Ingabe ngezinye izikhathi umane uphethwe yisisu? Noma uzizwa ukhathele ngendlela engavamile ngaphandle kwesizathu esithile? Mhlawumbe ucabanga ukuthi kuyinto ehlobene nalokho okudlayo kulezi zinsuku, noma mhlawumbe kuyisimo se-gastritis. Yilokho okungaba yikho ezimweni eziningi. Kodwa, nakuba kungavamile, lezi zimpawu zingaba uphawu lomdlavuza ongavamile, ongajwayelekile. Yilokho esizokhuluma ngakho namuhla. Yilokho i-GIST, noma i-Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor. Ungesabi uma uzwa igama, sizokhuluma ngakho konke kalula nangokucacile.
Kalula nje, iyini le GIST?
I-GIST imele i- Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor . Ake sihlukanise la magama.
- Isisu: Lokhu kubhekisela ohlelweni lwethu lokugaya ukudla. Okusho ukuthi, indlela ukudla esikudlayo okudlula ngayo - umlomo, umphimbo, isisu, amathumbu amancane, kanye namathumbu amakhulu.
- I-Stromal: Lokhu kubhekisela ohlotsheni olukhethekile lwezicubu ezitholakala ezindongeni zezitho zethu futhi kusebenza njengokusekela lezo zitho.
- Isimila: Cishe uke wezwa ngalesi. Lokhu kusho isimila.
Kalula nje, i-GIST iyisimila somdlavuza esiqala ohlotsheni olukhethekile lweseli odongeni lwesitho ohlelweni lwethu lokugaya ukudla (ngokuvamile isisu noma amathumbu amancane).
Lolu uhlobo lomdlavuza olungavamile oluyingxenye yeqembu lama-sarcoma ezicubu ezithambile. Ezindongeni zamathumbu ethu, kunezingqamuzana ezikhethekile ezibizwa ngokuthi "amaseli angaphakathi eCajal." Cabanga ngala maseli njengomenzi we-pacemaker wamathumbu ethu. Lawa maseli asiza ukulawula ukufinyela kwesigqi okudingekayo ukuze kusunduzwe ukudla emathunjini. Izimila ze-GIST zakheka lapho kukhona iphutha kula maseli, okubangela ukuba ahlukane ngokungalawuleki.
Lezi zinhlayiya ngezinye izikhathi zingaba zincane njenge-pensele eraser. Uma zincane, zingahlala iminyaka eminingi ngaphandle kokubonisa izimpawu. Kodwa-ke, ezinye izinhlayiya zikhula kancane kancane futhi ziqale ukubangela izimpawu ezisibangela ukungakhululeki.
Yiziphi izimpawu ezingaba khona ze-GIST?
Esikhathini esiningi, la mathumba atholakala ngengozi ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa noma ukuhlinzwa okwenziwe ngesinye isizathu, ngaphandle kwezimpawu. Kodwa uma kuvela izimpawu, zingabonakala kanje. Ake sizibeke etafuleni okulula ukuliqonda.
| Isibonakaliso | Indlela ongase uzizwe ngayo |
|---|---|
| Ubuhlungu besisu noma ukungakhululeki | Kungaba ubuhlungu besisu, umuzwa wokugcwala, noma umuzwa wokuthi kukhona okubambeke endaweni eyodwa. |
| Ukopha lapho uya endlini yangasese | Lokhu kungaba bomvu, njengegazi. Noma kungaba mnyama, kube lukhuni, futhi kunamathele. Lokhu kungenxa yokopha engxenyeni engenhla yesisu. |
| Ukuhlanza igazi | Uma uhlanza, ungase ubone igazi elibomvu noma into emnyama efana nekhofi eligayiwe. |
| Ukukhathala | Lokhu akukhona ukukhathala nje kuphela. Kuwumuzwa wokukhathala usuku lonke ongapheli ngisho nangemva kokulala kahle ebusuku. Lesi simo singabangelwa yi-anemia, okuyisimo esibangelwa ukopha kwangaphakathi. |
| Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kokuzama | Uma wehlisa isisindo ngokuzumayo ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukudla noma ukuzivocavoca, noma ngabe udla ngendlela evamile, kuyinto okufanele uyikhathalele. |
| Ukulahlekelwa yisifiso sokudla kanye nokuqunjelwa | Ungase ungazizwa sengathi ufuna ukudla, uzizwe usuthi ngisho nangemva kokudla kancane, noma ube nobunzima bokuya endlini yangasese. |
Khumbula, akubona bonke abanalezi zimpawu abane-GIST. Lezi zivamile kwezinye izifo eziningi. Kodwa uma lezi zimpawu ziqhubeka, kungcono ukubona udokotela ukuze ahlolwe.
Kungani le GIST ithuthuka? Iyini imbangela?
Ezimweni eziningi, imbangela eyinhloko ye-GIST ushintsho kwelinye lamajini ethu. Cabanga ngamajini emzimbeni wethu njengencwadi yemiyalelo ukuze imizimba yethu ikhule futhi isebenze. Kukhona ikhasi kule ncwadi yemiyalelo elibizwa ngokuthi `(ijini le-KIT)`. Ngokwemiyalelo ekuleli khasi, amaseli abizwa ngokuthi `(amaseli angaphakathi kwe-Cajal)` esikhulume ngawo ngaphambili ayakhiwa futhi alawulwa.
Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, uhlamvu noma igama libhalwa kabi kuleli khasi elithi `(KIT gene)`. Kufana nephutha lokuthayipha. Kwezokwelapha, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi `(mutation)`. Ngenxa yaleli phutha, i-KIT gene inikeza imiyalelo engalungile yokukhiqiza iphrotheni ekhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi `(KIT CD117)`. Ngenxa yale phrotheni engalungile, lawo maseli ahlala ethola isignali yokuthi "qhubeka uhlukana, qhubeka uhlukana." Yilapho lawo maseli ekhula ngokungalawuleki futhi akhe isimila.
Lezi zinguquko zofuzo zivame ukwenzeka ngokungahleliwe phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwethu. Okusho ukuthi, aziyona into esizalwa nayo.
Kodwa-ke, akuvamile kakhulu, lesi simo singahlotshaniswa nezimo zofuzo ezidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane. Ezinye zalezi zimo zifaka:
- I-Familial GIST syndrome: Lesi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu. Kulesi simo, ingane izuza ifa le-KIT elingalungile kumzali oyedwa. Kulesi simo, izimila ze-GIST zingakhula zisencane, noma zingakhula izimila ezingaphezu kwesisodwa.
- Uhlobo 1 lwe-Neurofibromatosis: Lokhu futhi kuyisimo sofuzo. Kubangela ukwakheka kwamathumba ezicutshini zemizwa yomzimba. Abantu abanalesi simo basengozini enkulu kancane yokuthola i-GIST kunabantu abaningi.
- I-Carney-Stratakis syndrome: Lesi futhi yisimo esingavamile kakhulu, esizuzwa njengefa. Abantu abanalesi simo nabo basengozini enkulu yokuthola i-GIST.
Odokotela bayixilonga kanjani i-GIST?
Uma uya kudokotela onezimpawu ezishiwo ngenhla, uzoqala ngokukubuza ngezimpawu zakho. Sekuyisikhathi esingakanani zikhona, zizizwa kanjani, njll. Ngemuva kwalokho uzokuhlola. Ngaphezu kwalokho, uzoncoma ukuhlolwa okuningana ukuze kutholakale imbangela eqondile yalesi sifo.
Ukuhlolwa okuyinhloko okwenziwe
- I-endoscopy ephezulu: Lokhu kuvame ukuba ukuhlolwa kokuqala okwenziwayo. Kalula nje, ithubhu enekhamera encane enamathiselwe kuyo ifakwa ngomlomo bese kuhlolwa umphimbo, isisu, kanye nengxenye yokuqala yamathumbu amancane. Lokhu kungahlola ngqo izimila kanye nokopha.
- I-CT scan: Lokhu kuthatha izithombe ezihlukanisayo zengaphakathi lomzimba wethu. Kufana nokusika ucezu lwesinkwa. Lokhu kungabonisa ngokucacile ubukhulu besimila, indawo yaso, nokuthi ngabe sisakazekele yini kwezinye izitho zomzimba, njengesibindi.
- Ukuhlolwa kwebhayoloji:Lesi isivivinyo esibaluleke kakhulu sokuqinisekisa lesi sifo isikhathi esingu-100%. Ngesikhathi se-endoscopy noma enye indlela, kuthathwa ingxenye encane kakhulu yezicubu esigaxeni esisolisayo. Ngemuva kwalokho, izicubu zihlolwa ngaphansi kwe-microscope elabhorethri ukuze kubonakale ukuthi zingamaseli e-GIST yini.
- Ukuskena kwe-PET: Kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona ukusola ukuthi umdlavuza ususakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, lokhu kuhlolwa kungenziwa.
Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha i-GIST?
Ukwelashwa kwe-GIST kuncike ngobukhulu besimila, indawo yaso, nokuthi ngabe sisakazekele kwezinye izindawo. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zokwelapha.
1. Ukuhlinzwa:
Ezimweni eziningi, ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu kwezimila ze-GIST ukususa isimila ngokuphelele ngokuhlinzwa. Uma isimila sincane futhi singasakazekelanga kwezinye izindawo, ukuhlinzwa kuphela kungasiqeda ngokuphelele lesi sifo.
2. Ukwelashwa Okuqondiwe:
Lena yinto entsha kakhulu ngokwelashwa kwe-GIST. Ngokungafani ne-chemotherapy ejwayelekile, le mithi ifana "namabhomu ahlakaniphile." Ihlose ngqo iphrotheni ye-KIT enephutha esikhulume ngayo ekuqaleni. Ngakho-ke, kunomonakalo omncane kakhulu kumaseli anempilo.
- Ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa: Uma isimila sikhulu kakhulu futhi kunzima ukusihlinza, lokhu kwelashwa okuqondisiwe kuqala bese kwenziwa ukuhlinzwa ngemva kokuba isimila sesinciphile.
- Ngemva kokuhlinzwa: Uma kukhona ingozi yokuthi lesi sifo siphinde sivele ngemva kokuhlinzwa, le mithi nayo inikezwa ukunciphisa leyo ngozi.
- Uma umdlavuza ususakazeke kakhulu: Uma isimila sesisakazeke kakhulu ukuba singasuswa, kungadingeka ukuthi uthathe le mithi impilo yakho yonke ukuze ulawule lesi sifo futhi unciphise izimpawu.
Yini ongayilindela uma uphila nesifo se-GIST?
Ngemva kokwelashwa, izimpawu zingase zithuthuke, futhi ngezinye izikhathi lesi sifo singase selapheke ngokuphelele. Kodwa-ke, i-GIST yisimo esinethuba lokubuya. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuhlala uthintana nodokotela wakho womdlavuza ozokunakekela ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa.
Uzoba nokuhlolwa kokulandelela nodokotela wakho njalo ezinyangeni ezi-3 kuya kwezi-6. Phakathi nalezi zikhathi, kuzokwenziwa izivivinyo ukuze kuhlolwe izimpawu zokuphinda kwesifo.
- `Ukuskena kwe-CT`
- `Izikrini ze-MRI`
- `Ukuskena kwe-PET`
Senza izivivinyo ezinjengalezi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi konke kuhamba kahle.
Uma ukhuluma ngomdlavuza, kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa ngezibalo ezifana nokuthi "Izinga Lokusinda". Ngokwe-GIST, jikelele, idatha ikhombisa ukuthi abantu abangu-85% bayaphila eminyakeni emi-5 ngemuva kokuxilongwa. Kodwa ungakhathazeki ngezibalo ezinjalo. Lezi yizilinganiso nje ezisekelwe kudatha evela ezinkulungwaneni zeziguli. Isimo sakho singase sihluke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, khuluma ngokukhululekile nodokotela wakho ngesimo sakho, impumelelo yokwelashwa kwakho, nokuthi yini ongayilindela. Uzokunikeza ulwazi oluhlukile kuwe.
Ngenxa yokuthi i-GIST iyisimo esingavamile, kuvamile ukuzizwa ushaqekile futhi wesaba uma uthola ngakho. Kodwa khumbula, manje kunezindlela zokwelapha eziphumelela kakhulu zalesi simo. Awuwedwa. Ithimba lakho lezokwelapha, umndeni, nabangani bakho bonke bakhona ukukusiza. Funda ngalesi sifo, ubuze imibuzo, futhi ubhekane nokwelashwa ngendlela enhle.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-GIST (Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor) uhlobo olungavamile lwesimila esinomdlavuza esakheka ezindongeni zesimiso sethu sokugaya ukudla.
- Ngokuvamile azikho izimpawu, kodwa izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu besisu, ukukhathala, igazi esitulweni, kanye nokwehla kwesisindo zingase zibe khona.
- Uma unalezi zimpawu, ungesabi futhi ubone udokotela ngokushesha.
- Imbangela eyinhloko ye-GIST ushintsho (ukuguquka) kwezakhi zofuzo.
- Lesi sifo singalawulwa futhi selapheke ngokuhlinzwa kanye nokwelashwa okuqondiswe ngqo okuphumelelayo kakhulu.
- Ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandelwa ngesikhathi esihleliwe.
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