Cishe uke wezwa nge-"Black Death" ezincwadini zomlando. Kuwubhubhane olukhulu olwahlasela umhlaba eminyakeni engamakhulu edlule, lwabulala izigidi. Namuhla sizokhuluma ngaleso sifo, i-Plague. Igama lizwakala lithusa kancane. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi yisifo esingavamile kakhulu namuhla. Futhi uma sitholakala futhi selashwa kusenesikhathi, singelapheka ngokuphelele. Ngakho-ke ake silwazi kangcono.
Iyini le nhlupho?
Kalula nje, isifo esiwumshayabhuqe yisifo esithelelanayo esithinta abantu nezilwane. Sibangelwa uhlobo lwebhaktheriya olubizwa ngokuthi i-'Yersinia pestis' .
Lesi sifo sivame ukusabalala ngama-fleas. Uma la ma-fleas emunca igazi lezilwane ezinegciwane, njengamagundane, amagundane, kanye nama-squirrels amancane, amabhaktheriya asemizimbeni yezilwane adlulela ema-fleas. Bese kuthi, lapho la ma-fleas eluma esinye isilwane noma umuntu, amabhaktheriya angene emzimbeni walowo muntu. Akukhona lokho kuphela, lesi sifo singasakazwa nangokuthintana ngqo nezilwane ezinegciwane noma iziguli ezinegciwane.
Sazi okuningi mayelana nendlela yokulawula izifo ezithelelanayo kunabokhokho bethu. Ngakho-ke, izifo eziwumshayabhuqe azivamile kulezi zinsuku. Zimbalwa kuphela izigameko ezibikwa emhlabeni wonke minyaka yonke. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela.
Yiziphi izinhlobo eziyinhloko zezifo eziwumshayabhuqe?
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zomkhuhlane. Uhlobo ngalunye luthinta umzimba ngendlela ehlukile. Ake siqonde lezi zinhlobo ezintathu ngokucacile ngosizo lwethebula.
| Uhlobo Lwesifo Esiwumshayabhuqe | Ngokuvamile, indlela yokudlulisela | Amaphuzu abalulekile |
|---|---|---|
| Ubhubhane lwe-Bubonic | Kusukela ekulunyweni yi-flea ethelelekile. | Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu. Ama-lymph node ayavuvukala bese kwakheka amaqhubu abuhlungu (ama-buboe). |
| Ubhubhane Lwe-Septicemia | Ukulunywa yizimpukane noma ukuthinta isilwane esinalesi sifo. | Amabhaktheriya angena ngqo egazini. Uma engelashwa, isifo se-bubonic singakhula sibe yilesi simo. |
| Ubhubhane Lwe-Pneumonic | Ngokuphefumula amaconsi avela ekukhwehleleni noma ekuthimuleni komuntu onegciwane. | Uhlobo oluyingozi kakhulu nolungathi sína. Lolu uhlobo kuphela olungadluliselwa kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye. |
Ziyini izimpawu? Ake sithole ukuthi ziyini ngempela.
Izimpawu zomkhuhlane zivame ukuvela phakathi kosuku olu-1 nolu-8 ngemuva kokuwuthola. Ungase uzizwe ukhathele kakhulu futhi ubuthakathaka ekuqaleni. Lokhu kulandelwa izimpawu ezijwayelekile ezifana nomkhuhlane, ukubanda, kanye nekhanda elibuhlungu. Ngemuva kwalokho, ungase ube nezimpawu ezithile kuye ngohlobo lomkhuhlane onawo.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uma unalezi zimpawu futhi uke waba sendaweni lapho kukhona khona amagundane, kufanele ubonane nodokotela ngokushesha . Ngisho namahora ambalwa angenza umehluko omkhulu.
| Uhlobo lwesifo | Izimpawu eziyinhloko |
|---|---|
| Ubhubhane lwe-Bubonic | Ama-lymph node avuvukele ekhwapheni, entanyeni, noma endaweni yemibundu, akha amaqhubu abuhlungu kakhulu (ama-buboe). |
| Ubhubhane Lwe-Septicemia | • Ukopha emlonyeni, ekhaleni, noma esitulweni. • Ukopha ngaphansi kwesikhumba. • Ukufiphala kwezindawo ezifana nekhala kanye neminwe. • Ukuqaqamba kwesisu, uhudo, ukuhlanza, kanye nokushaqeka. |
| Ubhubhane Lwe-Pneumonic | • Ubuhlungu besifuba. • Ukukhwehlela (mhlawumbe kunegazi esikhumbeni). • Ubunzima bokuphefumula. • Isicanucanu nokuhlanza. |
Ungakugwema kanjani lokhu? (Ukuvimbela)
Okwamanje awukho umuthi wokugomela osetshenziswa kabanzi walesi sifo, ngakho-ke into engcono kakhulu ongayenza ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuzivikela kulesi sifo.
- Ukulawulwa Kwamagundane: Vala noma yiziphi izimbobo nezikhala ekhaya lakho ezivumela izilwane ezifana namagundane nezingwejeje ukuthi zingene.
- Gcina indawo ihlanzekile: Gcina ingadi icocekile. Susa izinto ezifana nodoti wamaqabunga, izingodo, kanye nezinqwaba zamatshe izilwane ezingacasha kuwo.
- Ukuvikelwa ezintanjeni: Uma uhamba ngezinyawo noma ukhempa ezindaweni ezinamahlathi, sebenzisa imithi yokubulala izinambuzane, ikakhulukazi lezo eziqukethe i-DEET.
- Qaphela lapho usebenza nezilwane: Qiniseka ukuthi ugqoka amagilavu uma uphatha izilwane zasendle ezigulayo noma ezifile.
- Nakekela izilwane zakho ezifuywayo: Nikeza inja yakho noma ikati lakho imithi yokulawula izimpukane. Ungavumeli izilwane ezifuywayo zangaphandle zilale embhedeni wakho.
Ingabe kukhona ukwelashwa? Ingabe kufanele ngesabe?
Cha, ungakhathazeki. I-Mass iyisifo esingelapheka ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa . Kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu .
Uma unezimpawu, udokotela wakho uzokungenisa esibhedlela futhi akunike ama-antibiotic. Isibonelo, kusetshenziswa imithi efana ne-`Ciprofloxacin`,` Doxycycline` ,` Gentamicin`. Le mithi kufanele isetshenziswe njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
Uma ukwelashwa sekuqalile, abantu abaningi bayalulama zingakapheli isonto noma amabili. Kodwa-ke, uma kungelashwa, izinhlobo ze-'Septicemic' kanye ne-'Pneumonic' zingaba yingozi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, uma unokungabaza ngezimpawu, ungalibali futhi ubone udokotela ngokushesha.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Isifo esiwumshayabhuqe yisifo sasendulo esaziwa ngokuthi "i-Black Death", kodwa asivamile kakhulu namuhla.
- Lesi sifo sidluliselwa kakhulu yizimpukane ezilwaneni ezifana namagundane.
- Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko: i-bubonic, i-septic, kanye ne-pneumonic. Eyingozi kakhulu kulezi yi-pneumonia plague.
- Umkhuhlane, ikhanda elibuhlungu, izinhlungu zomzimba, kanye nokuvuvukala, amaqhubu abuhlungu yizimpawu eziyinhloko. Uma unalezi zimpawu , ungachithi isikhathi bese ubona udokotela.
- Lesi sifo singelapheka ngokuphelele ngokutholakala kusenesikhathi kanye nama-antibiotic. Ngakho-ke ungesabi ngokungadingekile, kodwa qaphela.
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