Ngezinye izikhathi ungase uzizwe uphelelwa umoya, ukhwehlela nje. Kuvamile ukuzizwa ngale ndlela, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuhlinzwa okukhulu. Esinye sezizathu eziyinhloko zalokhu ukuthi ingxenye yamaphaphu akho iwile. Ngokwezokwelapha, sibiza lokhu ngokuthi i-atelectasis (ebizwa ngokuthi: at-lek-ta-sis). Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale liyesabeka kancane, ngokuvamile alibi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke namuhla, ake sibheke ukuthi liyini ngempela, kungani lenzeka, nokuthi yini ongayenza ngakho.
Kalula nje, iyini i-Atelectasis?
Cabanga ukuthi amaphaphu akho akhiwe yizigidi zezikhwama zomoya ezincane. Lezi zikhwama zomoya ezincane zibizwa ngokuthi i-alveoli . Uma siphefumula, lezi zikhwama zomoya ezincane zigcwala umoya. Umoya-mpilo osemoyeni ube usumuncwa egazini lethu. Igazi libe selithwala lowo moya-mpilo kuwo wonke umzimba.
Manje, uma ngesizathu esithile lawa ma-air sac abizwa ngokuthi ama-alveoli engatholi umoya owanele, noma uma ecindezelwa yingcindezi yangaphandle, ayawa njengebhaluni eliphumile. Yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi 'i-Atelectasis'. Lokhu kungenzeka engxenyeni encane yamaphaphu, noma wonke amaphaphu angawa. Uma ingxenye enkulu yamaphaphu iwela ngale ndlela, igazi lethu alikwazi ukuthola inani elidingekayo lomoya-mpilo, okungaholela ezinkingeni ezahlukene zempilo.
Ingabe i-Atelectasis ne-Pneumothorax zizinto ezimbili ezihlukene?
Yebo. Abantu abaningi badidanisa lezi zimo ezimbili.
- I-Atelectasis ukuwohloka kwama-air sac (alveoli) ngaphakathi kwamaphaphu.
- I-Pneumothorax ukuvuza komoya okuvela ngaphandle kwamaphaphu, okungukuthi, endaweni engenalutho phakathi kwamaphaphu nodonga lwesifuba, futhi lowo moya uphusha amaphaphu ngaphandle.
Kalula nje, kwesinye isimo iphaphu liyawa lisuka ngaphakathi, kwesinye isimo liyawa ngenxa yokucindezela okuvela ngaphandle.
Ubani osengozini enkulu yalesi simo?
Ungase ube sengozini enkulu yokuthola i-atelectasis uma:
- Uma uke wahlinzwa esifubeni noma esiswini: Imithi yokubulala izinzwa esetshenziselwa ukukugcina ulele ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa ingabangela ukuphefumula kwakho kube kuncane futhi ungase ungakwazi ukukhwehlela amafinyila anele. Lokhu kungabangela ukuthi ama-air sac akho avaleke.
- Uma unesimo esivimba imigudu yomoya emincane emaphashini akho: Izimo ezifana ne-asthma zingase zivimbele amaphaphu akho ukuthi akhule kahle.
- Uma ulimele esifubeni noma ubambo oluphukile: Ungase ube nobunzima bokuphefumula ngokujulile ngenxa yobuhlungu obukhulu.
- Uma ubhema.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko ze-atelectasis?
Lesi simo singahlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana eziyinhloko kuye ngokuthi senzeka kanjani. Ake sibone ukuthi ziyini.
| Uhlobo lwe-atelectasis | Kalula nje, yilokhu okwenzekayo. |
|---|---|
| Ukucindezela | Ukulimala kwamaphaphu okubangelwa yinto engaphandle kwamaphaphu (isib. uketshezi, umoya, igazi, isimila) ecindezela amaphaphu. |
| Okubangela ukumuncwa/ukuvimba (ukuvaleka ngaphakathi) | Ukuminyana yisimo lapho umoya ungakwazi ukufinyelela khona ezikhwameni zomoya ngenxa yokuvaleka kwemigudu yomoya yamaphaphu. Lokhu kungabangelwa yi-mucus plug, into egwinywe ngephutha, noma isimila somdlavuza. |
| Ukufinyela (ngenxa yezibazi) | Ngenxa yezibazi (i-fibrosis) zezicubu zamaphaphu, amasaka omoya awakwazi ukwanda kahle futhi abe mancane. |
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona uhlobo olukhethekile olubonakala ezinganeni ezizalwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi kanye neziguli ezine-acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), olubangelwa ukuntuleka kweprotheni ebizwa ngokuthi i-surfactant emaphashini.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?
Ezimweni eziningi, uma kuthinteke ingxenye encane yamaphaphu , ngeke kube khona zimpawu. Kodwa-ke, uma kuthinteke indawo enkulu yamaphaphu, izinga lomoya-mpilo egazini lingaba phansi (i-hypoxemia). Lokhu kungabangela izimpawu ezifana nalezi:
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula/ukuphefumula okufushane (i-dyspnea)
- Ukukhwehlela
- Ubuhlungu besifuba
- Ukwanda kwesilinganiso sokuphefumula (i-tachypnea)
- Ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba nezindebe okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
Into ebalulekile ukuthi lezi zimpawu zivele kuphela uma ingxenye enkulu yamaphaphu iwile. Ngakho-ke, inani elincane le-atelectasis lingenzeka futhi liphole ngaphandle kokuthi uqaphele.
Izimbangela eziyinhloko ze-atelectasis
Njengoba sixoxile ngaphambili, imbangela evame kakhulu yalokhu ukuhlinzwa. Ngenxa yokuthi asiphefumuli kakhulu ngenxa ye-anesthesia futhi asikhwehleli kahle ukuze kukhishwe amafinyila, izindlela zomoya eziya emasakeni omoya zingavaleka futhi ziminyaniswe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunezinye izizathu:
- I-Mucus plug: Lesi simo sivame kakhulu ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ezigulini ezine-asthma enzima, kanye nasezinganeni ezincane.
- Into ephefumulwayo: Ukuhogela izinto ngengozi, njengamathoyizi nokudla, ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane, kungabangela ukuvaleka komoya.
- Ukuphuma kwegazi emzimbeni: Lokhu kungabangelwa ezinye izimo zezokwelapha, njengesifo senhliziyo.
- Ukuqongelela komoya emaphashini (i-Pneumothorax).
- Izimila ezingezona ezomdlavuza (ezingembi).
- Izimila ezinomdlavuza.
- Ukusha kwamaphaphu.
- Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha: Isifo samaphaphu esingamahlalakhona (i-COPD), izifo ezifana ne-pneumonia.
Udokotela uhlonza kanjani lokhu?
Ukuhlolwa kokuqala ukuthola lokhu yi -X-ray yesifuba. Lokhu kungayibona kahle ingxenye yamaphaphu ethintekile. Uma kudingeka, kungenziwa i-CT scan ukuze kubonwe ngokuningiliziwe.
Ngezinye izikhathi, uma kukhona okusolakala ukuthi kukhona ukuvaleka kwendlela yokuphefumula, udokotela uzofaka ithubhu elincane elinekhamera phansi emphinjeni ukuze ahlole ingaphakathi lamaphaphu. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-bronchoscopy . Phakathi nalolu vivinyo, bangase basuse nento evimba indlela yokuphefumula, njengesicucu se-mucus.
Iphathwa kanjani?
Amacala amaningi e-atelectasis aphela ngokuzenzakalelayo ngaphansi kokuqondisa kwezokwelapha, ngaphandle kokwelashwa okukhethekile.
Kodwa-ke, kuye ngokuthi imbangela kanye nobukhulu bokuvuvukala, kungase kudingeke ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.
- Ukuzivocavoca kokuphefumula okujulile: Ikakhulukazi ukuzivocavoca okwenziwa kusetshenziswa idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi "i-incentive spirometry".
- Ukususa izithiyo: Ukususa i-mucus noma ezinye izinto nge-bronchoscopy.
- Ukwelashwa ngokomzimba: Ukuzivocavoca okusiza amaphaphu akhule.
- Imithi ephefumulwayo: Imithi evula imigudu yomoya (ama-bronchodilator).
- Ukwelapha isimo esiyisisekelo: Uma lokhu kungenxa yomdlavuza noma esinye isifo esingamahlalakhona, yelapha leso sifo.
Ingabe i-atelectasis ingaba yingozi?
Nakuba lesi simo ngokuvamile singesibi kakhulu, kwezinye izimo kungaba nezinkinga:
- Ukwehla kwamazinga omoya-mpilo egazini (i-Hypoxemia):Uma izikhwama zomoya zivuvukala, umoya-mpilo awukwazi ukudlula egazini.
- I-pneumonia: I-mucus ingabanjwa emigwaqweni yomoya, ibangele ukutheleleka.
- Ukwehluleka kokuphefumula: Lokhu kungaba yisimo esisongela impilo uma iphaphu lonke liwa. Kodwa-ke, lokhu akuvamile kakhulu.
Ezimweni eziningi, uma imbangela ye-atelectasis isilashiwe, amaphaphu azobuyela esimweni sawo esijwayelekile. Iningi labantu liyalulama ngokushesha futhi azikho imiphumela yesikhathi eside.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Atelectasis ukuwohloka kwama-air sac (alveoli) emaphashini. Lokhu kuvame ukubonakala ngemva kokuhlinzwa.
- Ezimweni eziningi, lesi akusona isimo esibucayi, futhi singaxazululeka sodwa ngaphandle kwezimpawu.
- Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, ukuvuka nokuhambahamba njengoba udokotela wakho ekweluleka, kanye nokwenza izivivinyo zokuphefumula okujulile kubaluleke kakhulu ukuvimbela lesi simo.
- Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usemva kokuhlinzwa noma unesinye isimo samaphaphu, uma ngokuzumayo uba nezimpawu ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumula, ubuhlungu besifuba, ukukhwehlela, noma izindebe eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, funa iseluleko sezokwelapha ngokushesha.
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho