Kuyini i-HNPCC (i-Heroditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer)? Ingabe ukhona umlando womdlavuza emndenini wakho?

Ngezinye izikhathi sibona amalungu amaningana omndeni eba nohlobo olufanayo lomdlavuza. Noma kuthiwa amalungu omndeni ofanayo asengozini enkulu yokuthola lesi sifo. Yilokho esizokhuluma ngakho namuhla. Nakuba lesi kuyisihloko esiyinkimbinkimbi kancane, ake sizame ukusiqonda kalula.

Iyini i-HNPCC ne-Lynch Syndrome?

Kalula nje, i-HNPCC (i-Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer) uhlobo lomdlavuza we-colorectal obangelwa ukushintshashintsha kwezakhi zofuzo. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi izakhi zofuzo ezithile esizizuza kubazali bethu zisenza sibe namathuba amaningi okuthuthukisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza.

Kungenzeka ukuthi uke wezwa nge- Lynch syndrome, ebizwa nangokuthi i-Lynch syndrome . I-HNPCC kanye ne-Lynch syndrome empeleni zihlobene, kodwa azifani ncamashi. Sibhekisela ngqo ku-HNPCC njengomdlavuza ohlobene ne-Lynch syndrome otholakala ungakafiki eminyakeni engu-50. Lokhu kungabandakanyi umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu kuphela, kodwa futhi nomdlavuza wolwelwesi lwesibeletho (i-endometrium), amathumbu amancane, i-ureter, kanye ne-renal pelvis. Ku-HNPCC, umdlavuza uvame kakhulu ohlangothini lwesokudla lwe-colon.

Ivame kangakanani i-HNPCC?

I-HNPCC iphakathi kuka- 2% no-4% wabo bonke umdlavuza we-colorectal. Ingavela kunoma yimuphi ubudala, kodwa izimpawu zivame ukuvela futhi lesi sifo sitholakala singakafiki eminyakeni engu-50.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-HNPCC?

Ezigabeni zokuqala, i-HNPCC ingase ingabingeli zimpawu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi umdlavuza ungakhula emzimbeni wakho ngaphandle kokuthi uzizwe lutho. Kodwa njengoba umdlavuza ukhula, ungase ube nezimpawu ezifana nalezi:

• Ubuhlungu besisu noma ukuqunjelwa.
• Ukudla akunambitheki.
• Igazi esitulweni. (Lolu uphawu olubaluleke kakhulu, ungalushayi indiva!)
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele ngaso sonke isikhathi (Ukukhathala).
• Ukwehlisa isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile.

Yiziphi izimbangela ze-HNPCC?

Njengoba sishilo ngaphambili, i-HNPCC ibangelwa ukushintshashintsha kwezakhi zofuzo okuzuzwe njengefa kubazali bethu. Uma lezi ziphambeko zezakhi zofuzo zidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane, ingozi yokuba nomdlavuza iyanda kulowo mndeni. Lokhu sikubiza ngokuthi 'i-family cancer syndrome'.

Isifo somdlavuza womndeni esiyinhloko esibangela i-HNPCC yi -Lynch syndrome . Sibangelwa izinguquko ezakhiweni ze- MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, kanye ne-EPCAM . Umsebenzi walezi zakhi zofuzo ukulungisa amaphutha ayenzeka ngesikhathi sokuphindaphinda kwe-DNA lapho amangqamuzana ethu ehlukana. Cabanga nje, uma lezi zakhi zofuzo zingasebenzi kahle, lawo maphutha awalungiswa. Khona-ke amathuba okuba amangqamuzana avamile abe amangqamuzana omdlavuza aphezulu kakhulu.

Ingabe i-HNPCC iyathelelana?

Cha, i-HNPCC ayisona isifo esithelelanayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ayisabalali kusuka komunye umuntu kuya komunye ngokuthinta noma ukuthimula. Kodwa-ke, ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okubangela i-HNPCC kudluliselwa kusuka esizukulwaneni kuya kwesinye . Ngakho-ke, amalungu amaningana emindeni enalokhu kuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo angase abe nomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu noma eminye imidlavuza ehlobene ne-Lynch syndrome.

Into ebalulekile ukuthi lesi sakhi sofuzo esingenasici kanye nengozi yokuthola i-HNPCC kungazuzwa kubazali kuya ezinganeni.

Odokotela bawuthola kanjani umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu?

Odokotela bavame ukwenza ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba ukuze bahlole umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu. Bese bencoma i-colonoscopy , ehilela ukufaka ipayipi elincane, elikhanyisiwe nge-anus yakho ukuze kuhlolwe ingaphakathi lamathumbu amakhulu.

Uma kukhona emndenini wakho one-HNPCC, kufanele utshele udokotela wakho . Kubaluleke kakhulu.

Yiziphi izivivinyo ezenziwayo ukuqinisekisa i-HNPCC?

Udokotela wakho angase ancome ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo ukuze kutholakale ukuthi une-gene mutation ehlobene ne-Lynch syndrome. Udokotela wakho uzobuza futhi ngalokhu:

• Ingabe ukhona emndenini wakho oseduze (umama, ubaba, izingane zakini) owake waba nomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu? Ikakhulukazi uma watholakala ungakafiki eminyakeni engu-50.
• Futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi awunaso esinye isifo somdlavuza wamathumbu esizuzwe njengefa esibizwa ngokuthi i-Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) , esibangelwa ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okuhlukile kune-HNPCC.

Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kuyadingeka kwi-HNPCC?

Yebo, i-HNPCC ivame ukwelashwa ngokuhlinzwa. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kubizwa ngokuthi i-colectomy . Kuhilela ukususa ingxenye noma wonke amathumbu amakhulu. Kunezinhlobo eziningana zokuhlinzwa:

• Ukususwa kwe-colectomy okungaphelele noma i-segmental colectomy: Kulokhu, kususwa ingxenye yekholoni enomdlavuza kuphela.
• Ukususwa kwesisu: Lokhu kuhilela ukususa ikholoni kanye ne-rectum.
• I-colectomy ephelele: Kulokhu, wonke umathumbu amakhulu uyasuswa.

Yiziphi ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo ze-HNPCC?

Uma umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu ususakazeke (wasakazeka) kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukwelashwa okufana nalokhu:

• Ukwelashwa ngamakhemikhali: Lokhu kuhilela ukunikeza imithi yokubhubhisa amangqamuzana omdlavuza.
• Ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy: Lokhu kuhilela ukuvuselela amasosha omzimba wethu ukuze alwe namaseli omdlavuza.

Odokotela bavame ukukhetha ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy ngoba kuvame ukusebenza kahle futhi kunemiphumela emibi embalwa.

Ingabe i-HNPCC ingavinjelwa?

Lezi zimpawu zomdlavuza womndeni zibangelwa ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okuzuzwe njengefa. Ngakho-ke, ayikho indlela yokuvimbela lokhu kuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo ukuthi kungenzeki . Kodwa-ke, uma othile emndenini wakho ene-Lynch syndrome noma i-HNPCC, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nokuthi kufanele yini nawe uhlolwe izakhi zofuzo.

Ukuhlolwa njalo, futhi uma kudingeka, ukuhlinzwa kokuvimbela kunganciphisa ingozi yokufa kubantu abane-HNPCC.

Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi ngisengozini yokuthola i-HNPCC?

Uma ukuhlolwa kwezakhi zofuzo kuqinisekisa ukuthi une-gene mutation ehlotshaniswa ne-Lynch syndrome, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuthi uhlolwe umdlavuza we-colorectal kusukela eminyakeni yakho yama-20 . Uma umdlavuza utholakala kusenesikhathi, amathuba okwelashwa okuphumelelayo aphezulu kakhulu.

Uma ngine-HNPCC, yini enye okufanele ngiyilindele?

Uma une-HNPCC, ungase ube sengozini enkulu yokuthola eminye imidlavuza ehlobene ne-HNPCC. Ngakho-ke udokotela wakho angase futhi akuhlole njalo ngalezi zinhlobo zomdlavuza:

• Umdlavuza wobuchopho
• Umdlavuza wezinso
• Umdlavuza wesibindi
• Umdlavuza wesibeletho
• Umdlavuza wesisu
• Umdlavuza wesikhumba
• Umdlavuza wesibeletho/we-Endometrial

Ingabe i-HNPCC ingelapheka?

I-Lynch syndrome ayinakwelapheka ngokuphelele ngoba iyisimo sofuzo. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlinzwa kokususa ikholoni lonke (i-total colectomy) kungayilapha i-HNPCC futhi kuvimbele ukukhula komdlavuza wekholoni .

Iyini inkomba yokubikezela kubantu abane-HNPCC?

Cishe abantu abangu-60% abatholakale bene-HNPCC basaphila ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu . Lokho kusho ukuthi iziguli ezingu-60 kwezingu-100 zisaphila ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu zitholakale zine-HNPCC. Izinga lokusinda leminyaka eyi-10 kubantu abane-Lynch syndrome liphakathi kuka-70% no-88%. Lezi zibalo zingase zibonakale ziyesabeka, kodwa khumbula ukuthi ngokutholwa kusenesikhathi kanye nokwelashwa okufanele, lesi simo singalawulwa kakhulu .

Ngingazinakekela kanjani uma ngine-HNPCC?

Uma unezimpawu ezintsha zomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu, tshela udokotela wakho ngokushesha . Ukuze usize ekuvimbeleni umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu, ungenza lezi zinto:

• Gwema ukubhema.
• Yidla ukudla okunempilo.
• Vivinya umzimba njalo.
• Thola zonke izivivinyo zomdlavuza ezinconywe udokotela wakho.
• Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala.
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo.

Ingabe ingane yami isengozini yokuthola i-HNPCC?

Uma une-Lynch syndrome, ingane yakho inethuba elingu-50% lokuthola ifa lokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okubangela lokhu. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uma unezingane ezimbili, enye ingase ithole ifa lokuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo kanti enye ingase ingabi nalo. Uma ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okunjalo kuzuzwe njengefa, leyo ngane isengozini enkulu yokuthola i-HNPCC.

Ingabe umdlavuza wamathumbu i-FAP ne-HNPCC ziyafana?

I-HNPCC kanye ne -FAP (Familial Adenomatous Polyposis) zombili ziyizinhlobo zomdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu, kodwa zibangelwa izinguquko ezakhiweni ezahlukene zofuzo .

Abantu abane-FAP bahlakulela ama-polyp amaningi emathunjini abo. Ngezinye izikhathi kuba nezinkulungwane zalezi zimila ezincane ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-polyp. Kodwa-ke, abantu abane-HNPCC abathuthuki ama-polyp amaningi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi umdlavuza ungakhula ngaphandle kokuba nama-polyp. Ama-polyp akhula ku-HNPCC ngokuvamile ayisicaba.

Ama-polyp akhula kuzo zombili lezi zimo abhekwa njengangaphambi komdlavuza , okusho ukuthi angaphenduka umdlavuza esikhathini esifushane.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okudingeka sizikhumbule kule ndaba yilezi:

I-HNPCC (i-Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer) uhlobo lomdlavuza we-colorectal obangelwa yisici sofuzo esidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni ngezizukulwane. Iphinde ihlotshaniswe ne-Lynch syndrome.

• Uma kunomlando womndeni womdlavuza, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho ngawo.
• Ngisho noma ungenazo izimpawu, uma usengozini , thola ukuhlolwa njalo.
• Uma kutholakala kusenesikhathi, ukwelashwa cishe kuzophumelela.
• I-HNPCC ayisona isifo esithathelwanayo, kodwa ingazuzwa ngofuzo.
• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphila impilo enempilo nokulandela iseluleko sezokwelapha.

Uma uneminye imibuzo mayelana nalokhu, ungesabi ukubuza udokotela wakho. Bazokusiza.

I - HNPCC, i-Lynch syndrome, umdlavuza we-colorectal, umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu, umdlavuza wamathumbu amakhulu, ukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo, umdlavuza ozuzwe njengefa, ukuhlolwa komdlavuza, i-colonoscopy, ukuhlinzwa, i-chemotherapy, ukwelashwa nge-immunotherapy