Ingabe uzizwe wesaba noma wesaba kancane lapho udokotela wakho ekunikeze i-steroid? Lapho abanye abantu bezwa leli gama, bacabanga ngento eyingozi emzimbeni esetshenziswa abasubathi ukwakha imizimba yabo. Kodwa empeleni, lawa ma-steroid esiwasebenzisa kwezokwelapha ahluke ngokuphelele, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ayimithi ewusizo kakhulu engasindisa ngisho nokuphila. Ngakho-ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukususa imibono eyiphutha ngalokhu nokwazi iqiniso eliqondile. Namuhla, sizokhuluma ngalokhu kalula nangendlela ongayiqonda.
Ayini ngempela ama-steroid?
Kalula nje, lezi izidakamizwa zokwenziwa ezilingisa i-hormone i- cortisol, ekhiqizwa ngokwemvelo yizindlala zethu ze-adrenal. Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-cortisol emizimbeni yethu ukusisiza sibhekane nokucindezeleka nokulawula ukuvuvukala emzimbeni.
Ngakho-ke odokotela basebenzisa lawa ma-steroid okwenziwa, abizwa ngokuthi ama-corticosteroids noma ama-glucocorticoids, ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba. Afana nesikhuthazi sesimiso somzimba wethu sokuzivikela, esiza ekulweni nezifo. Udokotela wakho angalungisa umthamo wale mithi ukuze uvumelane nezidingo zakho futhi akuphathe ngendlela oyidingayo.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zezifo ezisetshenziswayo?
Ama-steroid ayimithi ewusizo kakhulu esetshenziselwa izifo eziningi. Ikakhulukazi, abalulekile ezifweni zokuzivikela komzimba, ezibangelwa ukusebenza ngokweqile kwesimiso somzimba wethu sokuzivikela komzimba. Cabanga nje, ibutho okufanele livikele umzimba wethu (isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela komzimba), liqala ngephutha ukuhlasela amangqamuzana alo. Ngezikhathi ezinjalo, ama-steroids asiza ukulawula nokuzola lokho kusebenza ngokweqile.
Bheka ithebula elingezansi ukuze uthole ezinye zezindlela ezivame kakhulu zokusebenzisa lo muthi.
| Ukugula/Ukulimala | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| I-Lupus | Isifo lapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela khona izitho ezahlukene zomzimba (isikhumba, amalunga, izinso). |
| I-Arthritis Evuvukalayo - isib. I-Rheumatoid Arthritis | Isimo lapho amalunga evuvukala, aqine, futhi abe buhlungu. |
| Isifuba somoya | Ubunzima bokuphefumula ngenxa yokuvuvukala kwemigudu yomoya . |
| Izifo zesikhumba (njenge-eczema) | Izimo ezinjengokubomvu kwesikhumba, ukulunywa, ukoma, nokuvuvukala. |
| Ukusabela Kokungezwani Nomzimba | Ukulawula izimo ezinzima njengokuvuvukala nokulunywa okubangelwa ukusabela ngokweqile komzimba kokuthile. |
| Ukulimala - isib. I-Tendinitis, i-Bursitis | Ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu emalungeni nasemisipheni. |
'Ama-steroid', 'ama-corticosteroids', 'ama-glucocorticoids' - ingabe uyadideka ngala magama?
Kuvamile ukudideka kancane uma uzwa wonke amagama amathathu. Kodwa khumbula nje, lapho odokotela neziguli bekhuluma, wonke amagama amathathu avame ukusetshenziswa ukubhekisela ekilasini elifanayo lemithi. `(Corticosteroids)` yikilasi eliyinhloko, kanti `(Glucocorticoids)` yikilasi elithile. Kodwa-ke, akudingeki udideke ngala magama uma welashwa, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza umuthi oqondile owudingayo.
Okubaluleke kakhulu: Lawa ma-steroid ezokwelapha akufanele adidaniswe nama-steroid angemthetho asetshenziswa abasubathi ukwakha imisipha nokuthola inzuzo yokuncintisana. Ahluke ngokuphelele, futhi ahlobene ne-hormone testosterone. Akukho ukuxhumana phakathi kwalawa amabili.
Ezinye zezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zama-steroid
Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wabona elinye lala magama ku-prescription yakho.
- I-Prednisone
- I-Cortisone
- I-Hydrocortisone
- I-Methylprednisolone
Lo muthi usebenza kanjani emzimbeni?
Ama-steroid ayimithi enamandla kakhulu, esebenza ngokushesha. Asebenza imisebenzi emithathu eyinhloko.
1. Ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala: Uma kukhona ukulimala noma ukutheleleka endaweni ethile emzimbeni, amasosha omzimba ethu athumela amaseli ukulwa nakho. Lokhu kuphumela ekubeni bomvu, ukuvuvukala, ukushisa, kanye nobuhlungu. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi ukuvuvukala. Kwezinye izifo, lokhu kuvuvukala kuyaphuma ekulawuleni bese kuqala ukulimaza umzimba uqobo. Ama-steroid asebenza ngokunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwamakhemikhali abangela ukuvuvukala nokulawula lesi simo.
2. Ukuqeda ubuhlungu: Njengoba ukuvuvukala kuncipha, ubuhlungu obuhambisana nakho buyancipha kakhulu.
3. Ukucindezela isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela: Njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, ezifweni zokuzivikela komzimba lapho isimiso somzimba sokuzivikela sisebenza ngokweqile futhi sihlasela umzimba waso, ama-steroid asiza ukulawula ukusebenza kwalolo hlelo ngezinga elithile, anciphise umonakalo odalekile.
Yiziphi izindlela zokuphatha ama-steroid?
Indlela onikwa ngayo ama-steroid incike esimweni sakho. Kunezindlela ezimbili eziyinhloko.
| Indlela yokulethwa | Izibonelo | Incazelo |
|---|---|---|
| Indawo - kuphela endaweni ethile | ||
| Imijovo yamalunga | Ukujova umuthi ngqo esilungwini esibuhlungu, njengedolo noma ihlombe. | Ngenxa yokuthi umuthi uya ngqo endaweni enenkinga, unomthelela omncane kuwo wonke umzimba. Imiphumela emibi mincane kakhulu. |
| Amaconsi Eso/Endlebeni | Ukutheleleka kwamehlo noma kwendlebe kanye nokuvuvukala. | Umphumela ukhawulelwe endaweni efanele kuphela. |
| Okhilimu be-topical | Ngezifo zesikhumba ezifana ne-eczema. | Imiphumela emibi imbalwa kakhulu. |
| Okuhlelekile - okuthinta umzimba wonke | ||
| Imithi yomlomo | Ukuthatha njengamaphilisi noma isiraphu. | Umuthi ungena egazini futhi usebenza emzimbeni wonke. Kunamathuba amaningi okuba nemiphumela emibi. |
| Imijovo ye-intravenous (IV) | Ukuyifaka ngqo egazini ngomthambo. | Isetshenziswa ezimweni eziphuthumayo lapho kudingeka khona imiphumela esheshayo. |
| Umjovo emsipheni (Ezicutshini - IM) | Ukubhoboza kube yimisipha eqinile, njengesinqe. | Umuthi umuncwa kancane kancane emzimbeni. |
Yiziphi izinzuzo eziyinhloko zama-steroid?
Naphezu kokwesaba ngemiphumela emibi, izinzuzo zama-steroid azibalulekile.
- Imiphumela esheshayo: Enye yezinzuzo ezinkulu zalokhu ukuthi zinikeza imiphumela esheshayo . Zingalawula izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu obukhulu nokuvuvukala ngesikhathi esifushane kakhulu.
- Ukuphumula kwesikhathi eside: Isibonelo, umjovo we-cortisone esilungwini unganikeza ukuphumula kobuhlungu izinyanga, ngezinye izikhathi unomphela.
- Ukusindisa Impilo: Kwezinye izimo, lokhu kusindisa impilo. Isibonelo, uma umuntu ehlushwa isifo esifana ne-lupus esibangela ukulimala kwezinso, angamnika lawa ma-steroid ukuze ayeke umonakalo. Lokhu kungase kumvimbele ekudingeni i-dialysis noma ukufakelwa izinso.
Ake sixoxe ngemiphumela emibi wonke umuntu ayesabayo
Kulungile, manje ake sixoxe ngesizathu sokuthi kungani abantu abaningi besaba le mithi, okuyimiphumela emibi. Njengoba ama-steroid eyimithi enamandla, imiphumela emibi ingenzeka. Kodwa khumbula, le miphumela emibi ayiveli kuwo wonke umuntu . Futhi ivame ukubonakala uma uyithatha ngesimo sephilisi isikhathi eside, ngemithamo ephezulu . Amathuba okuthi lokhu kwenzeke mancane kakhulu kumuntu osebenzisa ukhilimu noma umjovo wesikhathi esisodwa.
Lezi ezinye zemiphumela emibi evame kakhulu:
- Ukwanda kwesifiso sokudla kanye nokukhuluphala: Abantu abaningi babhekana nendlala enkulu ngenkathi bethatha ama-steroid. Ngakho-ke, uma udla ngokungalawuleki, ungase ukhuluphale.
- Ukugcinwa kwamanzi emzimbeni: Lokhu kungabangela ubuso benyanga nokuvuvukala.
- Izinguquko zesikhumba: Isikhumba esinciphile, ukuphuka kalula, ukwanda kwezinduna.
- Ukushintshashintsha kwemizwa: Ukuzizwa ucasukile, ungenakuthula, ukhathazekile, futhi ungakwazi ukulala kungenzeka.
- Ukungakhululeki esiswini: Izimo ezinjengokuvuvukala kwesisu kanye ne-gastritis.
- Ukukhula kwezinwele emzimbeni okwandisiwe.
Yiziphi izingozi zesikhathi eside?
Umuntu othatha ama-steroid isikhathi eside (izinyanga, iminyaka) unengozi enkulu yokuthola izimo ezithile ezibucayi. Udokotela wakho uyazazi lezi zingozi, ngakho uzokuhlola njalo futhi athathe izinyathelo zokuphepha ezidingekayo.
- Isifo Sikashukela: Ama-steroid angakhuphula amazinga kashukela egazini. Uma usuvele unesifo sikashukela, kufanele uhlole amazinga kashukela egazini lakho njalo.
- Umfutho wegazi ophezulu.
- I-Osteoporosis: Amathambo aba mancane futhi aqhekeke kalula.
- Ukuthambekela ekuthelelekeni: Njengoba amasosha omzimba eba buthakathaka, ingozi yokuthola izifo iyanda.
- I-Cushing's syndrome: Isimo esibangelwa amazinga aphezulu e-cortisol emzimbeni.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ungayeki ama-steroid ngokuzumayo!
Lena yinto ebaluleke kakhulu okudingeka uyikhumbule. Uma ususebenzise amaphilisi e-steroid isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili, ungalokothi uyeke ukuwaphuza ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela wakho.
Cabanga nje, uma siqhubeka nokuthatha ama-steroid ngaphandle, ifektri yemvelo yomzimba wethu yokwenza i-cortisol (izindlala ze-adrenal) iba "yivila" kancane. Icabanga ukuthi, "Ivela ngaphandle noma kunjalo, kungani kufanele ngisebenze kanzima?" bese inciphisa umsebenzi wayo. Uma uyeka ngokuzumayo ukuthatha imithi ngaphandle, leyo fektri evilaphayo ayikwazi ukuqala ukusebenza ngokushesha. Ngenxa yalokho, umzimba ulahlekelwa yi-cortisol oyidingayo, okubangela ukungakhululeki okukhulu, umfutho wegazi ophansi, ngisho nezinkinga ezisongela ukuphila.
Ngakho-ke udokotela unciphisa kancane kancane umthamo ezinyangeni eziningana, anikeze umzimba isikhathi sasembonini sokuqala ukusebenza futhi, bese eyeka kancane kancane umuthi.
Ngingambona nini udokotela?
Kubalulekile ukunaka umzimba wakho ngenkathi usebenzisa ama-steroid.
- Uma izimpawu zakho zingathuthuki ngemva kwesonto elilodwa uqala umuthi, tshela udokotela wakho.
- Uma uphuza imithi isikhathi eside, hlola umfutho wegazi lakho, amazinga kashukela, kanye nokuqina kwamathambo njengoba udokotela wakho ekuncoma.
Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, shayela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Imfiva
- Ukucanuzela noma ukuhlanza
- Ubunzima bokugxilisa ingqondo, ubunzima bokucabanga kahle
- Isiyezi esinzima
Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba uma ubona uhlu lwemiphumela emibi. Ungase uzibuze, "Ingabe kufanelekile ukuthatha umuthi onezinkinga eziningi kangaka?" Kodwa isikhathi esiningi, impendulo ithi, "Yebo, kufanelekile ngempela." Udokotela ukubhalela lo muthi ngoba enqume ukuthi umonakalo ongaba khona ngenxa yemiphumela emibi uncane kakhulu kunomonakalo ongaba khona ngokungawuthathi umuthi. Ngakho-ke ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi mincane kangakanani. Uzochaza izinzuzo, izingozi, nakho konke okunye okudingeka ukwazi mayelana nomuthi.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- Ama-Corticosteroids ayiqembu elibaluleke kakhulu lemithi esetshenziswa kwezokwelapha ukulawula ukuvuvukala emzimbeni. Ahluke ngokuphelele kuma-steroid e-anabolic asetshenziswa abadlali.
- Le mithi inikeza imiphumela esheshayo nephumelelayo ezimweni eziningi zezokwelapha, futhi ngezinye izikhathi isindisa impilo.
- Imiphumela emibi ingenzeka, kodwa ivame ukwenzeka uma iphilisi lisetshenziswa isikhathi eside, ngemithamo ephezulu. Udokotela wakho uzohlala ehlola izinzuzo nezingozi ngaphambi kokukunikeza ukwelashwa.
- Ungalokothi uyeke ukuthatha ama-steroid ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kweseluleko sikadokotela. Kungaba yingozi. Umthamo kufanele wehliswe kancane kancane ngaphansi kwesiqondiso sikadokotela.
- Ungesabi ukukhuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho nganoma yikuphi ukungakhululeki noma imibuzo ongase ube nayo.
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