Kwenzekani njengoba umntwana esondela ekubelethweni? Ake sifunde ngqo ngezigaba zokubeletha!

Njengoba usondela ekubeni ngumama, unemibuzo eminingi. Kuvamile ukwesaba kancane nokulangazelela ukwazi ukuthi uzobhekana nani, ikakhulukazi uma unengane. Namuhla, ake sixoxe ngenqubo yokuba nomntwana, noma nje 'Izigaba Zokubeletha' njengoba odokotela bekubiza kanjalo. Ukwazi lokhu kuzokunikeza ukuthula kwengqondo okukhulu.

Ziyini Izigaba Zomsebenzi?

Kalula nje, ukubeletha kuyinqubo yonke yomntwana wakho, i-placenta, kanye nomntwana ophuma esibelethweni sakho futhi adlule esithweni sakho sangasese sowesifazane. Lokhu akwenzeki ngesikhathi esisodwa, kodwa kancane kancane, ngezigaba eziningana.

Ngokuvamile sihlukanisa lokhu ngezigaba ezintathu eziyinhloko:

1. Isigaba sokuqala: Ukuqala kwezinhlungu zokubeletha (ukusikwa)

2. Isigaba sesibili: Ukusunduza nokuzalwa komntwana

3. Isigaba sesithathu: Ukulethwa kwe-placenta

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela bakubiza lokhu ngokuthi "ukubeletha okuvamile." Kodwa khumbula, akuwona wonke umuntu onolwazi olufanayo . Ungase ungazitholi zonke lezi zigaba ngendlela efanayo. Isibonelo, ungase uqale ezinye izigaba kusenesikhathi, kodwa ugcine usuthole ukuhlinzwa kwe-C. Noma, uma ubuhlele ukuhlinzwa kwe-C, ungase ungatholi nhlobo isigaba sokuqala. Uma unesisu esibangelwa ukubeletha, ulwazi lwakho lungase luhluke. Ngakho-ke, ungaqhathanisi ulwazi lwakho nolwabanye .

Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba uma ungazi kahle ukuthi kuzokwenzekani ngento enkulu kangaka. Kodwa odokotela bakho nabahlengikazi bakho bonke bakhona ukukusiza. Nobabili nina nobabili ninomgomo ofanayo wokuba nomntwana onempilo .

Isigaba sokuqala: Ukuqala kokubeletha (Ukubeletha - Ukuncishiswa)

Lesi yisigaba sokuqala futhi esivame ukuba isikhathi eside kakhulu sokubeletha. Siqala lapho uqala ukuba nokusikwa okuvamile ngezikhathi ezivamile . Lesi sigaba siphela lapho umlomo wesibeletho sakho usuvulekile ngokuphelele futhi ususiwe.

Odokotela bavame ukukutshela ukuthi ulandelele ukuthi ubuhlungu bakho buqala nini. Isikhathi okudingeka usibheke yisikhathi kusukela ekuqaleni kobuhlungu obunye kuya ekuqaleni kobuhlungu obulandelayo. Lokhu kulula ukukulinganisa ngemizuzwana.

Ukufinyela okuvamile ukufinyela okuhambisana nezikhawu ezivamile, cishe njalo ngemizuzu emithathu kuya kwemihlanu. Akufani nokufinyela kukaBraxton Hicks, okungafiki konke ngesikhathi esisodwa. Abanye abantu bangaba nalokhu kufinyela ngokwabo, noma kungabangelwa esibhedlela ngokungeniswa kwezokwelapha.

Lesi sigaba sokuqala singahlala noma kuphi kusukela emahoreni ayi-12 kuya kwangu-19. Kodwa-ke, uma uke waba nomntwana ngaphambili, lesi sikhathi cishe sizoba sifushane kakhulu.

Lesi sigaba sokuqala sinezingxenye ezimbili futhi:

• Ukubeletha kwasekuqaleni: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umlomo wesibeletho sakho uvuleka cishe ngamasentimitha ayi-6. Lokhu kuvame ukuthatha amahora ayi-6 kuya kwayi-12.
• Ukubeletha Okusebenzayo: Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umlomo wesibeletho uvulekile ngokuphelele, ube ngamasentimitha ayi-10. Kuleli qophelo, ungase uzizwe unesifiso sokusunduza umntwana. Lokhu kuvame ukuthatha amahora angaba ngu-4 kuya kwangu-8.

Odokotela bavame ukuthi ungahlala ekhaya ngesikhathi sokubeletha kokuqala. Kodwa kudingeka ulungele ukuya esibhedlela lapho uzobeletha khona umntwana wakho. Uma ukubeletha okusebenzayo kuqala, kungcono kakhulu ukuhlala esibhedlela.

Ungaphatha kanjani ubuhlungu esigabeni sokuqala?

Lesi sigaba sokuqala singase sibe nzima kancane ukusibekezelela. Zama lezi zinto phakathi nalesi sikhathi:

• Yelula kancane kancane.
• Zindla.
• Ungahlali endaweni efanayo, hambahamba, shintsha ukuma kwakho.
• Prakthiza ukuphefumula okujulile.
• Geza noma ugeze ngamanzi afudumele (hhayi ashisayo).
• Ungasebenzisa ibhola lokubeletha ukusiza ngokubeletha.
• Hamba ngezinyawo.

Kubaluleke kakhulu futhi ukuba nomuntu ozokusiza ngalesi sikhathi, "umuntu osekela abasebenzi". Lokhu kungaba umyeni wakho, ilungu lomndeni, umngane, noma "i-doula".

Uma ubuhlungu bungabekezeleleki, khuluma nethimba lakho lezokwelapha ngezinketho zokusiza ubuhlungu.

Ungakwazi yini ukulala ngesikhathi sokubeletha kokuqala?

Wonke umuntu ubekezelela ubuhlungu nokungakhululeki ngendlela ehlukile. Ngokuvamile, kungcono ukulala nokuphumula ngesikhathi sobuhlungu bokuqala uma ukwazi. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukulala phakathi nobuhlungu.

Isigaba sesibili: Ukusunduza nokuzalwa

Lesi sigaba siqala lapho umlomo wesibeletho sakho usuvuleke ngokuphelele (amasentimitha ayi-10). Siphela lapho ingane yakho izalwa . Lokhu kungathatha noma yikuphi kusukela kusigamu sehora kuya emahoreni amaningana.

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyamcindezela noma cha, ingane izohamba kancane kancane esithweni sangasese sowesifazane. Nakhu okwenzekayo phakathi nalesi sigaba sesibili:

• Ukufinyela kwenzeka njalo ngemizuzu emibili kuya kwemihlanu. Ukufinyela ngakunye kungahlala phakathi kwemizuzwana engama-60 kuya kwengama-90.
• Kufanele ucindezele lapho ubuhlungu bufika. Ungaphumula lapho ubuhlungu sebuphelile. Udokotela wakho uzokutshela ukuthi ucindezele nini.
• Ikhanda lomntwana liqala ukuvela (imiqhele yomntwana).
• Udokotela usiza ngokucophelela ukukhipha umntwana esithweni sangasese sowesifazane.
• Lapho nje umntwana ezalwa, udokotela usika intambo yesisu.

Ngezinye izikhathi, esikhundleni sokubeletha ngesitho sangasese sowesifazane, umntwana angabelethwa ngokuhlinzwa (C-section), kungaba okuhleliwe noma okuphuthumayo.

Isigaba sesithathu: Ukulethwa kwe-Placenta

Lesi sigaba siqala lapho umntwana wakho ezalwa. Siphela lapho i-placenta izalwa. Lesi yisigaba esifushane kakhulu sokubeletha . Ngokuvamile asithathi imizuzu engaphezu kwengu-30.

Yilokhu okwenzekayo kulesi sigaba sesithathu:

• Phakathi kwemizuzu emi-5 kuya kwengama-30 ngemva kokuzalwa komntwana, ukufinyela kokuqala kuyabuya. Lokhu kufinyela kusiza i-placenta ukuthi ihlukane nesibeletho.
• Kungase kudingeke ukuthi ucindezele kancane. Noma udokotela angase acindezele isisu sakho ukuze asize i-placenta iphume.
• Ukopha okukhulu kwesitho sangasese sowesifazane kungase kwenzeke isikhathi esifushane, kungaba lapho i-placenta iphuma noma ngemva kokuba ifikile.
• Abanye abantu bangase bazizwe bebanda noma benomkhuhlane. Uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho nakanjani.

Uma une-cesarean section (C-section), udokotela uzosusa i-placenta ngokushesha nje lapho umntwana ekhishwa esibelethweni.

Udokotela uzohlola nakanjani ukuthi i-placenta iphumile ngokuphelele yini. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi imikhiqizo egciniwe yokukhulelwa ingabangela izinkinga eziningi uma izingxenye ze-placenta zihlala esibelethweni. Uma uke wahlinzwa i-episiotomy (ukusikeka okuncane esithweni sangasese sowesifazane) noma uma udabukile esithweni sangasese sowesifazane, udokotela uzosithunga ngemva kokuba i-placenta iphumile.

Ukubeletha kuqala kanjani? (Yini ebangela ukubeletha?)

Ososayensi abakakazi kahle ukuthi ukubeletha kuqala kanjani ngempela, kodwa bacabanga ukuthi kuwumphumela wochungechunge lwezinguquko zamakhemikhali esibelethweni nasesibelethweni. Umzimba wakho kanye nomntwana wakho banegalelo kulezi zinguquko.

Umlomo wesibeletho, oqinile futhi uvaliwe ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kufanele ube mncane futhi uvuleke ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Isibeletho kufanele siqale ukufinyela.

Ochwepheshe bakholelwa ukuthi lapho ingane yakho isilungele ukuzalwa, umzimba wakho ukhipha into encane evuselela ama-hormone akho bese iqala inqubo yokubeletha. Kwabaningi, lokhu kwenzeka ngokwemvelo phakathi kwamasonto angu-37 no-42. Kwezinye izimo, udokotela uzobangela ukubeletha ngokwenziwa.

Izinto ezimbili eziyinhloko zithinta ukuqala nokuqhubeka kokubeletha:

• Ama-Prostaglandin: Lezi zinto ezifana nama-hormone ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-prostaglandin zikhiqizwa amaseli esibelethweni. Lokhu kusiza umlomo wesibeletho ukuthi uvuleke futhi isibeletho sifinyele.
• I-Oxytocin: Uma ingane yakho isunduza umlomo wesibeletho sakho, i-pituitary gland yakho ikhipha i-hormone ebizwa ngokuthi i-oxytocin. Le oxytocin iya esibelethweni sakho futhi ibangele ukufinyela.

Ngaphambi kokuqala kokubeletha, ungase ubhekane nezimpawu eziningana, njenge:

• Ubuhlungu bomhlane
• Umbukiso wegazi - ukulahlekelwa yi-mucus plug yakho
• Uhudo
• Intshisekelo yokuhlanza indlu nokuhlela izinto (Ukwakha izidleke)

Ziyini izimpawu zokubeletha kwasekuqaleni?

Ngezinye izikhathi kungaba nzima ukwazi ngokuqinisekile ukuthi ngabe uyasibeletha ngempela. Uma lokhu kungokokuqala ngqa, kulula ukuphambanisa ezinye izimpawu, njengokusibeletha okungamanga okungajwayelekile (ukusibeletha kukaBraxton Hicks), njengezinhlungu zangempela zokubeletha. Izinhlungu zangempela zokubeletha zinephethini, futhi ziyanda kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Uma empeleni ubeletha, qaphela lezi zinto ezintathu:

• Imvamisa: Uba nokusikwa kangaki? Landelela lokhu encwadini noma kuhlelo lokusebenza lokubeletha efonini yakho. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuthi ulandelele ukuthi kuza ngezikhathi ezithile yini.
• Ubude: Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukujiya ngakunye? Njengoba ukubeletha kuqhubeka, ubude bokujiya ngakunye buzokhula. Sebenzisa iwashi elimiswayo, iwashi elijwayelekile, noma isibali sikhathi efonini yakho ukuze urekhode ukuthi ukujiya ngakunye kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani.
• Ukuqina: Ingabe ukuminyana kuba namandla kakhulu? Uzozwa ubuhlungu buqina kakhulu njengoba uqhubeka nezigaba zokubeletha. Naka indlela ubuhlungu obuzwakala ngayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Kuyini ukubeletha okungajwayelekile?

Ukuze kuvikelwe impilo yakho nomntwana wakho, odokotela balandela iziqondiso ezichaza ukuthi yini ebangela ukubeletha okungajwayelekile. Benza lokhu ukuze bazi ukuthi kufanele bangenelele nini, futhi bazame ukuvimbela izinkinga. Ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe noma yikuphi ukungenelela kwezokwelapha, ithimba lakho lezokwelapha lizochaza ukukhathazeka kwabo kanye nezinketho ezitholakalayo kuwe.

Isigaba sokuqala esingavamile

Odokotela bacabanga ukuthi ukubeletha kusenesikhathi kufanele kuthathe isikhathi eside:

• Uma uthola umntwana okokuqala, kuzothatha amahora angaphezu kwangu-20.
• Uma uke waba nomntwana ngaphambili, uma kwathatha amahora angaphezu kwe-14.

Ukusebenza okusebenzayo kubhekwa njengokuthatha isikhathi eside uma:

• Ulwelwesi lwakho luqhumile (noma "ukuphuka kwamanzi") uma umlomo wesibeletho sakho ungakavulwa ngaphezu kwamasentimitha angu-6 naphezu kokubeletha amahora amane.
• Uma umlomo wesibeletho ungakavulwa udlule amasentimitha angu-6 ngemva kokuba isikhwama samanzi siphuke, kunikezwe i-oxytocin (Pitocin®), futhi ukubeletha kuhlale amahora ayisithupha.

Isigaba sesibili esingavamile

Odokotela babheka isigaba sesibili sokubeletha njengesesikhathi eside uma:

• Uma uthola umntwana okokuqala, umpompi womgogodla uzohlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora amathathu ngaphandle kwe-epidural, noma isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora amane nge-epidural.
• Uma uke waba nomntwana ngaphambilini, uma ehlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora amabili ngaphandle kwe-epidural, noma isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora amathathu nge-epidural.

Isigaba sesithathu esingavamile

Uma i-placenta isesesibelethweni ngemva kwemizuzu engama-30 umntwana ezelwe, odokotela babheka isigaba sesithathu njengesingavamile.

Kufanele ngiye nini esibhedlela?

Kungcono ukuhlala esikhungweni sokubeletha, okungukuthi, esibhedlela, ngesikhathi sokubeletha okusebenzayo. Lena yingxenye yesibili yesigaba sokuqala.

Uma unezinsini njalo ngemizuzu emihlanu okungenani ihora, shayela udokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokubeletha esibhedlela. Uma amanzi ephuka, shayela udokotela wakho noma isikhungo sokubeletha esibhedlela, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uzwa ubuhlungu noma cha. Ngisho noma usesigabeni sokuqala sokubeletha, uma ucabanga ukuthi unezinsini zeBraxton Hicks, yazisa ithimba lakho lezempilo ukuthi kwenzekani.

Uma kwenzeka into efana nale, thola usizo ngokushesha:

• Ubuhlungu besifuba
• Ukuzizwa unesizungu noma ukuphelelwa amandla (i-syncope)
• Isicanucanu esikhulu nokuhlanza
• Ukuphelelwa umoya (i-dyspnea)
• Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze, izingalo noma ubuso (Ukuvuvukala - ukuvuvukala)
• Ukopha okukhulu
• Ukwehla okukhulu kokunyakaza kwengane

Kwenzekani uma uya esibhedlela?

Uma ufika esibhedlela, kuzodingeka ubhalise edeskini lokubeletha kanye nokubeletha. Cishe uzoyiswa ekamelweni lokuhlola kuqala. Lokhu kuyingxenye yenqubo yokwamukelwa. Izibhedlela zivame ukucela ukuthi ulethe umuntu oyedwa kuphela egumbini lokuhlola.

Ngemva kwegumbi lokuhlola, uzoyiswa ekamelweni le-LDR (Igumbi Lokubeletha, Lokulethwa, kanye Nokululama):

• Kuzodingeka ugqoke ingubo yasesibhedlela.
• Udokotela uzohlola ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho, umfutho wegazi, kanye nomkhuhlane.
• Isikrini sangaphandle sengane sibekwe eduze kwesisu sakho ukuze siqaphe ukufinyela kwesibeletho kanye nokushaya kwenhliziyo kwengane.
• Udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komlomo wesibeletho ukuze abone ukuthi isikhathi sakho sokubeletha singakanani.
• Ungase ufake i-IV line emthanjeni engalweni yakho ukuze ikunike uketshezi kanye nomuthi.

Kuzodingeka ngihlale isikhathi esingakanani esibhedlela?

Ubude besikhathi ohlala ngaso esibhedlela buxhomeke esibhedlela kanye nendlela obelethe ngayo umntwana wakho. Ngokuvamile, uma ube nokuhlinzwa kwesisu (ukuhlinzwa kwesisu), kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela isikhathi eside, ngoba kuyinqubo yokuhlinzwa. Futhi, uma unezinkinga noma izinkinga zempilo ngesikhathi sokubeletha, kungase kudingeke uhlale esibhedlela isikhathi eside.

Ingabe kukhona isigaba sesine sokubeletha?

Abanye ochwepheshe babheka amahora amabili kuya kwamathathu okuqala ngemva kokubeletha kwe-placenta njengesigaba sesine sokubeletha. Yilapho uqala khona ukusondelana nosana lwakho olusanda kuzalwa. Isibeletho sakho siyaphumula phakathi nalesi sikhathi, futhi odokotela bazokuqapha ukuthi akukho yini ukopha okungavamile.

Kuvame ukuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukubeletha?

Ukuzalwa kokuqala okujwayelekile kuthatha amahora angu-12 kuya kwangu-24. Ukuzalwa okulandelayo kuvame ukuhlala isikhathi esingaphansi (phakathi kwamahora angu-8 kuya kwangu-10). Isigaba sokuqala sokubeletha ngokuvamile yisona eside kunazo zonke.

Kuvamile ukuzizwa unemizwa eyahlukahlukene njengoba ulungiselela ukubeletha. Kungokwemvelo ukuzizwa ujabule futhi wesaba kancane. Ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngalezi zimpawu kuzokunikeza umbono ongcono walokho ongakulindela. Umlingani wakho kanye nethimba lezokwelapha bakhona ukukusekela. Bazokusiza ukuthi ubhekane nalesi sibeletho ngokukhululeka nangokuzethemba ngangokunokwenzeka.

Okokugcina, izinto okufanele uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ukuba nomntwana kuyinto enkulu empilweni. Ukuqaphela lokhu kusenesikhathi kuzokunika amandla amakhulu okubhekana naleso sikhathi.

• Kunezigaba ezintathu zokubeletha: ukuqala kokubeletha, ukuzalwa komntwana, kanye nokukhishwa kwe-placenta.
• Okuhlangenwe nakho kwawo wonke umuntu kuhlukile: Ungaqhathanisi okuhlangenwe nakho kwakho nabanye.
• Kunezindlela zokuphatha ubuhlungu: ukuvivinya umzimba ngokuphefumula, ukushintsha izikhundla, njll. kungasiza. Uma ubuhlungu bungabekezeleleki, funa iseluleko sikadokotela.
• Yazi kahle ukuthi kufanele uye nini esibhedlela: Shayela udokotela uma ubuhlungu bufika ngezikhathi ezithile, lapho isikhwama samanzi siphuka.
• Awuwedwa: ithimba lakho lezokwelapha, umndeni, kanye nomlingani wakho bonke bakhona ukukusiza.

Sithemba ukuthi lolu lwazi luzokusiza. Sikufisela umntwana onempilo!

Ukubeletha , ukubeletha, ukukhulelwa, ubuhlungu, ukuba nomntwana, izigaba zokubeletha, i-placenta