Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi uzizwa ukhathele ngendlela engavamile ngaphandle kwesizathu? Ingabe uzizwa uphelelwa umoya ngisho nalapho ukhuphuka izitebhisi ezincane? Esikhathini esiningi, asicabangi ngalezi zinto njengezinto ezivamile. Kodwa-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kungase kube nenkinga ngenhliziyo yethu esingayazi. Namuhla sikhuluma ngesimo esenza inhliziyo ibe buthaka kancane kancane, kodwa abantu abaningi abazi ngaso. Leso yi-Dilated Cardiomyopathy.
Kuyini ngempela i-Dilated Cardiomyopathy?
Kalula nje, lokhu kwenzeka lapho imisipha yenhliziyo yakho inwebeka futhi iba nkulu kunokujwayelekile. Njengoba nje ibhande lerabha lilahlekelwa ukuqina kwalo lapho linwebeka, imisipha yenhliziyo yethu iyanwebeka, inciphe, futhi ibe buthaka.
Lesi simo siqala kakhulu e-ventricle yesobunxele, igumbi eliyinhloko lokupompa lenhliziyo. Leli gumbi liyingxenye eyinhloko epompa igazi liye kuwo wonke umzimba. Ngakho-ke lapho lo msipha uba buthakathaka, inhliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi kahle. Njalo lapho inhliziyo ishaya, ingxenye yegazi okudingeka ipompelwe isala ngaphakathi enhliziyweni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lokhu kuba umthwalo omkhulu enhliziyweni. Kuphinde kunciphise inani legazi elidingwa umzimba wonke ukuze uthole umoya-mpilo nezakhamzimba.
Nakuba kungekho datha ethile ngalokhu eSri Lanka, ucwaningo luthole ukuthi cishe abantu abangu-36 kwabangu-100,000 emhlabeni wonke banalesi simo. Kodwa izindaba ezinhle ukuthi manje kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu zalesi simo. Futhi kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ukusiza ekuphatheni lesi simo.
Ziyini izimpawu zalesi simo?
Abantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi ezigabeni zokuqala zalesi sifo, ababi nazo izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, njengoba ukusebenza kwenhliziyo kuya ngokuya kuba kubi, ungase uqale ukuzwa izimpawu. Lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile aziveli ngokuzumayo kodwa ziyanda kancane kancane.
| Isibonakaliso | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuphefumula (i-Dyspnea) | Ukuzizwa uphelelwa umoya ngenkathi wenza imisebenzi emincane, uhamba, noma ngisho umi nje. |
| Ukukhathala | Ukukhathala okungajwayelekile, okungabekezeleleki okuzwayo usuku lonke, ngisho nangemva kokulala kahle. |
| Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze, amaqakala, kanye nesisu (i-Edema) | Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze, izinyawo, kanye nesisu ngenxa yokuqongelela koketshezi emzimbeni ngenxa yokusebenza okubuthakathaka kwenhliziyo. |
| Ukushaya kwenhliziyo | Ukuzwa sengathi ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho kuyakhuphuka ngokuzumayo futhi isifuba sakho siyashaya ngamandla. |
| Isiyezi kanye nokuquleka | Isiyezi, amehlo aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma ukuquleka okubangelwa ukugeleza kwegazi okunganele ebuchosheni. |
| Ubuhlungu besifuba noma ukungakhululeki | Ubuhlungu obuzwakala njengokucindezela esifubeni, njengokungathi kukhona isisindo kuso. |
| Ukukhwehlela nokuqina kwesifuba | Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo okubangelwa ukunqwabelana koketshezi emaphashini. |
| Ukwanda kwesisindo | Ukwanda kwesisindo okungalindelekile zingakapheli izinsuku ezimbalwa ngenxa yokugcinwa koketshezi emzimbeni. |
Yiziphi izimbangela ze-Dilated Cardiomyopathy?
Ngokuvamile kunzima ukuthola imbangela ethile yalesi simo. Kodwa-ke, kwezinye izimo, kuye kwatholakala izici eziningana. Abanye abantu bangase bathintwe yizici ezingaphezu kweyodwa.
| Isizathu | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Izakhi zofuzo zidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane | Kutholakale ukuthi abantu abangaphezu kuka-50% abanalesi sifo basizuza njengefa ezizakhini zabo zofuzo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-familial dilated cardiomyopathy. |
| Isifo semithambo yegazi kanye nokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo | Lesi simo singabangelwa ukuvaleka kwemithambo yegazi enikeza inhliziyo noma ukulimala kwemisipha yenhliziyo ngenxa yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo. |
| Umfutho wegazi ophakeme | Umfutho wegazi ophezulu ongalawuleki isikhathi eside ungenza buthaka imisipha yenhliziyo ngokuphoqa inhliziyo ukuthi isebenze kanzima. |
| Ukutheleleka ngegciwane | Lesi simo singabangelwa izinhlobo ezithile zamagciwane (isib. i-hepatitis, i-HIV) noma izifo ezithinta imisipha yenhliziyo uqobo (i-myocarditis). |
| Ukusetshenziswa kotshwala ngokweqile | Ukuphuza utshwala ngokweqile iminyaka eminingi kulimaza ngqo imisipha yenhliziyo. |
| Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha | Izimo ezifana nesifo sikashukela, isifo se-thyroid, isifo se-valve yenhliziyo, kanye nesifo senhliziyo esizalwa naso. |
| Izinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa | Lokhu kungenzeka ngenxa yezinkinga ezenzeka engxenyeni yokugcina yokukhulelwa noma ngemva kokubeletha. |
| Eminye imithi nezidakamizwa | Eminye imithi yokwelapha umdlavuza kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezidakamizwa ezifana ne-cocaine. |
Yiziphi izinkinga ezingavela kulesi simo?
Uma i-Dilated Cardiomyopathy iba nzima kakhulu, kungavela izinkinga ezahlukahlukene. Ezinye zalezi zingaba zimbi kakhulu.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuxilonga lesi sifo bese uqala ukwelashwa okufanele ngaphambi kokuba lezi zinkinga zenzeke. Khona-ke lezi zingozi zingancishiswa kakhulu.
- Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo: Lena inkinga enkulu. Inhliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi elanele ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zomzimba.
- I-Arrhythmia: Ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile okubangelwa izinguquko ohlelweni lokubonisana lukagesi lwenhliziyo.
- Izinkinga zamavalvu enhliziyo: Ngenxa yokukhula kwenhliziyo, amavalvu enhliziyweni awavaleki kahle bese igazi liqala ukuvuza emuva.
- Amahlule egazi: Amahlule egazi angakheka enhliziyweni ngenxa yokwehla kwesivinini sokuphampa kwenhliziyo. Uma leli hlule legazi liqhuma bese libhajwa emthanjeni ebuchosheni, lingabangela isifo sohlangothi , noma uma libhajwa emthanjeni emaphashini, lingabangela isimo esiyingozi esibizwa ngokuthi i-pulmonary embolism .
- Ukuma Kwenhliziyo Okungazelelwe: Ukuphela kwenhliziyo ngokuzumayo ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwenhliziyo okuyingozi.
Udokotela usithola kanjani lesi sifo?
Uma unezimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla, into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukubona udokotela wakho. Uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho, ukuthi ngabe kukhona yini emndenini wakho onesifo senhliziyo (umlando womndeni), kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha.
Ngemuva kwalokho, udokotela uzokuxilonga. Uzolalela isifuba sakho nge-stethoscope ukuhlola uketshezi emaphashini akho nokulalela imisindo yenhliziyo engavamile (ukububula kwenhliziyo). Udokotela angase ezwe ukububula kwenhliziyo ngaphambi kokuba ube nanoma yiziphi izimpawu.
Ukuhlolwa kokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa
Ngemva kokuhlolwa kwakho ngokomzimba, udokotela wakho uzoncoma ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuqinisekisa isifo, ukuqonda ubukhali baso, nokuhlela ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu ngokufanele.
| Ukuhlolwa | Yini elindelekile kulokhu? |
|---|---|
| I-Echocardiogram | Lesi isivivinyo esibaluleke kakhulu. Kufana nokuskena kwengane. Sisebenzisa amaza omsindo ukukala ukusebenza kwenhliziyo, ubukhulu bamakamelo ayo, nokuthi ipompa igazi kahle kangakanani. |
| I-Electrocardiogram (ECG) | Ukuhlolwa okuqopha umsebenzi kagesi wenhliziyo. Kungabona izimo ezifana ne-arrhythmia. |
| I-X-ray yesifuba | Ungahlola ukuthi inhliziyo inkulu yini kunokuvamile nokuthi uketshezi luqongelelene yini emaphashini. |
| Ukuhlolwa kwegazi | Thola ukuthi kukhona yini umonakalo emisipheni yenhliziyo, kanye nezinye izimbangela ezifana nesifo sikashukela nezinkinga ze-thyroid. |
| Ukuskena kwenhliziyo nge-MRI | Ungathola isithombe esicacile ngobukhulu kanye nokusebenza kwamakamelo enhliziyo. |
| I-Angiogram | Hlola ukuthi imithambo yenhliziyo ivinjiwe yini ehambisa igazi enhliziyweni. |
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-Dilated Cardiomyopathy?
Nakuba kungekho ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo, kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ezingalawula izimpawu, zivimbele inhliziyo yakho ukuba ingabi buthaka, futhi zikusize uphile isikhathi eside. Uma uqala ukwelashwa ngokushesha, umphumela uba ngcono. Ukwelashwa kungahlukaniswa izingxenye ezintathu eziyinhloko.
1. Imithi (izinhlobo zemithi)
Udokotela wakho angase akunike imithi eminingana yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho, ukunciphisa izimpawu, nokuvimbela izinkinga.
- Ama-ACE inhibitors kanye ne-ARNI: Lawa andisa imithambo yegazi, anciphise umfutho wegazi, futhi anciphise umthwalo womsebenzi enhliziyweni.
- Ama-Beta-blocker: Lawula izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo, unike inhliziyo ukuphumula, futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza kwenhliziyo isikhathi eside.
- Imithi yokuhlanza:Lawa abizwa ngokuthi “amaphilisi amanzi.” Asiza ekususeni uketshezi oluningi emzimbeni ngomchamo, anciphise ukuvuvukala kanye nokuphelelwa umoya.
- Izithambisi ze-Aldosterone: Lezi ziwuhlobo lokukhipha isisu. Zisiza ukulawula i-sodium kanye noketshezi emzimbeni.
- Ama-Anticoagulant: Le mithi inikezwa ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka kwegazi enhliziyweni uma kukhona ingozi yokuthi kwakheke.
2. Izinguquko endleleni yokuphila
Imithi yodwa ayanele. Izinguquko ezincane ongazenza empilweni yakho yansuku zonke zingandisa kakhulu impumelelo yokwelashwa.
- Nciphisa usawoti: Usawoti uyimbangela enkulu yokugcina uketshezi emzimbeni. Ukunciphisa usawoti ekudleni kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala nokucindezeleka enhliziyweni.
- Gwema utshwala nezidakamizwa: Njengoba utshwala bulimaza ngqo imisipha yenhliziyo, kubalulekile ukubuyeka ngokuphelele noma ukubunciphisa ngokweseluleko sikadokotela. Izidakamizwa ezifana ne-cocaine kufanele zigwenywe ngokuphelele.
- Ukuzivocavoca okulula: Ungathuthukisa ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yakho ngokuzibandakanya ekuzivocavoceni okulula (isib. ukuhamba) okufanele wena futhi okuvunyelwe udokotela wakho.
- Ukudla okunempilo kwenhliziyo: Yidla imifino eminingi, izithelo, inyama engenamafutha amaningi (inkukhu, inhlanzi), njll. Gwema ukudla okunamafutha amaningi noshukela.
3. Ukuhlinzwa nezinye izinqubo zezokwelapha
Uma lesi sifo sisesigabeni esibi kakhulu futhi kunzima ukusilawula ngemithi yodwa, udokotela angase ancome indlela efana nale.
- I-Biventricular Pacemaker: Idivayisi encane esiza amakamelo enhliziyo ukuthi afinyele ngesikhathi esifanayo, okwandisa ukusebenza kahle kokupompa.
- I-ICD (Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator): Idivayisi ethola i-arrhythmia eyingozi futhi ilethe ukushaqeka okuncane kukagesi enhliziyweni ukuze kubuyiselwe isigqi senhliziyo.
- I-LVAD (Idivayisi Yokusiza Nge-Ventricular Yesobunxele): Iphampu yomshini esiza iphampu yenhliziyo. Lokhu kuvame ukusetshenziswa okwesikhashana ezigulini ezilindele ukufakelwa inhliziyo.
- Ukufakelwa Inhliziyo: Inketho yokugcina ecatshangelwa iziguli ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, lapho zonke ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zehlulekile.
Yini okufanele uyilindele uma uphila nalesi sifo?
Ukubikezela kwakho kuncike embangela yesifo, ubukhulu besifo, nokuthi uqala nini ukwelashwa. Ngokwelashwa okufanele kanye nokushintsha kwendlela yokuphila, abantu abaningi bangaphila impilo evamile futhi baqhubeke nomsebenzi wabo.
Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu, izimpawu zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi kungadingeka ukuthi bangeniswe esibhedlela ukuze bathole ukwelashwa.
Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo kungcono kakhulu manje kunaseminyakeni embalwa edlule. Ngezindlela zokwelapha ezithuthukisiwe zanamuhla, abantu abangaphezu kuka-80% abanalesi sifo basaphila kahle ngemva kweminyaka engu-8 ngaphandle kokudinga ukufakelwa inhliziyo.
Kufanele uzinakekele kanjani?
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uzinakekele kulolu hambo.
- Landela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho: Thatha umuthi wakho njengoba uyalelwe, ngesikhathi esifanele, nangesilinganiso esifanele. Ungaphuthelwa usuku olulodwa.
- Zikalele nsuku zonke: Zikalele ngesikhathi esifanayo njalo ekuseni bese ubhala phansi isisindo sakho. Ukwanda kwesisindo ngokuzumayo ngosuku olulodwa noma ezimbili kungasho ukuthi uthola isisindo samanzi. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha.
- Yiya emitholampilo ehleliwe: Qiniseka ukuthi uya emtholampilo ngezinsuku udokotela athi uzofika ngazo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqapha isimo sakho.
- Lalela umzimba wakho: Uma uzizwa sengathi izimpawu zakho ziya ziba zimbi kakhulu, isibonelo, uma unenkinga yokuphefumula noma uma imilenze yakho ivuvukala, ungakushayi indiva lokho bese wazisa udokotela wakho.
Kuvamile ukuzizwa wesaba futhi udabuke uma uthola ukuthi unenkinga yenhliziyo. Kodwa khumbula, awuwedwa. Ngezindlela zokwelapha zanamuhla, lesi simo singaphathwa kahle. Khuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho nganoma yiziphi izinkinga noma ukukhathazeka ongase ube nakho. Wena nodokotela wakho nisohambweni ndawonye.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-Dilated Cardiomyopathy yisimo esibi lapho imisipha yenhliziyo iba buthakathaka khona bese inhliziyo ikhula.
- Ungazinaki izimpawu ezifana nokukhathala okungachazeki, ukuphelelwa umoya, kanye nokuvuvukala kwemilenze.
- Lokhu kungathonywa yizici eziningi, njengezimbangela zofuzo, izifo, umfutho wegazi ophakeme, kanye nemikhuba yokuphila.
- Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa kungaletha imiphumela emihle kakhulu.
- Ukwelashwa kudinga imithi, izinguquko zendlela yokuphila, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlinzwa.
- Kubalulekile ukulandela imiyalelo kadokotela wakho ngqo futhi uye emitholampilo ngezinsuku ezihleliwe.
💬 Comments (0)
Awekho amazwana athunyelwe okwamanje. Faka amazwana akho lapha okokuqala ngqa.
Engeza amazwana akho