Sonke siyaphefumula njalo. Kodwa wake wazibuza ukuthi lo moya ungena kanjani emzimbeni, nokuthi unjani lowo mzila? Njengoba nje imoto inomgwaqo, kunendlela ekhethekile yokuphefumula esiyithathayo ukuze sifinyelele emaphashini ethu. Namuhla sikhuluma ngale 'ndlela yokuphefumula', noma ngokwezokwelapha, imigudu yomoya, ebalulekile futhi ebaluleke kakhulu empilweni yethu.
Kalula nje, ziyini lezi zindlela zomoya?
Izindlela zomoya ziyiziteshi, noma amapayipi, avumela umoya ukuthi ungene futhi uphume emaphashini akho. Lena yingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu yesistimu yethu yokuphefumula. Cabanga ngayo njengendawo yokugijima lapho indiza isuka khona futhi ihlale khona. Izindlela zomoya ziyindlela esithatha ngayo umoya-mpilo emoyeni esiwuphefumulayo futhi sisuse i-carbon dioxide (CO2) .
Lolu hlelo lokuphefumula lungahlukaniswa izingxenye ezimbili eziyinhloko.
- Imigudu yomoya ephezulu: Lezi zitholakala eduze kobuso bakho, ikhanda, nentamo. Zihlanganisa ikhala, izikhala zamakhala, ama-sinuses, i-pharynx, kanye ne-larynx. Yilapho umoya ovela ngaphandle ungena khona emzimbeni.
- Izindlela zokuphefumula ezingezansi: Lezi zitholakala entanyeni nasesifubeni sakho. Zihlanganisa i-trachea, i-bronchi, kanye ne-bronchioles. Lena yingxenye ethwala umoya ngqo emaphashini akho.
Ingabe lokhu kwenza okungaphezu nje kokuhambisa umoya?
Yebo, impela! Nakuba umsebenzi oyinhloko womgudu wokuphefumula ukusebenza njengendlela yokungena komoya, lolu hlelo lwenza okungaphezu kwalokho. Lusebenza njengesivikelo somzimba wethu.
| Umsebenzi womgudu wokuphefumula | Yindlela okwenzeka ngayo. |
|---|---|
| Ilawula izinga lokushisa kanye nomswakama | Ngisho nomoya obandayo esiwuphefumulayo uvela ngaphandle uyafudunyezwa ukuze uvumelane nokushisa komzimba wethu futhi wengezwe nomswakama odingekayo ngaphambi kokuba uthunyelwe emaphashini ethu. |
| Kususa ukungcola kanye nokungcola | Izindonga zomgudu wokuphefumula zinezakhiwo ezincane ezifana nezinwele ezibizwa ngokuthi i-cilia. Lezi zibamba amagciwane angenayo kanye nothuli oluse-mucus bese ziwusunduzela phezulu, njengebhande lokuhambisa efektri. Bese kuthi, lapho sikhwehlela noma sithimula, ukungcola kuyaphuma kanye nalo mucus. |
| Kusiza ngenkulumo kanye nephunga | Uma sikhuluma, umsindo ukhiqizwa ukudlidliza kwezintambo zezwi njengoba umoya udlula phezu kwazo. Ngokufanayo, uma siphefumula, izinhlayiya zephunga emoyeni zithumela imiyalezo ebuchosheni nge-olfactory nerve esekhaleni, okusenza sinuke. |
Izifo ezivamile ezithinta indlela yokuphefumula
Indlela yethu yokuphefumula ingathinteka yizimo zezokwelapha ezahlukahlukene. Lezi zingahlukaniswa kakhulu ngezigaba ezintathu.
1. Izimo zezokwelapha ezingamahlalakhona
Lokhu kungabangelwa izimbangela zofuzo, ukulimala kwendlela yokuphefumula, noma ukukhubazeka kokuzalwa.
- Isifuba somoya
- I-Bronchiectasis
- Isifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona (i-COPD)
- I-cystic fibrosis
2. Ukuvuvukala kwemigudu yomoya
Izifo ezahlukahlukene (njenge-flu kanye ne-COVID-19) kanye nokungezwani komzimba kungabangela ukuvuvukala emigwaqweni yomoya. Izimpawu ziyahlukahluka kuye ngokuthi ukuvuvukala kwenzeka kuphi.
- I-Bronchitis - Ukuvuvukala kwamapayipi e-bronchial.
- I-Bronchiolitis - Ukuvuvukala kwamapayipi e-bronchial.
- I-Sinusitis - Ukuvuvukala kwe-sinus cavities.
3. Ukuvinjelwa komoya (Ukuvinjwa)
Into yangaphandle, izicubu zomzimba, noma enye imbangela ingavimba indlela yokuphefumula, okubangela ubunzima bokuphefumula.
- Ukuminyana: Ingane encane igwinya into efana nethoyizi noma uphizi.
- Ukukhula okuhle.
- Izimila ezinomdlavuza.
- Ukuncipha kwendlela yokuphefumula (i-Stenosis).
- I-Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA): Ukuvimba komoya ngenxa yokucinana kwezicubu zomphimbo ngesikhathi sokulala.
Yiziphi izimpawu ezivamile zalezi zifo?
Uma kunenkinga ngomgudu wakho wokuphefumula, kungase kube nezimpawu ezilandelayo.
- Impumulo egobhozayo noma impumulo evalekile.
- Ukuzwa imisindo engavamile lapho uphefumula, njengokuphefumula noma i-stridor .
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula, ukushoda kokuphefumula (ukuphelelwa umoya).
- Ukulala ngokweqile emini (ikakhulukazi uma une-OSA).
Uma uqhubeka nokuba nezimpawu ezinjengalezi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona udokotela wakho ngokushesha bese ucela iseluleko ngaphandle kokuzishaya indiva.
Ukuhlolwa kokuhlola izinkinga zokuphefumula
Kuye ngezimpawu zakho, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene ukuhlola impilo yomgudu wakho wokuphefumula.
- Ukuhlolwa okusebenzisa ikhamera ukubheka ngaphakathi: Ukuhlolwa okufana ne-nasal endoscopy, ebheka ngaphakathi kwekhala, kanye ne-bronchoscopy, ebheka emigudwini yomoya eholela emaphashini.
- Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza kwamaphaphu: Ukuhlolwa okulinganisa ikhono lakho lokuphefumula nokungena.
- I-pulse oximetry: Idivayisi elinganisa izinga lomoya-mpilo egazini lakho, efana ne-clip encane elingana nomunwe wakho.
- Ama-X-ray esifubeni kanye nama-CT scan: Lokhu kusiza ekuxilongeni izifo ngokuthola izithombe ezicacile zemigudu yomoya namaphaphu.
- Izifundo zokulala: Lezi zisetshenziselwa ukuxilonga ukuhona kanye ne-sleep apnea.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha umgudu wokuphefumula?
Ukwelashwa kuncike esimweni sakho sezokwelapha.
Izinhlobo zemithi
- Imithi enciphisa ukuvuvukala futhi ivule imigudu yokuphefumula: Lokhu kungaba ama-corticosteroids noma ama-bronchodilators asetshenziswa njenge-inhaler.
- Ukwelashwa kwezifo: Imithi efana nama-antibiotics okutheleleka ngamagciwane kanye nemithi yokulwa namagciwane yamagciwane.
- Imithi yokungezwani komzimba: Imithi efana nama-antihistamine.
Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha
- Ukuhlinzwa: Uma kukhona ukuvinjelwa noma isimila, ukuhlinzwa kungenziwa ukuze kususwe.
- Ukufakwa kwepayipi: Uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka kokuphefumula, kufakwa ipayipi ngomlomo noma ekhaleni ukuze kugcinwe indlela yokuphefumula ivulekile futhi kuhlinzekwe umoya ohlanzekile ngomshini.
- I-Tracheostomy: Inqubo lapho kwenziwa khona imbobo ngaphambili kwentamo ukuze kuvunyelwe ukuphefumula ngombhobho womoya. Lokhu kungaba okwesikhashana noma okuhlala njalo.
- Umshini we-CPAP: Lo mshini usiza abantu abane-obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) ngokupompa umoya ngemaski egqokwa phezu kwekhala ngenkathi belele, ugcine indlela yokuphefumula ivulekile.
Izinto esingazenza ukuze sigcine umgudu wethu wokuphefumula uphilile
Lezi zinto ezilula zizosiza kakhulu ekugcineni indlela yakho yokuphefumula iphilile futhi inamandla.
- Gwema ukubhema nokuvamisa ngokuphelele. Ukubhema kuyimbangela enkulu yezinkinga zokuphefumula. Ukuvamisa kuqukethe namakhemikhali ayingozi.
- Gwema ukungcola. Gwema ukuphefumula izinto ezifana nomusi wemoto, amakhemikhali, kanye nentuthu ephuma emotweni. Gqoka imaski uma usebenza ezindaweni ezinothuli nezinomusi.
- Phuza amanzi amaningi. Ukuphuza amanzi anele kusiza ekunciphiseni ukujiya kwe-mucus futhi kwenza kube lula ukuyikhipha.
- Zivikele ezifweni. Geza izandla zakho njalo. Thola imijovo edingekayo njengoba kunconywe udokotela wakho. Lokhu kungakusiza ekuvikeleni ezifweni ezithinta umgudu wokuphefumula.
- Qaphela ukuzivocavoca. Uma unezinkinga zokuphefumula, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuzivocavoca kokuphefumula okufanele.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Izindlela zakho zomoya aziyona nje ipayipi lapho umoya udlula khona, ziyisimiso esimangalisayo esikuvikela ezifweni, esikusiza ukuthi ukhulume, futhi esikusiza ukuthi unuke.
- Uma wenza umsindo ongajwayelekile lapho uphefumula, ukhwehlela, noma unekhala elihlala livalekile, ungacabangi ukuthi kuyinto evamile.
- Imikhuba elula njengokugwema ukubhema nokuphuza amanzi amaningi ingasiza ekuvikeleni impilo yakho yokuphefumula esikhathini eside.
- Uma unezinkinga zokuphefumula, ungaqageli, kodwa qiniseka ukuthi ubona udokotela ofanelekayo futhi uthole iseluleko esifanele kanye nokwelashwa.
💬 Comments (0)
No comments yet. Be the first to share your thoughts here.
Add Your Comment