Ingabe uzizwa ukhathele kakhulu futhi uphelelwa umoya ngisho noma uhamba ibanga elifushane? Kuvamile ukuthi lezi zimpawu zenzeke lapho ukusebenza kwenhliziyo kubuthakathaka kakhulu, okungukuthi, ekuhlulekeni okukhulu kwenhliziyo. Inhliziyo ilahlekelwa amandla ayidingayo ukuze ipompe igazi emzimbeni wonke. Ngakho-ke ngezikhathi ezinjengalezi, ngentuthuko emangalisayo kwesayensi yezokwelapha, kukhona idivayisi ekhethekile engasiza inhliziyo yakho. Sizokhuluma ngayo namuhla. Leyo idivayisi ebizwa ngokuthi i-LVAD (Left Ventricular Assist Device).
Kalula nje, iyini le LVAD?
I-LVAD iyiphampu yomshini efakwa ngokuhlinzwa emzimbeni weziguli ezinezinkinga zenhliziyo ezisezingeni lokugcina. Ngamanye amazwi, ifana 'nomsizi' osiza inhliziyo yakho.
Inhliziyo yethu inezindawo ezine eziyinhloko. Ephansi kwesobunxele ibizwa ngokuthi i-Left Ventricle . Yiyona eyenza umsebenzi oyinhloko wokupompa igazi elinomoya-mpilo liye kuwo wonke umzimba. Ngakho-ke, ekuhlaselweni yinhliziyo, le ventricle yesobunxele iba buthakathaka. Lokho okwenziwa yi-LVAD ukusiza leyo ventricle yesobunxele ebuthakathaka. Yingakho ibizwa ngokuthi i-Left Ventricular Assist Device.
Le phampu ixhunywe engxenyeni engezansi yenhliziyo, ithathe igazi lapho, bese ilithumela ngepayipi liye e-aorta . I-aorta iwumthambo wegazi omkhulu kunayo yonke emzimbeni wethu. Ukusuka lapho, igazi elinomoya-mpilo lisakazeka kuwo wonke umzimba. Ngakho-ke i-LVAD iyasiza ekwenzeni lo msebenzi obalulekile.
Into ebalulekile ukuthi i-LVAD akuyona inhliziyo yokwenziwa. Akuyona into oyisusa bese uyitshala enhliziyweni yakho. Kunalokho, iyithuluzi elisebenza kanye nenhliziyo yakho futhi eliyisekelayo.
Yiziphi izingxenye eziyinhloko ze-LVAD?
Uhlelo lwe-LVAD luqukethe izingxenye eziningana eziyinhloko. Zonke lezi zingxenye zisebenza ndawonye ukuze le divayisi emangalisayo isebenze. Ake sibheke ukuthi ziyini lezo zingxenye.
| Ingxenye yedivayisi | Incazelo elula |
|---|---|
| Iphampu | Lena yingxenye eyinhloko. Le phampu ifakwa ngokuhlinzwa ngaphakathi esifubeni futhi yiyo ethatha igazi elivela e-ventricle yesobunxele yenhliziyo bese ilipompa liye e-aorta. |
| Umzila wokushayela | Lena ikhebula elikhethekile. Lisuka empompini ngaphakathi emzimbeni, liphume ngesikhumba esiswini, bese lixhuma kusilawuli ngaphandle. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyinakekela kahle nokuyigcina ihlanzekile. |
| Isilawuli | Lokhu kufana nekhompyutha encane. Iyidivayisi egcinwe ngaphandle komzimba. Ilawula ukusebenza kwephampu, ishintsha isivinini sayo, futhi ikhipha ama-alamu uma kunenkinga. |
| Ukunikezwa kwamandla kagesi | I-LVAD idinga ugesi ukuze isebenze. Isebenzisa amabhethri aphinde ashajwe. Lawa mabhethri anganikeza amandla cishe amahora ayi-14. Uma ibhethri lishajwa kancane, udinga ukulishintsha ngamabhethri amasha. Ungalixhuma ngqo endaweni kagesi ekhaya. |
Ubani odinga le LVAD?
I-LVAD ivame ukusetshenziswa ezimweni ezimbili eziyinhloko. Udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela isimo sakho bese enquma ukuthi iyiphi indlela engcono kakhulu kuwe.
1. Njengebhuloho lokufakelwa inhliziyo (Ibhuloho lokufakelwa - BTT)
Ezinye iziguli zidinga ukufakelwa inhliziyo. Kodwa kufanele zilinde isikhashana kuze kube yilapho kutholakala inhliziyo ehambisanayo enikelayo. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, isimo sesiguli singase sibe sibi kakhulu. Ezinye izitho zomzimba, njengezinso nesibindi, nazo zingase zonakale.
Ezimweni ezinjalo, i-LVAD isebenza "njengebhuloho" lokugcina isiguli siphilile futhi sinamandla kuze kube yilapho inhliziyo itholakala . Lokhu kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphila kwesiguli, kunciphisa izimpawu, futhi kubanike amandla okuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo ngempumelelo. Idivayisi ye-LVAD iyasuswa ngesikhathi sokufakelwa inhliziyo.
2. Njengendlela yokugcina (Ukwelashwa Kokuya - DT)
Ezinye iziguli azifaneleki ukufakelwa inhliziyo ngenxa yokuguga noma ezinye izinkinga zempilo. Uma ukusebenza kwenhliziyo yazo kuhlala kuqinile naphezu kwazo zonke ezinye izindlela zokwelapha, okuhlanganisa imithi kanye nezinguquko zendlela yokuphila, zingadinga ukwesekwa impilo yazo yonke.Kufakwa i-LVAD.
Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-Destination Therapy. Lapha, i-LVAD isekela inhliziyo impilo yonke yesiguli, ibavumela ukuba baphile impilo engcono nesebenzayo.
Ungazilungiselela kanjani ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwe-LVAD?
Isinqumo sokufaka i-LVAD asithathwa ngobusuku obubodwa. Ithimba lodokotela lizokuhlola kahle. Ngenxa yalokhu, kuzokwenziwa izivivinyo eziningana, okuhlanganisa:
- I-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram): Ukuhlola ukusebenza kukagesi kwenhliziyo.
- I-X-ray yesifuba: Ukubona isimo senhliziyo namaphaphu.
- Ukuhlolwa kwegazi: Ukulinganisa impilo iyonke yomzimba, ukusebenza kwezinso kanye nesibindi.
- I-Echocardiogram: Iskeni sokubona ukuthi amakamelo enhliziyo nama-valve asebenza kanjani nokuthi ampompa kanjani igazi.
- Ukuhlolwa kokucindezeleka kwe-Metabolic: Ukubona ukuthi inhliziyo isabela kanjani ekuzivocavoceni.
- Ukufakwa kwe-catheter emithanjeni yenhliziyo: Ukuhlola ukuvaleka kanye nokucindezeleka emithanjeni yegazi yenhliziyo.
Futhi, kunezimo ezithile zezokwelapha ezenza i-LVAD implant ingafaneleki. Isibonelo:
- Izifo zokujiya kwegazi
- Ukwehluleka kwezinso kwesigaba sokugcina
- Isifo sesibindi esibi kakhulu
- Isifo samaphaphu esibi kakhulu
- Izifo ezingakwazi ukulawulwa ngama-antibiotic
Indlela yokuhlinzwa kanye nesikhathi esilandela
Ukufakelwa kwe-LVAD kuyindlela yokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile. Kuthatha amahora angu-4 kuya kwangu-6. Ungaphansi kwe-anesthesia, okusho ukuthi ulele ngokuphelele, phakathi nokuhlinzwa.
Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, kuzodingeka uhlale esibhedlela cishe amasonto amabili kuya kwamathathu. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, odokotela, abahlengikazi, kanye namaqembu ochwepheshe bazokufundisa ukuthi ungaphila kanjani ngedivayisi ye-LVAD.
- Indlela idivayisi esebenza ngayo
- Indlela yokushintsha ibhethri
- Indlela yokugcina inxeba lihlanzekile lapho umugqa wokushayela uphuma khona
- Okufanele ukwenze esimweni esiphuthumayo
Kuphela ngemva kokuqinisekiswa ukuthi uyakwazi ngokugcwele ukwenza zonke lezi zinto lapho uzovunyelwa khona ukuya ekhaya.
Impilo ene-LVAD
Impilo yakho izoshintsha kancane ngemva kokubuyela ekhaya, kodwa ungaphila ngempumelelo ngalezo zinguquko.
- Ukugeza: Awukwazi ukugeza, ukubhukuda, noma ukucwilisa idivayisi emanzini nge-LVAD. Kodwa-ke, kunemishini ekhethekile engakusiza ukuthi ugeze.
- Imithi: Kuzodingeka uphuze imithi yokunciphisa ukugabha kwegazi impilo yakho yonke. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu.
- Ukudla: Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela ukudla okunempilo.
- Ukuzivocavoca:Ungahlanganyela ezinhlelweni zokuvuselela inhliziyo futhi uhlanganyele ekuzivocavoceni okufanele, njengoba kuqondiswe udokotela wakho.
- Indlela yokuphila enempilo: Ukubhema nokuphuza utshwala kufanele kuyekwe ngokuphelele.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi ze-LVAD?
Njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, ukufakwa kwe-LVAD kunezinzuzo kanye nezingozi ezithile.
Izinzuzo eziyinhloko
- Ukwehla okukhulu kwezimpawu ezifana nokuphelelwa umoya nokukhathala.
- Ukunikezwa kwegazi okuthuthukisiwe kwezinye izitho ezifana nezinso, isibindi kanye nobuchopho.
- Ukukwazi ukuphuma esibhedlela, ukuya ekhaya, nokuchitha isikhathi nomndeni wami.
- Ikhono elanele lokuzivocavoca nokuzibandakanya emisebenzini yansuku zonke.
- Sekukonke, izinga lokuphila lithuthuke kakhulu .
- Isikhathi sokuphila salabo abaphila nedivayisi ye-LVAD siyanda uma siqhathaniswa nalabo abathola ukwelashwa ngemithi kuphela.
Izingozi ezingaba khona
Ukuhlinzwa ngakunye kunezingozi. Udokotela wakho uzokhuluma nawe ngendlela yokunciphisa lezi zingozi nokuthi zikuthinta kanjani.
| Isimo sengozi | Incazelo |
|---|---|
| Ukutheleleka | Ukutheleleka kungavela, ikakhulukazi lapho umugqa wokudonsa uphuma khona esikhumbeni. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukugcina leyo ndawo ihlanzekile kakhulu. |
| Amahlule egazi kanye ne-Stroke | Kukhona ingozi yokuthi amahlule egazi akheke ngaphakathi kwedivayisi. Uma lokhu kuya ebuchosheni, kungenzeka isifo sohlangothi. Kunikezwa ama-anticoagulant ukuvimbela lokhu. |
| Ukopha | Ngenxa yokuthi uphuza imithi yokunciphisa igazi, ngisho nokulimala okuncane kungabangela ukopha ngokweqile. |
| Ukwehluleka Kwenhliziyo Kwesokudla | Uma i-LVAD isiza uhlangothi lwesobunxele lwenhliziyo, ngezinye izikhathi uhlangothi lwesokudla lungase lungakwazi ukubhekana nokucindezeleka. |
| Ukungasebenzi kahle kwedivayisi | Njengoba lawa kumadivayisi emishini, amaphutha angenzeka kaningi. Kodwa-ke, isilawuli sikwazisa ngezinto ezinjalo kusengaphambili. |
Kufanele ubonane nini nodokotela?
Uma usune-LVAD, kubalulekile ukuba nobudlelwano obuseduze nethimba lakho lezokwelapha. Kuzodingeka uhlolwe masonto onke kuqala, bese kuba njalo ngenyanga. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezilandelayo, tshela udokotela wakho noma isibhedlela ngokushesha .
- Imfiva.
- Ukubomvu, ukuvuvukala, noma ubomvu obuphuma lapho umugqa ohamba khona uphuma esikhumbeni.
- Ubuhlungu besifuba noma besisu.
- Ukopha okungavamile.
- Ukuvuvukala kwemilenze nomhlane.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula.
- Kukhishwa inkinga ngengxenye ethile yedivayisi ye-LVAD noma isignali engavamile (i-alamu).
Ukunquma ukuthi uzoyithola yini i-LVAD noma cha kuyisinqumo somuntu siqu nesibalulekile. Khuluma nodokotela wakho nomndeni wakho ngakho ngokucophelela. Buza yonke imibuzo yakho bese ususa noma yikuphi ukungabaza. Ngenxa yalobu buchwepheshe, izinkulungwane zabantu abanezinkinga zenhliziyo ezinzima manje ziphila impilo engcono nejabulisayo.
Umlayezo Wokuya Nawe Ekhaya
- I-LVAD akuyona inhliziyo yokwenziwa. Iyiphampu yokusiza ngomshini esiza inhliziyo yakho ukuthi ipompe igazi uma kwenzeka ukwehluleka okukhulu kwenhliziyo.
- Lokhu kusetshenziswa kakhulu "njengebhuloho" kulabo abalindele ukufakelwa inhliziyo noma "njengokwelashwa impilo yonke" kulabo abangakwazi ukufakelwa inhliziyo.
- Nakuba ikhwalithi yokuphila ngemva kokuhlinzwa kwe-LVAD ithuthuke kakhulu, kubalulekile ukuphatha kahle idivayisi, ukuphuza imithi, nokulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo.
- Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ngedivayisi noma ngesimo sakho sempilo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazisa ithimba lakho lezokwelapha ngokushesha.
- Lesi yisinqumo esikhulu. Khuluma nodokotela wakho ngokukhululekile ngazo zonke izinzuzo nezingozi bese wenza isinqumo esikulungele kangcono.
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