Uma unesifo sikashukela, cishe uvame ukubuzwa, "Uke wahlola ushukela wakho wegazi?" Nakuba ngezinye izikhathi kungase kuzwakale sengathi kuyakhathaza, empeleni kungenye yezihluthulelo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuphatha isifo sikashukela sakho. Njengedeshibhodi yemoto, ikukhombisa okwenzekayo emzimbeni wakho. Ukuhlola njalo amazinga kashukela egazini lakho kungakusiza wena nodokotela wakho niqonde ukuthi uhlelo lwenu lokwelashwa lusebenza kahle kangakanani.
Kungani kudingeka ngihlole ushukela wegazi lami njalo?
Cabanga ngezinga likashukela egazini lakho "njengekhadi lombiko" lokuthi uphatha kahle kangakanani isifo sakho sikashukela. Yiyona ndlela kuphela yokwazi ukuthi amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ashintsha kanjani ngezinto ezifana nokudla okudlayo, ukuzivocavoca okwenzayo, imithi oyiphuzayo, kanye nokucindezeleka ongaphansi kwakho. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma usebenzisa i-insulin.
Amazinga kashukela egazini angaguquguquka ngenxa yezinto ezahlukene ekuphileni kwethu. Ezinye izinto esingazilawula ngokuhlangenwe nakho. Kodwa ezinye izinto kunzima kakhulu ukuzilawula. Yingakho kubalulekile ukuhlola ushukela egazini lakho njalo, njengoba udokotela wakho esho.
Bheka, izinto ezinjengalezi zivame ukubangela ukwenyuka koshukela egazini lakho:
- Ukudla ukudla okunama-carbohydrate: Uma udla ukudla okunesitashi njengelayisi, isinkwa, namazambane.
- Ukungayithathi imithi yesifo sikashukela noma i-insulin eyanele: Ukungayithathi imithi ngesikhathi.
- Ukuntuleka kokuzilolonga: Lapho umzimba uthola ukuvivinya umzimba okuncane kunokujwayelekile.
- Imithi ethile: Ikakhulukazi uma uthatha ama-steroid (ama-corticosteroids).
- Ukugula, ukuhlinzwa, noma ukucindezeleka: Ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi, amazinga kashukela ayakhuphuka ngenxa yezinguquko zamahomoni emzimbeni.
- Isenzakalo se-Dawn: Lokhu kuyinto engavamile kancane. Kubizwa ngokuthi izinguquko zemvelo zamahomoni emizimbeni yethu ezibangela amazinga ethu kashukela egazini akhuphuke ekuseni.
- Ukubhema.
- Ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni.
- Ukuthomba: Lesi simo singabonakala ngokushintsha kwama-hormone ezinganeni ezincane.
Futhi, izinto ezinjengalezi zingabangela ukwehla koshukela egazini lakho:
- Ukungadli ukudla.
- Ukuthatha imithi noma i-insulin eningi kakhulu yesifo sikashukela.
- Ukuzivocavoca: Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kuvame ukwehlisa amazinga kashukela egazini.
Ngezinye izikhathi, ushukela wakho wegazi ungakhuphuka noma wehle . Kuya ngomzimba wakho kanye nezinye izici.
- Ukuya esikhathini kwabesifazane.
- Ubudlelwano phakathi kokudla kanye nemithi/izikhathi zokuthatha i-insulin.
- Ukuphuza utshwala.
- Imithi ethathwa kwezinye izifo.
Uma ucabanga ngakho konke lokhu, cishe uyaqonda ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani ukuhlola ushukela wakho wegazi njalo. Yiyona ndlela kuphela yokwazi kahle ukuthi amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ashintsha kanjani.
Yiziphi izindlela zokuhlola ushukela egazini ekhaya?
Ungaqapha ushukela wakho wegazi ekhaya ngezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko.
1. Ukusebenzisa i-glucose meter kanye nemichilo yokuhlola: Lokhu yilokho esikubiza ngokuthi "ukuhlolwa kwenduku yomunwe." Le ndlela ihilela ukuhlaba umunwe wakho ngenaliti bese uthatha ithonsi legazi.
2. Ukusebenzisa i-Continuous Glucose Monitor (CGM): Lena indlela entsha yokuqapha amazinga kashukela amahora angama-24 ngosuku ngenzwa encane efakwe ngaphansi kwesikhumba.
Ukuthi ukhetha eyodwa noma zombili lezi zindlela kuyinto okufanele uyixoxe nodokotela wakho. Kunezici eziningana ezithonya lokhu. Isibonelo, izindleko zemishini, uhlobo lwesifo sikashukela onaso, nokuthi udokotela wakho uncoma kangaki ukuthi uhlole ushukela egazini lakho.
Amamitha e-glucose kanye nemichilo yokuhlola
Lena yindlela yendabuko sonke esiyaziyo futhi esiyisebenzisayo. Uhlaba umunwe wakho ngenaliti encane ebizwa ngokuthi i-lancet bese uthatha ithonsi legazi. Bese, ubeka lelo thonsi legazi emgqeni wokuhlola ku-glucometer. Ngemizuzwana embalwa, inani likashukela egazini lakho liboniswa esikrinini se-meter.
Ngenxa yokuthi le ndlela inikeza kuphela inani ngesikhathi sokuhlola, abanye abantu, ikakhulukazi labo abasebenzisa i-insulin, kufanele bahlole ngale ndlela izikhathi eziningana ngosuku.
I-CGM (I-Continuous Glucose Monitor)
Lobu ubuchwepheshe obusha kakhulu. Kufana nokufaka inzwa encane emzimbeni wakho nokuqapha amazinga kashukela egazini lakho amahora angama-24 ngosuku. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ubone ukuthi amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ashintsha kanjani usuku lonke kugrafu.
Kodwa khumbula, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lobu buchwepheshe buhle kangakanani, ngezinye izikhathi bunganikeza ukufundwa okungalungile. Uma uzizwa sengathi unezimpawu zoshukela ophansi egazini, kodwa i-CGM yakho ibonisa ukufundwa okuvamile, qiniseka ukuthi uthatha induku yomunwe bese uhlola kabusha ngemitha evamile.
Inqubo efanele yokuhlola ushukela egazini
Uma uhlola ushukela egazini lakho nge-glucometer, ngokuvamile landela lezi zinyathelo.
1. Okokuqala, geza izandla zakho kahle ngensipho namanzi. Uma iminwe yakho ingcolile ngezinhlayiya zokudla, imiphumela ingase ingabi yinembile. Sula iminwe yakho ngensipho namanzi noma nge-alcohol wipe.
2. Faka umucu wokuhlola emitha.
3. Hlaba uhlangothi lomunwe wakho ngedivayisi ye-lancet.Akubuhlungu kakhulu uma uwujova ohlangothini kunaphakathi nendawo.
4. Thinta ithonsi legazi liye esicongweni somucu wokuhlola. Imitha izodonsa ngokuzenzakalelayo inani legazi elidingekayo.
5. Umphumela uzovela esikrinini ngemizuzwana embalwa.
Imitha ngayinye ye-glucose ingaba nokwehluka okuncane, ngakho-ke funda incwadi yemiyalelo eza nemitha yakho ngokucophelela. Futhi, bhala phansi ukufundwa kweshukela egazini lakho encwadini noma kuhlelo lokusebenza efonini yakho. Ungakhohlwa ukuyiphatha le ncwadi uma uya kudokotela wakho.
Kufanele uhlole nini ushukela egazini lakho?
Udokotela wakho uzonquma ukuthi kufanele uhlole ushukela wakho wegazi kangaki futhi ngasiphi isikhathi sosuku. Kuyahlukahluka kuye ngomuntu nomuntu. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuhlola ushukela wakho wegazi noma nini lapho uzwa izimpawu zoshukela wegazi ophansi noma ophezulu.
Ithebula elingezansi lizokusiza uqonde ukubaluleka kokuhlola ushukela egazini lakho ngezikhathi ezahlukene zosuku.
| Isikhathi sokuhlola | Yini esingayifunda kukho? |
|---|---|
| Uma nje uvuka ekuseni (ngaphambi kokudla) | Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi "i-Fasting glucose." Lokhu kungakunikeza umbono omuhle wokuthi amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ayenjani ubusuku bonke. |
| Ngaphambi kokudla okuyinhloko | Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuhlela ukudla kwakho nokunquma ukuthi udinga ukuthatha i-insulin engakanani uma uyithatha. |
| Amahora ama-2 ngemva kokudla | Ungabona kahle ukuthi ukudla okudlile kuthinte kanjani amazinga kashukela egazini lakho. Lokhu kubalulekile ukuze unqume ukuthi udinga ukushintsha imithi yakho/isilinganiso se-insulin. |
| Ngaphambi nangemva kokuzivocavoca | Qonda umphumela wokuzivocavoca emazingeni kashukela egazini. Nakuba ukuzivocavoca kuvame ukwehlisa ushukela egazini, ngezinye izikhathi kungawukhulisa. |
| Ngaphambi kokulala ebusuku | Lokhu kusiza ekuvimbeleni amazinga kashukela egazini aphansi ngendlela eyingozi ngesikhathi ulele. Futhi, ukulala unezinga likashukela egazini eliphezulu kuyingozi empilweni yakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. |
Zisho ukuthini lezi zinombolo?
Izinga lakho likashukela egazini eliphilile (ububanzi obuqondiwe) liyinto ehlukile kuwe. Kufanele linqunywe ngokukhuluma nodokotela wakho. Kuncike ezintweni eziningi, njengobudala bakho, ukuthi usunesikhathi esingakanani unesifo sikashukela, nokuthi unezinye izimo zezokwelapha.
Kodwa-ke, okulandelayo yizindinganiso ezijwayelekile ezinconywe yi-American Diabetes Association kubantu abadala abangakhulelwe:
- Ngaphambi kokudla: Phakathi kuka-80 - 130 mg/dL.
- Amahora angu-1-2 ngemva kokudla: Ngaphansi kuka-180 mg/dL.
Uma izinga likashukela egazini lakho lehla (i-Hypoglycemia)
Lesi simo sivame ukwenzeka lapho amazinga kashukela egazini ehla ngaphansi kuka-70 mg/dL. Lokhu kungaba yingozi, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthatha isinyathelo ngokushesha nje lapho ubona izimpawu.
| Izimpawu zoshukela ophansi egazini (i-Hypoglycemia) | |
|---|---|
| - Ukuzizwa ukhathele, ukhathele | - Ukuzizwa sengathi umzimba wakho uyathuthumela |
| - Ukuzizwa unesiyezi | - Ukujuluka okuncane |
| - Indlala enkulu | - Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo |
| - Ukuzizwa wesaba, ungakhululekile | - Ukuthukuthela |
Uma unalezi zimpawu, yidla ngokushesha okuthile okunoshukela omncane (isib. i-glucose toffee, ubhanana, ijusi yezithelo). Uma ushukela wakho wegazi wehla kakhulu, ungase ulahlekelwe ngisho nokuqwasha. Lesi yisimo esiphuthumayo.
Uma amazinga kashukela egazini enyuka (i-Hyperglycemia)
Lesi simo sivame ukwenzeka lapho amazinga kashukela egazini edlula u-180 mg/dL. Kodwa-ke, abantu abaningi baqala ukuzwa izimpawu lapho bedlula u-250 mg/dL.
| Izimpawu zoshukela ophezulu egazini (i-Hyperglycemia) | |
|---|---|
| - Ukoma ngokweqile kanye nendlala | - Ukuchama njalo |
| - Ikhanda elibuhlungu | - Umbono ofiphele |
| - Ukucasuka, ukungahlaliseki | - Ukukhathala ngokweqile |
Uma uthatha i-insulin, kufanele uthathe umthamo we-insulin njengoba kunqunywe udokotela wakho. Ngezinye izikhathi, uma izimpawu ezifana nokuhlanza nokukhathala okukhulu kuhambisana noshukela ophezulu wegazi, kungaba yisimo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA). Uma lokhu kwenzeka, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha noma uye eMnyangweni Wezimo Eziphuthumayo (ETU) wesibhedlela esiseduze.
Ubunzima obubangelwa yilokhu kanye nezixazululo zabo
Nakuba kunezinzuzo eziningi zokuhlola ushukela egazini, kungabangela ukungakhululeki kwabanye abantu.
- Ubuhlungu beminwe: Ubuhlungu beminwe bungenzeka uma uhlaba umunwe wakho ngokuphindaphindiwe. Ukuze uxazulule lokhu, hlaba umunwe wakho ohlangothini esikhundleni sokuhlaba phakathi. Futhi, ungasebenzisi i-lancet (inaliti) efanayo ngokuphindaphindiwe, kodwa sebenzisa entsha njalo.
- Izindleko: Izindleko zemichilo yokuhlola kanye nezinhlelo ze-CGM kungaba nzima kwabanye abantu ukuzikhokhela. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngalokhu. Angase akwazi ukukweluleka ngezindlela zokunciphisa izindleko.
- Umthelela wengqondo: Kuvamile ukuzizwa udabuke, uthukuthele, noma ukhungathekile lapho ubona amazinga kashukela egazini lakho ngezinye izinsuku.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule yile: Amanani kashukela egazini awawona "uphawu" olunikezwe kuwe, futhi awawona iphutha lakho. Ayizinombolo nje. Ayimininingwane nje yokukusiza uqonde ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa lusebenza kanjani. Ungakhathazeki kakhulu ngalokhu. Uma uzizwa ucindezeleke kakhulu, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngakho.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ukuhlola ushukela egazini lakho njalo kungenye yamathuluzi anamandla kakhulu onawo okulawula isifo sikashukela.
- Buza udokotela wakho ukuthi yiliphi izinga likashukela egazini eliqondiwe (ububanzi obuqondiwe) elikufanele.
- Qaphela izimpawu zamazinga aphansi kashukela egazini (i-Hypoglycemia) kanye namazinga aphezulu kashukela egazini (i-Hyperglycemia).
- Amanani kashukela egazini ayidatha nje yokukusiza ukuhlela ukwelashwa kwakho. Ungenzi izinqumo ezimbi ngawe ngokusekelwe kuzo.
- Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile ngamazinga kashukela egazini lakho nokuthi uzizwa kanjani. Ukhona ukuzokusiza.
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