwa ukwehlisa izinga le-phosphate emzimbeni wakho. I-phosphate iyiminerali edingwa ngumzimba wethu. Kodwa njenganoma yini, eningi kakhulu ingabangela izinkinga. Yilapho udokotela ezokubhalela khona lo muthi.
Nakuba eminye yale mithi ingathengwa ngaphandle kwekhawuntara, akufanele uyisebenzise ngaphandle kokukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu.
Kungani umzimba wethu udinga i-phosphate?
I-phosphate iyi-electrolyte emizimbeni yethu. Kalula nje, iyiminerali ebalulekile ukuze imizimba yethu isebenze. Cabanga ngakho, i-phosphate iyasiza ekwenzeni amathambo namazinyo ethu aqine. Akukhona lokho kuphela, kodwa i-phosphate nayo ibalulekile ekukhiqizweni kwamandla kwamangqamuzana emizimba yethu, ekwakhekeni kwama-membrane eseli, kanye nasekwakheni i-DNA (i-Deoxyribonucleic acid), equkethe ulwazi lwethu lwezakhi zofuzo.
Sithola le phosphate ekudleni esikudlayo nesikuphuzayo. Umzimba womuntu ophilile uthatha kuphela inani elidingekayo, bese kuthi okusele kukhishwe emchameni nasendle. Kodwa ngesizathu esithile, ikakhulukazi lapho izinso zingasebenzi kahle, umzimba awukwazi ukukhipha i-phosphate eyengeziwe ngale ndlela. Yilapho i-phosphate inqwabelana egazini futhi ibangele izinkinga.
Ubani odinga lesi sibophezeli se-phosphate?
Ngokuvamile, udokotela uzokunikeza lo muthi uma izinga le-phosphate egazini lakho liphezulu kakhulu kunejwayelekile. Lesi simo saziwa ngokwezokwelapha ngokuthi i-hyperphosphatemia .
Lesi simo sivame ukwenzeka kubantu abanesifo sezinso esingamahlalakhona (CKD) kanye nalabo abanenkinga yezinso ephelele futhi abahlinzwa nge-dialysis.
Kungani lo muthi unikezwa iziguli ezihlikihla i-dialysis?
Kujwayelekile ukuthi i-phosphate iqoqeke egazini njengoba izinso zihluleka ukusebenza. Lapho amazinga e-phosphate enyuka, iqala ukudonsa i-calcium emathanjeni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kwenza amathambo abe buthaka futhi kwandisa ingozi yokuqhekeka. Iziguli ezihlinzwa nge-dialysis zinikezwa ama-phosphate binders ukuze kuvinjelwe izifo ezihlobene namathambo.
Liyini izinga elifanele le-phosphate egazini?
Izinga elijwayelekile le-phosphate egazini lomuntu omdala onempilo liphakathi kwama -milligram angu-2.8 no-4.5 nge-deciliter (mg/dL) . Ezinganeni ezincane, leli nani liphakeme kancane, liphakathi kuka -4.0 no-7.0 mg/dL .
Kodwa khumbula ukuthi la manani angahluka kancane kuye ngemishini nezindlela ezisetshenziswa elabhorethri ngayinye. Ngakho-ke, kungcono ukucela udokotela wakho incazelo engcono kakhulu yenani elisembikweni wakho.
Yikuphi ukudla neziphuzo okuphezulu kakhulu ku-phosphate?
Uma unesifo sezinso, kudingeka uqaphele kakhulu ngalokho okudlayo nokuphuzayo, ngoba njengokuthatha imithi, ukulawula ukudla nakho kubaluleke kakhulu.
| Uhlobo lokudla | Izibonelo |
|---|---|
| Ubisi nokudla kobisi | Ubisi, iyogathi, ushizi (ikakhulukazi ushizi ocutshunguliwe) |
| Iziphuzo ezithile | Iziphuzo ezine-carbon ezifana ne-cola (i-Soda pop) |
| Ukudla okusheshayo nokulungisiwe | Ukudla okusheshayo, inyama ecutshunguliwe (amasoseji, ama-meatball), izinhlanzi ezisemathinini |
| Amantongomane nama-flakes | Amantongomane, ama-cashew, ubhontshisi, ama-chickpeas, ama-lentile |
| Okusanhlamvu okune-bran | Isinkwa se-bran, i-oats, irayisi le-bran (irayisi elibomvu) |
Lo muthi obizwa ngokuthi i-phosphate binder usebenza kanjani?
Indlela lokhu okusebenza ngayo iyamangalisa. Uma sidla ukudla, i-phosphate ekulokho kudla imuncwa emizimbeni yethu ngengxenye ephakathi yamathumbu amancane, esiyibiza ngokuthi i-jejunum .
Uma uthatha lesi sithako se-phosphate kanye nokudla, umuthi ungena esiswini sakho bese "ubopha" ne-phosphate eyengeziwe ekudleni kwakho. Kufana nozibuthe. Uma unamathela, awukwazi ukumuncwa egazini lakho. Ngemuva kwalokho, i-phosphate eyengeziwe ikhishwa emzimbeni wakho esitulweni sakho. Kulula kakhulu, akunjalo?
Izinhlobo ze-phosphate binders nokuthi ungazithola kanjani?
Kunezinhlobo eziningana ze-phosphate binders. Kuye ngesimo sakho, udokotela wakho uzokhetha uhlobo olukufanele kakhulu.
- I-calcium carbonate - (isib. i-Tums®, i-Alka-Seltzer®)
- I-Sevelamer - (isb. Renvela®, Renagel®)
- I-Lanthanum carbonate - (isib. i-Fosrenol®)
- I-calcium acetate - (isib. i-PhosLo®, i-Phoslyra®)
- I-oxyhydroxide ye-Sucroferric - (isib. i-Velphoro®)
Yiluphi uhlobo olungcono kakhulu?
Izithako eziqukethe i-calcium (njenge-calcium carbonate) zivame ukunikezwa. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izifundo zithole ukuthi uma lezi zithako eziqukethe i-calcium zithathwa isikhathi eside, i-calcium eyengeziwe inganqwabelana emithanjeni yegazi. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-vascular calcification . Lokhu kungandisa ingozi yokuqhekeka kwegazi noma isifo sohlangothi. Ngenxa yalesi sizathu, udokotela wakho ngezinye izikhathi angancoma isithako esingenayo i-calcium (njenge-Sevelamer).
Ngingawuthatha kanjani lo muthi?
Lokhu kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Ukuze lo muthi usebenze kahle, isikhathi osithathayo sibaluleke kakhulu. Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo.
- Tshela udokotela wakho nganoma yimiphi eminye imithi oyithathayo (kufaka phakathi amavithamini kanye nemithi yamakhambi), njengoba eminye imithi ingase ihlangane nalena.
- Kuye ngohlobo lomuthi, indlela okufanele uthathwe ngayo ingahluka:
- Ezinye zazo zidinga ukuhlafunwa nokugwinywa imizuzu eyi-10-15 ngaphambi kokudla .
- Ezinye zazo zidinga ukuhlafunwa nokugwinywa ngokushesha nje lapho uqala ukudla .
- Ezinye zazo zidinga ukugwinywa ziphelele , kanye nezindebe ezimbili noma ezintathu zokuqala zokudla .
- Ezinye ziza ziyimpuphu. Kufanele zincibilikiswe emanzini bese zithathwa kanye nezindebe zokuqala ezimbili noma ezintathu zokudla .
- Ezinye zazo kufanele zihlafunwe futhi zigwinywe ngokushesha ngemva kokudla .
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi lo muthi kufanele uthathwe kanye nokudla. Yilapho-ke uzomunca i-phosphate ekudleni. Ukuthatha lo muthi ngaphandle kokudla ngeke kusize ngalutho.
Ingabe ikhona imiphumela emibi kulo muthi?
Njenganoma yimuphi umuthi, lolu hlobo lomuthi lungabangela imiphumela emibi emincane. Kodwa-ke, akuwona wonke umuntu oyitholayo.
| Imiphumela emibi evamile |
|---|
| - Ubuhlungu besisu |
| - Isicanucanu nokuhlanza |
| - Izinkinga zokuqunjelwa/zokugaya ukudla |
| - Uhudo noma ukuqunjelwa |
| - Ukuqunjelwa |
| - Ukushintsha kombala wesihlalo |
| - Ezinye izinhlobo (eziqukethe i-calcium) zingase zikhuphule amazinga e-calcium egazini. |
Uma lezi zimpawu zikukhathaza, khuluma nodokotela wakho. Ungase ukwazi ukushintsha imithi.
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi kakhulu, qiniseka ukuthi utshela udokotela wakho. Futhi, ngezinye izikhathi ukwanda kwe-phosphate egazini kungabangela ukwehla kwamazinga e-calcium emzimbeni. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-hypocalcemia . Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezilandelayo, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Ukuqhaqhazela kwemisipha
- Izinkinga zememori
- Intukuthelo engenasizathu
- Ukuba ndikindiki kwezindebe, ulimi, iminwe, noma izinyawo
- Ukuquleka
- Ukuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo (i-Arrhythmia)
Imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho
Uma uya kudokotela wakho olandelayo, khumbula le mibuzo. Ukuyibuza kungakusiza ukuthi uqonde kangcono isimo sakho.
- "Ungincoma uhlobo luni lwe-phosphate binder?"
- "Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engaba khona?"
- "Ngingawuthatha kanjani lo muthi? Ngaphambi noma ngemva kokudla?"
- "Kufanele ngiyithathe kangaki ngosuku?"
- "Mangaki amaphilisi okufanele ngiwaphuze ekudleni okuyinhloko? Mangaki amaphilisi okufanele ngiwaphuze njengokudla okulula?"
- "Ingabe ikhona eminye imithi okufanele ngiyeke ukuyisebenzisa ngenkathi ngithatha lo muthi?"
- "Kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani ngithathe lo muthi?"
- "Hlobo luni lokuhlolwa okwenziwayo ukuze kubonakale ukuthi lo muthi uyasebenza yini?"
- "Ingabe ngidinga ukubona isazi sokudla?"
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-phosphate binders yimithi esiza ukulawula amazinga e-phosphate egazini. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abanesifo sezinso.
- Ukuze lo muthi usebenze kahle, kumele uthathwe njengoba nje udokotela eshilo, ngesikhathi esifanele, kanye nokudla .
- Ungayeki ukuthatha lo muthi nganoma yisiphi isizathu ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
- Ngaphezu kokuthatha imithi, kubaluleke kakhulu nokulawula ukudla kwakho okune-phosphate eningi. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu.
- Uma uhlangabezana nemiphumela emibi kakhulu noma ubonisa izimpawu zokuntuleka kwe-calcium, xhumana nodokotela ngokushesha.
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